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United States Census Bureau | An official website of the United States Government Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2023 September 10, 2024 Written by: Katherine Keisler-Starkey and Lisa N. Bunch Report Number: P60-284 Introduction This report presents statistics on health insurance coverage in the United States based on information collected in the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC). Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2023 [< 1.0 MB][//www2.census.gov/library/publications/2024/demo/p60-284.pdf] Highlights In 2023, most people, 92.0 percent or 305.2 million, had health insurance, either for some or all of the year. In 2023, private health insurance coverage continued to be more prevalent than public coverage, at 65.4 percent and 36.3 percent, respectively. Of the subtypes of health insurance coverage, employment-based insurance was the most common, covering 53.7 percent of the population for some or all of the calendar year, followed by Medicaid (18.9 percent), Medicare (18.9 percent), direct- purchase coverage (10.2 percent), TRICARE (2.6 percent), and VA and CHAMPVA coverage (1.0 percent). While the private coverage rate was statistically unchanged between 2022 and 2023, the employment-based coverage rate declined by 0.7 percentage points to 53.7 percent in 2023. At the same time, the rate of direct-purchase coverage increased by 0.3 percentage points to 10.2 percent in 2023. The 2023 public coverage rate was not statistically different from the rate in 2022. Whereas, Medicare coverage increased by 0.2 percentage points to cover 18.9 percent of people. The uninsured rate for children under the age of 19 increased by 0.5 percentage points to 5.8 percent between 2022 and 2023. America Counts Stories America Counts Story America Counts Story How Age and Poverty Level Impact Health Insurance Coverage Health Coverage for Working- Age Adults Rose in Every State Since 2013 The percentage of people without health insurance remained around 8% in 2023 but rates varied by age and poverty level, according to data released today. A brief, infographic and working paper from the American Community Survey estimates out today show changes in health coverage rates by age and state 2013-2023. [/library/stories/2024/09/health-insurance-coverage.html] [/library/stories/2024/09/acs-health-insurance.html] Visualizations Figure 1. Percentage of People by Type of Health Insurance Coverage and Change From 2022 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2024/demo/ p60-284/figure1.pdf] Figure 2. Percentage of People Uninsured by Age Group: 2022 and 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2024/demo/p60- 284/figure2.pdf] Figure 3. Percentage of People With Selected Coverage Types and Uninsured by Age Group: 2022 and 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2024/dem o/p60-284/figure3.pdf] Figure 4. Percentage of Children Under the Age of 19 Without Health Insurance Coverage by Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/202 4/demo/p60-284/figure4.pdf] Figure 5. Percentage of Working-Age Adults Without Health Insurance Coverage by Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2024/ demo/p60-284/figure5.pdf] Figure 6. Uninsured Rate by Income-to-Poverty Ratio and Medicaid Expansion Status of State for Adults Aged 19 to 64: 2022 and 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/202 4/demo/p60-284/figure6.pdf] Figure 7. Health Insurance by Type and Household Income Quintile for Children Under the Age of 19 and Adults Aged 19 to 64: 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/202 4/demo/p60-284/figure7.pdf] Figure 8. Health Insurance Coverage Type by Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2024/demo/p60- 284/figure8.pdf] Figure 9. Percentage of People Without Health Insurance Coverage: 2013 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2024/demo/p60- 284/figure9.pdf] Visualization Health Insurance Coverage and Type by State This visualization uses 2019, 2022 and 2023 American Community Survey 1-year estimates to examine state differences in health insurance coverage by age. [/library/visualizations/interactive/health-insurance-coverage-and-type- by-state.html] Tables Table 1. Number of People by Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type: 2022 to 2023 [< 1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/table1.xls] Table 1. Number of People by Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type: 2022 to 2023 [< 1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/table1.pdf] Appendix A Table 1. Percentage of People by Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type by Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [< 1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/tableA1.xls] Appendix A Table 1. Percentage of People by Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type by Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [< 1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/tableA1.pdf] Appendix A Table 2. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type by Age and Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [< 1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/tableA2.xls] Appendix A Table 2. