Search PubMed with full query syntax, filters, and date ranges. Returns PMIDs and optional brief summaries. Supports field-specific filters (author, journal, MeSH terms), common filters (language, species, free full text), and pagination via offset for paging through large result sets.

Fetch full article metadata by PubMed IDs. Returns detailed article information including abstract, authors, journal, MeSH terms.

Fetch full-text articles from PubMed Central with structured sections and references. When PMC misses, transparently falls back to Europe PMC fullTextXML (structured JATS for records with a PMC counterpart), then to Unpaywall — publisher-hosted or institutional open-access copies as HTML-as-Markdown or PDF-as-text. Provide exactly one of pmcids (PMC IDs directly), pmids (PubMed IDs, auto-resolved), or dois (preprints and EPMC-only OA records that lack PMID/PMCID).

Get formatted citations for PubMed articles in one or more styles (apa, mla, bibtex, ris). Pass a single style as a string or multiple as an array.

Find articles related to a source article — similar content (similar), articles citing this one (cited_by), or articles this one cites (references).

Spell-check a query and get NCBI's suggested correction. Useful for refining search queries.

Search and explore the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) controlled vocabulary. Returns descriptor records with tree numbers, scope notes, and entry terms.

Look up PubMed IDs from partial bibliographic citations. Useful when you have a reference (journal, year, volume, page, author) and need the PMID — deterministic citation matching, more reliable than free-text search for structured references. Each citation must include at least one bibliographic field (journal, year, volume, firstPage, or authorName); more fields = better match accuracy.

Convert between article identifiers (DOI, PMID, PMCID). Accepts up to 50 IDs of a single type per request. Only resolves articles indexed in PubMed Central — for articles not in PMC, use pubmed_search_articles instead.

Search Europe PMC, a broad open-access biomedical corpus. Surfaces preprints (source: PPR), patents (source: PAT), Agricola (source: AGR), plus everything in PubMed (MED) and PMC. Use when additional coverage is needed — preprints and EPMC-only OA records are the typical recovery. Paginate via cursorMark. Defaults to MED, PMC, and PPR; pass sources to include PAT / AGR.