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We ask questions about a person's difficulty with specific daily
tasks to create statistics about disability.
Local, state, tribal, and federal agencies use disability data to
plan and fund programs for people with disabilities. Disability
data are also used to evaluate other government programs and
policies to ensure that they fairly and equitably serve the needs
of all groups, as well as enforce laws, regulations, and policies
against discrimination.
Your privacy concerns
We use your confidential survey answers to create statistics like those in the results below and in the full tables that contain all th
data—no one is able to figure out your survey answers from the statistics we produce. The Census Bureau is legally bound to
strict confidentiality requirements. Individual records are not shared with anyone, including federal agencies and law enforcemen
entities. By law, the Census Bureau cannot share respondents' answers with anyone, including companies, other federal agenci
and law enforcement.
Questions as they appear on the form
We ask three questions about disability to identify limitations in basic areas of functioning and
independent living.
Results from these questions
We compile the results from these questions to provide communities with important statistics to help in their disability services
planning. You can see some of these published statistics here for the nation, states, and your community.
United States
Percent with a Disability
13.0 percent [https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDP5Y2023.DP02]
Source: Latest ACS 5-Year Estimates
Data Profiles/Social Characteristics [https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDP5Y2023.DP02]
Percent 65 Years and Over with a Disability
32.9 percent [https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDP5Y2023.DP02]
Source: Latest ACS 5-Year Estimates
Data Profiles/Social Characteristics [https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDP5Y2023.DP02]
Median Earnings of Persons with a Disability
31,436 dollars [https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT5Y2023.B18140]
Source: Latest ACS 5-Year Estimates
Detailed Tables: B18140 [https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT5Y2023.B18140]
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Disability data help communities:
Provide Adequate Housing
We ask about disability of household members to understand whether available housing meets the needs of residents in local
communities. When housing is not sufficient or not affordable, disability data help communities:
Enroll eligible households in programs designed to assist them.
Qualify for grants from the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program, the HOME Investment Partnership Program, the
Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) Program, the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) Program, and other local and federa
programs.
Provide Health Care to Children and Families
We ask about disability status, income, and health insurance status to help communities enroll eligible families in programs
designed to assist them such as:
Marketplace
Medicaid
the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
Community disability data are also used to ensure that these programs are adequately serving eligible families.
Ensure Equal Opportunity
We ask about disability status to help governments and communities enforce laws, regulations, and policies against discriminatio
on the basis of disability status. For example, disability data determine whether there are health care or public health program
disparities on the basis of disability status (Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000).
Provide Assistance to People with Disabilities
We ask about disability to help local officials provide programs and services that:
Enable older adults to remain living safely in their homes and communities (Older Americans Act).
Provide services and assistance to people with a disability, such as financial assistance with utilities (Low Income Home Energy Assistance
Program).
Understand Changes
We ask about disability and other topics to inform researchers, advocacy groups, and policymakers on whether people with
disabilities have the same opportunities in education, employment, voting, and home ownership. Communities use data on the
prevalence of various types of disabilities to ensure that they can meet needs during weather events, disasters, and public healt
emergencies.
History of disability questions
Disability questions originated with the 1830 Census. The current questions were added to the ACS in 2008.
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