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type by Age and Selected Characteristics: 2022 and 2023 [< 1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/tableA2.pdf] Uninsured Rate: 2013-2023 [< 1.0 MB][//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/p60/284/uninsured-rate.xlsx] Health Insurance Historical Tables - HHI CPS (2017-2023) [//www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/demo/tables/health-insurance/time- series/hic/hhi01.xlsx] HHI-01. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage--All Persons by Sex, Race and Hispanic Origin: 2017 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] HHI-02. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage--All Persons by Age and Sex: 2017 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/hic/hhi02.xlsx] HHI-03. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage--Children Under 19 by Age: 2017 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/hic/hhi03.xlsx] HHI-04. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage by Nativity: 2017 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/hic/hhi04.xlsx] HHI-05. Health Insurance Coverage Status for Children Under 19 in Poverty: 2017 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/hic/hhi05.xlsx] Health Insurance Historical Tables - HIC ACS (2008-2023) HIC-4_ACS. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage by State--All Persons: 2008 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/acs/hic04_acs.xlsx] HIC-5_ACS. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage by State--Children Under 19: 2008 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/acs/hic05_acs.xlsx] HIC-6_ACS. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage by State--Persons Under 65: 2008 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/acs/hic06_acs.xlsx] HIC-9_ACS. Population Without Health Insurance Coverage by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2008 to 2023 [<1.0 MB] [//www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/tables/health- insurance/time-series/acs/hic09_acs.xlsx] Health Insurance Detailed Tables Table Health Insurance: Tables 2018- forward Health Insurance Coverage, Current Coverage, and Subannual Coverage by Selected Characteristics [/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/cps-hi/hi.html] Table American Community Survey Tables for Health Insurance Coverage Additional health insurance tables using the American Community Survey (ACS). [/data/tables/time-series/demo/health-insurance/acs-hi.html] Information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions is available at https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/techdocs/cpsmar24.pdf [https://www2.census.gov/programs- surveys/cps/techdocs/cpsmar24.pdf] . The U.S. Census Bureau reviewed these data and associated products for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied to this release: Data Management System (DMS) number: P-7534374, Disclosure Review Board (DRB) approval number: CBDRB-FY24-0436. Press Release Press Release Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the U.S.: 2023 September 10, 2024 The U.S. Census Bureau today announced that real median household income increased by 4.0% between 2022 and 2023. [/newsroom/press-releases/2024/income-poverty-health-insurance- coverage.html] Related Brief Publication State Health Insurance Coverage: 2013, 2019, and 2023 This brief uses the 2013, 2019 and 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year estimates to examine state differences in health insurance coverage by age. [/library/publications/2024/acs/acsbr-021.html] Related Info Working Paper State Health Insurance Coverage of Adults 19 to 64: 2013, 2019, 2023 This paper uses 2013, 2019 and 2023 American Community Survey 1-year estimates to examine state differences in health insurance coverage for working-age adults. [/library/working-papers/2024/demo/sehsd-wp2024-25.html] Blog Health Insurance Coverage Measurement in Two Major Surveys September 04, 2024 This blog provides an overview of key similarities and differences between CPS ASEC and ACS health insurance coverage measures. [/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2024/09/health-insurance- coverage-measurement.html] Others in Series Using Administrative Data to Evaluate Nonresponse Bias September 10, 2024 In the latest annual income report, the Census Bureau tabulates the national income distribution using survey responses collected as part of the 2024 CPS ASEC. [/newsroom/blogs/research-matters/2024/09/administrative-data- nonresponse-bias-cps-asec.html] Income in the United States: 2023 Poverty in the United States: 2023 September 10, 2024 September 10, 2024 This report presents data on income, earnings, & income inequality in the United States based on information collected in the 2024 and earlier CPS ASEC. This report presents data on poverty in the United States based on information collected in the 2024 and earlier CPS ASEC. [/library/publications/2024/demo/p60-282.html] [/library/publications/2024/demo/p60-283.html] Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2023 September 10, 2024 This report presents data on health insurance coverage in the United States in 2023 based on information collected in the 2024 CPS ASEC. [/library/publications/2024/demo/p60-284.html] Related Information Health Insurance Publications [/topics/health/health-insurance/library/publications.html] Page Last Revised - September 11, 2024