NREL PVWatts Solar PV Production Estimate
nrel.pvwatts.estimateCalculate monthly and annual AC energy production for residential or commercial solar PV systems at any global location using satellite-derived solar resource data. Returns AC/DC energy, capacity factor, and irradiance.
Instructions
Calculate monthly and annual AC energy production (kWh) for a residential or commercial solar PV system at any global location. Uses NSRDB satellite-derived solar resource data. Returns monthly AC/DC energy, capacity factor, plane-of-array irradiance, and solar radiation. Unique — no other tool in this catalog estimates solar PV output.
Input Schema
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| latitude | Yes | Site latitude in decimal degrees (global, WGS84). Example: 37.7749 (San Francisco), 51.5074 (London). | |
| longitude | Yes | Site longitude in decimal degrees (global, WGS84). Example: -122.4194 (San Francisco), -0.1278 (London). | |
| system_capacity | Yes | System DC nameplate capacity in kilowatts (kW). Example: 5 for a typical residential system, 100 for commercial. | |
| module_type | No | Solar module type: 0=Standard (polycrystalline), 1=Premium (monocrystalline, default), 2=Thin Film. | |
| losses | No | System losses percentage (0-99). Accounts for wiring, soiling, shading. Default 14 (NREL recommended). | |
| array_type | No | Array mount type: 0=Fixed open rack, 1=Fixed roof mount (default), 2=1-axis tracking, 3=1-axis backtracking, 4=2-axis tracking. | |
| tilt | No | Module tilt angle in degrees from horizontal (0=flat/horizontal, 90=vertical). Default 20. | |
| azimuth | No | Array azimuth angle: 0=north, 90=east, 180=south (default, optimal in Northern Hemisphere), 270=west. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| result | No | Tool response payload. Shape varies per tool — consult the tool description and inputSchema. May be an object, array, string, or number depending on the upstream provider response. | |
| error | No | Present only when the call failed. Includes error code, message, request_id, and any provider-specific extras. |