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owon-spe6103-mcp

by kakuteki

owon-spe6103-mcp

An MCP server that lets an AI assistant read and control an OWON SPE6103 programmable DC power supply (60 V / 10 A / 300 W) over its USB serial port.

Built and verified against real hardware.

*IDN?  ->  OWON,SPE6103,24371986,FV:V5.2.0

Why

Bench work often means "set 16 V, limit 0.5 A, turn it on, watch the current". Doing that by hand breaks your flow, and it is exactly the kind of thing an assistant can do while you keep both hands on the hardware. This server exposes the supply as five small tools, with the dangerous one clearly marked.

Related MCP server: rs3005p-mcp

Tools

Tool

What it does

psu_status

Model, port, setpoints, live measurement, output state, protection limits. Read only.

psu_measure

Live voltage / current / power only. Cheap, for polling.

psu_set(volt, curr)

Sets output voltage and current limit. Does not change the output on/off state.

psu_output_on

Actually energises the terminals. Reads back immediately and warns if the current is pinned at the limit (short or reversed polarity).

psu_output_off

Turns the output off. Setpoints are kept.

Safety design

  • Anything above 60 V or 10 A is rejected before it is sent to the instrument.

  • psu_set never flips the output on. You set values first, then energise — in that order.

  • psu_output_on says so in its own description, so an assistant reading the tool list knows it is not a read-only call.

  • After energising, the measured current is compared against the limit. Pinned at the limit means a short or reversed polarity, and you get told.

  • The serial port is opened and closed per call, so this does not fight with other tools for the port.

  • If the remembered port number is gone, the call rescans and retries within the same call, so the first psu_output_off after a replug still works.

This does not replace a physical means of cutting power. Software paths fail.

Requirements

  • Python 3.10+

  • pyserial

  • mcp (the official Python SDK; FastMCP ships inside it)

pip install pyserial mcp

Connection

The SPE6103 appears as a CH340 USB serial device (VID:PID 1A86:7523). The server finds it automatically. To pin it down:

PSU_PORT=COM8      # Windows
PSU_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0

Wire protocol, confirmed on hardware: SCPI, 115200 8N1, commands terminated with \n, replies with \r\n.

Install

claude mcp add --scope user psu -- python /path/to/server.py

Then restart your client so the tools appear.

Verified SCPI commands

Command

Meaning

Example reply

*IDN?

Identify

OWON,SPE6103,24371986,FV:V5.2.0

VOLT? / VOLT <v>

Voltage setpoint

16.000

CURR? / CURR <a>

Current limit setpoint

0.500

VOLT:LIM?

Over-voltage protection

40.000

CURR:LIM?

Over-current protection

10.200

MEAS:VOLT? MEAS:CURR? MEAS:POW?

Live measurement

0.000

MEAS:ALL?

Live voltage and current

0.000,0.000

OUTP? / OUTP ON / OUTP OFF

Output state

OFF

SYST:STAT? returns ERR on this firmware. Do not use it.

Three gotchas, all measured on hardware

1. Read replies with read_until(b"\n"), not a fixed byte count. A fixed-size read waits out the full timeout on every query, which turns a 5 ms exchange into an 800 ms one — enough to break a one-second sampling loop.

2. Do not measure immediately after OUTP ON or a setpoint change. The output ramps, and the instrument's own measurement only refreshes about every 0.3 s. Asking for 16 V and reading straight away gives you 2.5 V. Measured ramp, no load:

0.11s  0.000      0.92s  12.010
0.27s  0.160      1.08s  15.690
0.43s  0.160      1.40s  15.960
0.59s  6.150      1.56s  16.000   <- settled
0.75s  6.150

Note the repeated values. Because the reading refreshes slower than you can poll, two identical samples do not mean settled — a naive "wait until two reads match" detector latches onto 0.160 or 6.150 and reports a mid-ramp value as final. This server waits 1.2 s, then polls slower than the refresh (0.35 s) and requires three consecutive matching samples.

This matters beyond cosmetics: with a capacitive load, inrush during the ramp will sit at the current limit, and a naive reader will report it as a short.

3. The COM number changes every time you replug, so recover inside the call, not on the next one. On this bench it went COM18 -> COM10 -> COM9 -> COM11. Caching the port and only forgetting it after an open fails is not good enough: the call that discovers the change always fails, and the user learns that "the first call errors and the second one works". That is merely annoying for a read, and dangerous for psu_output_off, which is what you reach for as an emergency stop.

So a transaction that cannot open its remembered port rescans immediately and retries once, in the same call. If the rescan finds nothing, you get the same clear "not found" error as before. When a rescan did happen, the return value says so, including the old and new port numbers — a silent recovery would hide a flaky cable.

The rescan still identifies every candidate with *IDN? and demands SPE6103. Grabbing whichever CH340 happens to be free is exactly the accident this guards against, and a port that vanished is more likely to have been renumbered onto a neighbour, not less. For the same reason, a port that opens but does not answer is treated as gone rather than as a slow instrument, and write-only commands (OUTP OFF and friends) send *IDN? first in the same transaction: a write gets no reply, so without that check a renumbered port could take an OUTP OFF meant for the supply and hand it to an ESP32.

