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MCP Server for Segger RTT via J-Link

by ForeverJin

MCP Server for Segger RTT via J-Link

An MCP server that provides access to Segger RTT (Real Time Transfer) through a J-Link debugger. This allows an LLM (like Claude) to interact with embedded devices by reading and writing RTT data.

Features

  • Shared single-owner daemon — one long-lived SSE process owns the J-Link; Claude Code and the VSCode extension connect as clients, so they never fight over the single physical probe

  • Standalone fallback — a Claude-only session with no daemon running opens the J-Link directly (auto-detected; no config change needed)

  • RTT Read/Write — read up-buffer output, write commands to the down-buffer

  • Multi-consumer reads — a draining ring buffer (rtt_read) plus a non-draining broadcast log (rtt_read_log / rtt_read_raw), so a continuous monitor never steals bytes from an on-demand read

  • Real-time display — RTT data is continuously printed to terminal + a rotating log file while monitoring

  • Optional auth — opt-in bearer token (RTT_AUTH_TOKEN) gates /sse, /messages/ and /shutdown

  • Graceful shutdownPOST /shutdown releases the J-Link and stops the daemon cleanly (works around Windows TerminateProcess stranding the probe)

Related MCP server: Serial MCP Server

Prerequisites

  • Python 3.10+

  • SEGGER J-Link Software installed (provides JLinkARM.dll/libjlinkarm.so)

  • A J-Link compatible debugger

  • Target device running SEGGER RTT

Installation(新机器一键装机)

本工具装一次、全局可用——不绑死任何单片机工程,不依赖具体 VSCode 工作区。

前置依赖

  • Python 3.10+(在 PATH 上)

  • SEGGER J-Link 软件(提供 JLinkARM.dll;pylink 在连接 J-Link 时才加载它,安装期不强制)——连硬件前装好

  • 可选:VS Code + code CLI(用配套扩展时需要)

一键安装

# Windows(在 mcp-rtt-server 目录下)
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File install.ps1
# macOS / Linux
./install.sh

脚本完成:非 editable pip install(生成 rtt-mcp-server / rtt-mcp-daemon / rtt-mcp-bridge 三个控制台脚本)→ 可选装 VSCode 扩展 → 在 Claude Code 用户级注册 rtt(绝对路径、无 cwd,任意工作区可用)→ 烟测。

手动安装

cd mcp-rtt-server
pip install .                       # 部署用(非 editable);开发用 pip install -e .

注册到 Claude Code(用户级——任意工作区可用;用绝对 .exe,因 Claude 经 spawn 启动,Windows 下不搜 PATHEXT):

# 取脚本目录
SCRIPTS=$(python -c "import sysconfig;print(sysconfig.get_path('scripts'))")

claude mcp remove --scope user rtt 2>/dev/null
claude mcp add --scope user rtt "$SCRIPTS/rtt-mcp-server.exe"   # Windows
# claude mcp add --scope user rtt "$SCRIPTS/rtt-mcp-server"     # macOS/Linux
rtt-mcp-daemon --help     # 正常打印 usage 说明 import + console script OK

Usage

启动守护进程(可选,推荐)

守护进程是"单一 J-Link 拥有者"。VSCode 扩展会自动启动它;手动调试/独立使用时也可以自己起:

rtt-mcp-daemon --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8765

不启动也没关系:Claude Code(server.py)会探测守护进程,可达则经它代理,不可达则直接开 J-Link(独立会话模式)。

Step 3: 启动 MCP Inspector(调试/测试用)

终端 A — 启动 MCP 服务器:

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector python -m mcp_rtt_server.server

启动后会输出一个本地网址(如 http://localhost:6274/?...),在浏览器打开。

终端 B — 实时查看 RTT 数据:

# PowerShell
Get-Content .\rtt_output.log -Wait
# Git Bash / WSL
tail -f ./rtt_output.log

Step 4: 使用工具

在浏览器 Inspector 中按顺序调用:

  1. jlink_connect — 连接 J-Link 和目标设备,启动 RTT 监控

  2. rtt_read — 读取环形缓冲区累积的 RTT 数据(读后清空)

