United States Census Bureau | An official website of the United States Government
Understanding and Using
American Community
Survey Data: What
Researchers Need to Know
April 2020
The American Community Survey
(ACS) is the nation’s premier source
of detailed social, economic,
housing, and demographic
characteristics for local
communities.
This handbook describes how
researchers can use ACS data to
make comparisons, create custom
tables, and combine ACS data with
other data sources. It is aimed at
researchers who are familiar with
using data—summary tabulations
and microdata records—from
complex sample surveys.
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Underst
anding
and
Using
America
n
Commu
nity
Survey
Data:
What
Researc
hers
Need to
Know
[8.8 MB]
American
Communi
ty Survey
Download by Section
1. Topics Covered In The ACS [<1.0 MB]
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American Community Survey
2. How Researchers Use ACS Data [<1.0
MB]
American Community Survey
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3. Sampling Error In The ACS [<1.0 MB]
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American Community Survey
4. Other Considerations In Working With ACS Data
[<1.0 MB]
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0_ch04.pdf]
American Community Survey
5. Case Studies Using ACS Data [1.8 MB]
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American Community Survey
6. Additional Resources [<1.0 MB]
[/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/acs/acs_researchers_handbook_2020_ch06.pdf]
American Community Survey
Others in Series
Publication
What State and Local Government
Users Need to Know
August 2020
This handbook helps data users from state and local
governments learn about ACS data and provides examples of
how ACS data can answer real-world questions.
[/programs-surveys/acs/guidance/handbooks/state-local.html]
Publication
Geography and the American
Community Survey
February 2020
This guide provides an overview of geographic areas for which
ACS data are available, special considerations in working with
spatial data, and more.
[/programs-surveys/acs/library/handbooks/geography.html]
Publication
What ACS Public Use Microdata
Sample File Users Need to Know
February 2021
This guide helps data users learn how to access PUMS files,
create PUMS tables, and measure accuracy and margins of
error.
[/programs-surveys/acs/guidance/handbooks/pums.html]
VIEW ALL [/PROGRAMS-SURVEYS/ACS/LIBRARY/HANDBOOKS.HTML]
Related Information
American Community Survey Resources for Researchers [/programs-surveys/acs/information-for/researchers.html]
Federal Statistical Research Data Centers [/fsrdc]
Data Release Rules [/programs-surveys/acs/technical-documentation/data-suppression.html]
Page Last Revised - May 1, 2025