Why psu_output_off has no priority lock

It would look sensible to let the emergency stop jump the queue. It would not help. MCP tool calls are handled serially by the client, so psu_output_off waits in that queue long before it reaches this server's lock — measured earlier at 2.88 s behind a slow call. A lock priority cannot shorten a wait that happens upstream of the lock. The real remedy is the one already in place: every tool returns quickly, the port is held for one transaction at a time, and no tool sleeps while holding it. Adding a second locking scheme would add deadlock risk for no measurable gain.

Other OWON SPE/SPM models most likely speak the same dialect, but only the SPE6103 has been tested.


日本語

OWON SPE6103(60V / 10A / 300W のプログラマブル直流電源)を、USB のシリアル経由で 読み書きするための MCP サーバーです。実機で確認しながら作りました。

道具

道具

内容

psu_status

機種・ポート・設定値・実測・出力の入切・保護値。読むだけ

psu_measure

実測(電圧・電流・電力)だけ。軽いので見張りに使う

psu_set(volt, curr)

電圧と電流制限を設定する。出力の入切は変えない

psu_output_on

**実際に電気が出る。**直後に実測を読み、電流が制限に張り付いていれば短絡・逆接の疑いとして警告する

psu_output_off

出力を切る。設定値は残る

安全のきまり

  • 60V / 10A を超える指示は、機器に送る前に断る

  • psu_set は出力を入れない。値を決めてから入れる、という順序を守れる

  • psu_output_on は説明文の先頭で「実際に電気が出る」と明示している

  • 入れた直後に実測を読み、電流が制限に張り付いていれば警告する

  • ポートは呼び出しごとに開閉するので、他の道具と取り合わない

  • 覚えているポート番号が消えていたら、その呼び出しの中で探し直してもう一度試す。 挿し直した直後の1回目の psu_output_off も通る

これは電源を物理的に切る手段の代わりにはなりません。 ソフトの経路は落ちます。

接続

CH340 の仮想シリアル(VID:PID 1A86:7523)として見えます。自動で探しますが、 PSU_PORT で固定もできます。通信は SCPI / 115200bps 8N1、送りは \n、返しは \r\n

罠(どちらも実機で測って分かったこと)

**1. 応答は read_until(b"\n") で読むこと。**バイト数を決めて読むと、その数が来ないので 毎回タイムアウトを待ち切ります。5ms で済む問い合わせが 800ms になり、 1秒ごとの記録が崩れます。

2. 出力を入れた直後・設定を変えた直後に、そのまま実測を読まないこと。 出力はゆっくり立ち上がり、しかも機器側の実測の更新が約0.3秒ごとです。 16V を指示した直後に読むと 2.5V が返ります。無負荷での立ち上がりの実測:

0.11s  0.000      0.92s  12.010
0.27s  0.160      1.08s  15.690
0.43s  0.160      1.40s  15.960
0.59s  6.150      1.56s  16.000   ← 到達
0.75s  6.150

同じ値が2回続いているところに注意してください。更新より速く読むとこうなるので、 「2回同じなら落ち着いた」という判定は途中の値を掴みます(0.1606.150 で止まる)。 このサーバーは 1.2 秒待ってから、更新より遅い 0.35 秒間隔で、3回続けて一致を見ています。

これは見た目の問題では済みません。容量のある負荷では、立ち上がり中の突入電流が 電流制限に張り付くので、素直に読むと「短絡」と誤判定します

3. COM 番号は挿し直すたびに変わる。復帰は「次の呼び出し」ではなく「その呼び出しの中」で。 この机では COM18 → COM10 → COM9 → COM11 と変わりました。ポートを覚えておいて、 開けなくなってから覚えを捨てる作りでは足りません。変化に気づいた呼び出しは必ず失敗するので、 利用者から見ると「1回目は必ずエラー、2回目で直る」になります。読むだけならただ煩わしいだけですが、 緊急停止に使う psu_output_off でこれが起きるのは危険です。

そこで、覚えている番号で開けなかったやりとりは、その場で探し直して1回だけやり直します。 探し直しても見つからなければ、従来どおりの分かりやすい「見つからない」エラーを返します。 探し直したときは、元の番号と新しい番号を返り値に書きます。黙って復帰すると、 線の接触不良を見逃すからです。

探し直しでも *IDN? の確認は必ず通し、SPE6103 と名乗らないものは掴みません。 空いていた CH340 を掴むのは、まさにこの確認が防いでいる事故です。消えた番号は 隣の機器に振り直されている可能性がむしろ高いので、ここで確認を省く理由はありません。 同じ理由で、開けたのに答えないポートは「遅い機器」ではなく「もういない」とみなします。 また、答えの返らない書き込み(OUTP OFF など)は、同じやりとりの中でまず *IDN? を確かめてから 送ります。書き込みは答えが返らないので、この確認が無いと、電源に向けたつもりの OUTP OFF が ESP32 に届いても気づけません。

psu_output_off に優先権を付けなかった理由

緊急停止だけ列に割り込ませたくなりますが、効きません。MCP の呼び出しは利用者側で直列に処理されるので、 psu_output_off はこのサーバーの鍵にたどり着くずっと前に、その列で待たされます (以前の実測で 2.88 秒)。鍵の優先度では、鍵より手前で起きている待ちは縮められません。 効く手は既に入っている方、つまり「どの道具も素早く返す」「ポートは1回のやりとりの間だけ握る」 「握ったまま眠らない」です。二つ目の鍵の仕組みを足すと、得るものが無いまま すくみ(デッドロック)の危険だけが増えます。

SYST:STAT? はこの版では ERR を返すので使いません。

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