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vikranthviki

Causal Decision Agent

by vikranthviki

ips

Read-only

Estimate policy value from logged data using inverse propensity scoring, correcting for behavior policy bias. Use when propensities are known and positivity holds.

Instructions

Inverse propensity score OPE. Assumptions: Logging (behaviour) policy propensities are known or correctly estimated; Positivity / common support: the logging policy assigns positive probability to every action the target policy takes; No unmeasured confounding in the logged data. Pre-conditions: X (context), A (logged action), R (reward) and logging propensities are available. Failure modes: High-variance estimate from extreme importance weights when the target policy diverges from logging -> Use self-normalised IPS (snips) or the doubly-robust estimator to reduce variance. Alternatives: sp.snips, sp.doubly_robust, sp.direct_method. Typical minimum N: 500.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
AYesA parameter (np.ndarray).
RYesR parameter (np.ndarray).
XYesFeature matrix or covariate DataFrame.
clipNoclip parameter (float).
alphaNoSignificance level for confidence intervals and tests.
detailNoPayload depth: 'minimal' (~150 tokens) for sub-step calls where only the point estimate is needed; 'standard' (~1K tokens) for diagnostics + coefficient table; 'agent' (~2K tokens, default) adds violations / next_steps / suggested_functions so the LLM can plan its next call without another round-trip.agent
as_handleNoIf true, cache the fitted result on the server and return result_id + result_uri alongside the JSON payload so a subsequent tools/call can chain without re-running.
data_pathNoAbsolute path or URL to a data file. Supported: .csv / .tsv / .txt (delimited), .parquet / .pq, .feather / .arrow, .xlsx / .xls, .dta (Stata), .json / .jsonl. Schemes: file://, s3://, gs://, https://.
pi_targetYespi_target parameter.
result_idNoOptional handle to a previously-fitted result (returned by an earlier call when as_handle=true). Tools that operate on a fitted object accept this in place of re-supplying data_path + columns.
pi_behaviorNopi_behavior parameter (Optional[np.ndarray]).
data_columnsNoOptional column projection. Parquet/Feather/Stata loaders honour this for fast partial reads.
data_sample_nNoOptional uniform random subsample size (seed=0, deterministic) — useful on huge panels.

Output Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault

No arguments

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

  1. First observedv0.1.0

TDQS

A4.3/5.0
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations already declare readOnlyHint=true and openWorldHint=false; the description adds non-obvious behavior: positivity assumptions, no unmeasured confounding, high-variance failure from extreme importance weights, and a typical minimum N. It does not discuss alpha/confidence-interval behavior, but the output schema exists to carry return-shape information.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is dense but well-structured with labeled sections: Assumptions, Pre-conditions, Failure modes, Alternatives, and Typical minimum N. Every clause adds information; slight redundancy like repeated 'logging policy' phrasing prevents a 5, but there is no filler.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a 13-parameter OPE tool with an output schema and read-only annotation, the description supplies the key invocation context: required inputs, assumptions, failure modes, how to fall back to alternative estimators, and even a minimum sample-size heuristic. It is complete enough for an agent to invoke correctly without additional round-trips.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema coverage is 100%, so the baseline is 3, but the description adds real parameter meaning by clarifying X, A, R as context, logged action and reward, and pointing to logging-policy propensities. It does not elaborate on clip, alpha, detail, or as_handle, though those are already described in the schema.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description opens with 'Inverse propensity score OPE,' naming the estimator family and task precisely. It then refers to X/A/R and explicitly lists sibling alternatives like sp.snips, sp.doubly_robust, and sp.direct_method, so an agent can distinguish this tool from closely related tools.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The failure-modes note gives a concrete rule: when the target policy diverges from logging, prefer snips or doubly-robust to reduce variance, and the Alternatives line names direct_method. It does not give a crisp positive 'use IPS when...' trigger, but the assumptions and preconditions imply the appropriate context.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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