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United States Census Bureau | An official website of the United States Government Birth Cohort Geographic Mobility in the United States: 2005–2023 May 06, 2025 Written by: Justin V. Palarino Report Number: ACS-60 A population’s composition and distribution are directly affected by geographic mobility, sometimes referred to as migration. Geographic mobility is the movement of people from one place to another. Rates of geographic mobility vary by key demographic, socioeconomic, and temporal factors. Importantly, changes in geographic mobility do not happen uniformly across all population groups. A large and growing body of research tells us that age, calendar year, and birth cohort play essential roles in understanding a population at any one point in time. Of particular interest is the birth cohort—groups of people who were born in the same timeframe. These people pass through life together and experience key historical events at similar ages. Birth cohorts are often informally referred to as “generations.” This brief uses American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year data from 2005 to 2023 and examines all people 1 year or older and who were born after the year 1927.  Birth Cohort Geographic Mobility in the United States: 2005–2023 [< 1.0 MB] [https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2025/demo/acs- 60.pdf] Related Information Migration/Geographic Mobility Publications [/topics/population/migration/library/publications.html] ACS Publications and Working Papers [/programs-surveys/acs/library/publications-and-working-papers.html] Page Last Revised - April 29, 2025