  3. rtt_read_log / rtt_read_raw — 读取广播日志(多消费者安全,不互相偷数据)

  4. rtt_write — 向设备发送数据(需固件支持接收)

  5. jlink_status — 查看连接状态和缓冲区信息

  6. jlink_disconnect — 断开连接

Claude Code 集成

一键脚本已自动注册(用户级,任意工作区可用)。手动注册:

# 用 install.ps1 / install.sh,或:
SCRIPTS=$(python -c "import sysconfig;print(sysconfig.get_path('scripts'))")
claude mcp add --scope user rtt "$SCRIPTS/rtt-mcp-server.exe"   # Windows
# claude mcp add --scope user rtt "$SCRIPTS/rtt-mcp-server"     # macOS/Linux

用户级(user scope)= 与工程无关:注册一次后,任意 Claude Code 会话(无论打开哪个工作区)都能用 rtt 工具。不要在项目 .claude/settings.json 里重复写 mcpServers.rtt——那会用绝对路径覆盖用户级配置。

指定芯片:默认设备 Cortex-M0+(泛用)。针对某工程固定芯片,按工程覆盖环境变量:

claude mcp remove --scope user rtt
claude mcp add --scope user rtt "$SCRIPTS/rtt-mcp-server.exe" -e JLINK_DEVICE=HC32L19x

或调用 jlink_connect 时直接传 device 参数(优先级最高)。

单拥有者行为server.py 启动时探测守护进程(http://127.0.0.1:8765/sse)——可达则经 SSE 代理所有工具调用(不开第二个 J-Link),与 VSCode 扩展共享同一连接,零争用;守护进程未运行则自动回退为直接开 J-Link(Claude-only 会话)。无需手动选择模式。

重启 Claude Code 会话后,可直接用自然语言与设备交互,例如:

  • "连接 RTT 读取设备数据"

  • "查看设备状态"

Claude Desktop 集成

编辑 %APPDATA%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "rtt": {
      "command": "python",
      "args": ["-m", "mcp_rtt_server.server"],
      "cwd": "."
    }
  }
}

注意cwd 需要改为本项目的实际绝对路径,因为 Claude Desktop 不会自动定位到项目目录。

Available Tools

Tool

Description

jlink_connect

Connect to J-Link and start RTT monitoring

jlink_disconnect

Disconnect from J-Link

jlink_status

Get connection status and buffer info

rtt_list_devices

List available J-Link devices

rtt_read

Read accumulated RTT data from the draining ring buffer (read-once)

rtt_read_log

Read the tail of the broadcast log (non-draining; full output even while another client streams)

rtt_read_raw

Read new log bytes from a byte offset (non-draining, multi-consumer safe; returns {data, next_offset})

rtt_write

Write data to RTT down-buffer

rtt_clear

Clear the RTT ring buffer

读哪个? 单消费者随手读用 rtt_read;持续监视器、或与其它客户端(如 VSCode 扩展)同时读时,用 rtt_read_log / rtt_read_raw,互不偷数据。

Example Session

> jlink_connect(device="HC32L19x")
Connected to J-Link device 'HC32L19x' (serial: 12345678, speed: 4000 kHz)
RTT monitoring started on channel 0

> rtt_read()
[OSAL] HC32L19x OSAL starting...
[RTT] SEGGER RTT initialized
[OSAL] Registering tasks...
[OSAL] Starting scheduler...

> rtt_write(channel=0, data="status\r\n")
Wrote 7 bytes to RTT channel 0

Architecture

单一 J-Link 拥有者模型:守护进程 http_server.py 是唯一 pylink.open() 的进程。Claude Code 与 VSCode 扩展都作为客户端连到它,永不开第二个 J-Link,因此不会争抢探针、也不会互相偷走 RTT 数据。

