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gmail.users.drafts.send

Sends an existing Gmail draft to the recipients listed in its To, Cc, and Bcc headers.

Instructions

Sends the specified, existing draft to the recipients in the To, Cc, and Bcc headers. For more information, see Create and send draft emails [HTTP POST] — creates or triggers a change; refused under --readonly safety profiles. Returns the API's response resource as JSON — request body is a JSON Draft object accepting id, message; pass it via params or whole via body_file Siblings over the same resource: create, delete, get, list, update.

Input Schema

Name	Required	Description	Default
`query`	No	Extra KEY=VALUE query pairs for endpoints whose parameters Discovery does not describe.
`params`	No	Parameter map merged into the request; typed parameters win.
`userId`	Yes	[URL path segment] The user's email address. The special value `me` can be used to indicate the authenticated user.	me
`dry_run`	No	Return the request that would be sent, without sending it.
`body_file`	No	Read the request body from this file ('-' for stdin) instead of building one from the parameters. The body is a JSON Draft object.
`request_body`	No	Request body of type Draft: pass it via `params` (merged into the built body) or whole via `body_file`.

Output Schema

Name	Required	Description	Default
`id`	No
`raw`	No
`payload`	No
`snippet`	No
`labelIds`	No
`threadId`	No
`historyId`	No
`internalDate`	No
`sizeEstimate`	No
`classificationLabelValues`	No

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

Changed2 schema fields changedOct 26, 2026

changedInput schema / properties / body_file / description

Previous value: -"Read the request body from this file ('-' for stdin) instead of building one from the parameters."New value: +"Read the request body from this file ('-' for stdin) instead of building one from the parameters. The body is a JSON Draft object."

addedInput schema / properties / request_body

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Request body of type Draft: pass it via `params` (merged into the built body) or whole via `body_file`.",
+  "properties": {
+    "id": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "message": {
+      "properties": {
+        "classificationLabelValues": {
+          "items": {
+            "properties": {
+              "fields": {
+                "items": {
+                  "properties": {
+                    "fieldId": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "selection": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    }
+                  },
+                  "type": "object"
+                },
+                "type": "array"
+              },
+              "labelId": {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            },
+            "type": "object"
+          },
+          "type": "array"
+        },
+        "historyId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "internalDate": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "labelIds": {
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "type": "array"
+        },
+        "payload": {
+          "properties": {
+            "body": {
+              "properties": {
+                "attachmentId": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                },
+                "data": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                },
+                "size": {
+                  "type": "integer"
+                }
+              },
+              "type": "object"
+            },
+            "filename": {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            "headers": {
+              "items": {
+                "properties": {
+                  "name": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  },
+                  "value": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  }
+                },
+                "type": "object"
+              },
+              "type": "array"
+            },
+            "mimeType": {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            "partId": {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            "parts": {
+              "items": {
+                "properties": {
+                  "body": {
+                    "type": "object"
+                  },
+                  "filename": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  },
+                  "headers": {
+                    "items": {
+                      "type": "object"
+                    },
+                    "type": "array"
+                  },
+                  "mimeType": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  },
+                  "partId": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  },
+                  "parts": {
+                    "items": {
+                      "type": "object"
+                    },
+                    "type": "array"
+                  }
+                },
+                "type": "object"
+              },
+              "type": "array"
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "object"
+        },
+        "raw": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "sizeEstimate": {
+          "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "snippet": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "threadId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "type": "object"
+    }
+  },
+  "type": "object"
+}

Changed3 schema fields changedOct 26, 2026

addedInput schema / properties / userId / default
```
Added value: +"me"
```

changedInput schema / properties / userId / description

Previous value: -"The user's email address. The special value `me` can be used to indicate the authenticated user."New value: +"[URL path segment] The user's email address. The special value `me` can be used to indicate the authenticated user."

changedOutput schema / (root)

Previous value: -nullNew value: +{
+  "properties": {
+    "classificationLabelValues": {
+      "items": {
+        "properties": {
+          "fields": {
+            "items": {
+              "properties": {
+                "fieldId": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                },
+                "selection": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                }
+              },
+              "type": "object"
+            },
+            "type": "array"
+          },
+          "labelId": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object"
+      },
+      "type": "array"
+    },
+    "historyId": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "id": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "internalDate": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "labelIds": {
+      "items": {
+        "type": "string"
+      },
+      "type": "array"
+    },
+    "payload": {
+      "properties": {
+        "body": {
+          "properties": {
+            "attachmentId": {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            "data": {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            "size": {
+              "type": "integer"
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "object"
+        },
+        "filename": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "headers": {
+          "items": {
+            "properties": {
+              "name": {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              "value": {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            },
+            "type": "object"
+          },
+          "type": "array"
+        },
+        "mimeType": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "partId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "parts": {
+          "items": {
+            "properties": {
+              "body": {
+                "properties": {
+                  "attachmentId": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  },
+                  "data": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  },
+                  "size": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                  }
+                },
+                "type": "object"
+              },
+              "filename": {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              "headers": {
+                "items": {
+                  "properties": {
+                    "name": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "value": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    }
+                  },
+                  "type": "object"
+                },
+                "type": "array"
+              },
+              "mimeType": {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              "partId": {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              "parts": {
+                "items": {
+                  "properties": {
+                    "body": {
+                      "type": "object"
+                    },
+                    "filename": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "headers": {
+                      "items": {
+                        "type": "object"
+                      },
+                      "type": "array"
+                    },
+                    "mimeType": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "partId": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "parts": {
+                      "items": {
+                        "type": "object"
+                      },
+                      "type": "array"
+                    }
+                  },
+                  "type": "object"
+                },
+                "type": "array"
+              }
+            },
+            "type": "object"
+          },
+          "type": "array"
+        }
+      },
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "raw": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "sizeEstimate": {
+      "type": "integer"
+    },
+    "snippet": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "threadId": {
+      "type": "string"
+    }
+  },
+  "type": "object"
+}

First observedOct 26, 2026

TDQS

A3.9/5.0

Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations at all, the description carries the full burden and does well: it flags this as a mutating HTTP POST, discloses that it is refused under --readonly safety profiles, and explains the response shape and two ways to supply the body. It omits that the draft is normally consumed/removed by sending and says nothing about required OAuth scopes or irreversibility, which keeps it short of a 5.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The core action and its prerequisite are front-loaded in the first clause, and the routing advice and sibling list follow in priority order. It is a single dense paragraph with some tag-like clutter ([HTTP POST], bracket-heavy phrasing) that a tighter edit could trim.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a mutating tool with no annotations and five sibling operations, the description covers action, safety refusal, body mechanics, and return type; an output schema exists so return fields need not be spelled out. The remaining gap is the side effect on the draft itself and authorization requirements, which matter for a send operation.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema description coverage is 100%, so userId, params, body_file, request_body and dry_run are already documented in the schema. The description's note about a JSON Draft body with id/message and the params-vs-body_file routing largely restates the schema's own descriptions, so it sits at the baseline rather than adding new semantics.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

States a specific verb (sends) and a precise object (the specified, existing draft) plus the recipient headers it targets, which distinguishes it from gmail.users.drafts.create and gmail.users.messages.send. It explicitly enumerates the siblings over the same resource (create, delete, get, list, update), so an agent can place it without opening other schemas.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The phrase 'the specified, existing draft' implies the prerequisite that a draft must already exist, and the readonly-profile caveat effectively states a when-not condition. However, it never explicitly says to use drafts.create first, nor when to prefer this over gmail.users.messages.send, leaving the main selection decision to inference.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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