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search_papers

Find academic papers across arXiv, Semantic Scholar, PubMed, and CrossRef by applying filters for year, citations, field, and more.

Instructions

Search for academic papers across multiple backends.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
queryYes
limitNo
verifyNo
year_fromNo
year_toNo
min_citationsNo
backendsNo
exclude_typesNo
exclude_termsNo
min_confidenceNo
rank_byNosmart
fieldNo
regionNo

Output Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
resultYes
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations, the description carries full burden but provides minimal behavioral context. It does not disclose search mechanics, rate limits, authentication requirements, or result structure, leaving significant gaps.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness3/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is very short (6 words), which is concise, but it lacks sufficient detail for a complex tool. It is not overly verbose, but under-specification reduces its value.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness2/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given 13 parameters and an output schema, the description is incomplete. It does not explain how parameters interact, filtering behavior, or search semantics, leaving the agent to infer from parameter names alone.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters1/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema description coverage is 0%, so the description must compensate, but it adds zero parameter details. Even though many parameters have defaults and names, their meaning and usage are not clarified.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the verb 'search' and resource 'academic papers', with mention of 'multiple backends' distinguishing it from general search tools like web_search. However, it lacks specificity about which backends or how results are aggregated.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines2/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

No guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives such as web_search or search_vault. The description does not mention prerequisites, exclusions, or situational context.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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