  ┌──────────────┐        ┌────────────────────┐
  │  Claude Code │ stdio  │   server.py        │
  │              │────────│  探测 daemon:        │
  └──────────────┘        │   可达→SSE 代理     │
                          │   不可达→直接开 J-Link│
                          └─────────┬──────────┘
                                    │ (可达时)
  ┌──────────────┐        ┌─────────▼──────────┐      ┌──────────────┐
  │ VSCode 扩展  │ stdio  │  bridge.py         │ SSE  │ http_server  │
  │ (RttProvider)│────────│  (stdio↔SSE 桥)    │─────│  (DAEMON)    │
  └──────────────┘        └────────────────────┘      │ 单一拥有者   │
                                                      └──────┬───────┘
                                                             │ pylink
                                                             ▼
                                                      ┌──────────────┐
                                                      │ JLinkARM.dll │
                                                      └──────┬───────┘
                                                             │ USB
                                                             ▼
                                                      ┌──────────────┐
                                                      │ J-Link Probe │── SWD ──▶ Target (任意 MCU, SEGGER RTT)
                                                      └──────────────┘

模块职责

模块

角色

http_server.py

守护进程,SSE 传输,唯一持有 J-Link;POST /shutdown 优雅释放

bridge.py

stdio↔SSE 桥(VSCode 扩展用);提供 is_daemon_reachable() 探测 + run_proxy_over_stdio()

server.py

Claude Code 入口;daemon 可达则代理,不可达则回退为直接拥有者

jlink_rtt.py

pylink 封装:后台监视线程、环形缓冲、广播日志、轮转

tools.py

9 个 MCP 工具;所有阻塞 pylink 调用经 asyncio.to_thread 卸载到线程

POST /shutdown(可选 Authorization: Bearer <token>)→ rtt.disconnect()rtt_stop + close)→ uvicorn 干净退出。VSCode 扩展停掉守护进程时先调它,再回退到 kill() —— 这避免了 Windows TerminateProcess 硬杀导致 J-Link 卡在 RTT-started 状态。atexit 钩子作为 Ctrl-C / 正常退出的兜底。

Environment Variables

Variable

Default

Description

JLINK_SERIAL

(none)

J-Link serial number

JLINK_DEVICE

Cortex-M0+

Target device name(泛用默认;按工程覆盖,如 HC32L19x/STM32F103

JLINK_SPEED

4000

SWD speed in kHz

JLINK_RAM_START

0x20000000

RAM 起始地址(扫描 RTT 控制块用,按 MCU 调整)

JLINK_RAM_SIZE

0x8000

RAM 扫描窗口大小(字节,按 MCU 调整)

RTT_CHANNEL

0

Default RTT channel

RTT_RING_BUFFER_SIZE

100

Ring buffer entries

RTT_POLL_INTERVAL_MS

10

Poll interval in ms

RTT_LOG_FILE

可移植默认

RTT 输出日志路径(留空=%LOCALAPPDATA%\mcp-rtt-server\rtt_output.log / ~/.local/state/...;设值则覆盖)

RTT_DAEMON_URL

http://127.0.0.1:8765/sse

守护进程 SSE 地址(server.py/bridge.py 探测与代理用)

RTT_AUTH_TOKEN

(none)

可选:设此值后 /sse/messages//shutdownAuthorization: Bearer <token>;不设则开放给本机任意进程

Troubleshooting

  • Make sure J-Link software is installed

  • Check that J-Link is connected via USB

  • Try running as administrator/root

  • J-Link 被锁住(卡在 RTT-started):上一次进程被 Windows TerminateProcess 硬杀,没释放。用 POST http://127.0.0.1:8765/shutdown 优雅释放,或拔插 J-Link USB。

Claude Code 连上了但读不到数据(VSCode 扩展同时在用)

  • 这是预期行为:扩展在用环形缓冲(rtt_read 会清空)。改用 rtt_read_logrtt_read_raw,它们读广播日志,不被任何消费者清空。

"Device not supported"

  • Check if the device name is correct

  • Try using rtt_list_devices to see available probes

  • Verify the target is connected and powered

"RTT not initialized"

  • Make sure the target firmware calls SEGGER_RTT_Init()

  • Check that RTT buffers are configured in SEGGER_RTT_Conf.h

License

MIT

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