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pwndbg_xor

Decode XOR-encoded payloads by XORing memory at a specified address with a repeating key. Specify address, key in hex, and byte count.

Instructions

XOR memory at the given address with a key.

pwndbg command: xor Source: pwndbg/commands/xor.py Category: Memory

XORs count bytes at address with the repeating key byte(s). Useful for decoding XOR-encoded payloads in memory.

Args: session_id: The UUID of the session. address: Address of the data to XOR. key: XOR key (hex string). count: Number of bytes to XOR.

See: https://pwndbg.re/2025.05.30/reference/pwndbg/commands/xor/

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
session_idYes
addressYes
keyYes
countYes

Output Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
resultYes
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden. It states the core behavior of XORing memory but lacks details on side effects (e.g., in-place modification), required permissions, error conditions, or return values. This is insufficient for a mutation tool.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is moderately sized with a clear structure: a single-line action, source info, a sentence, an arg list, and a link. It is front-loaded and efficient, though the source line is largely redundant for agents. Overall, well-organized.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness2/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given no annotations and an output schema (not shown), the description fails to mention return values or side effects. For a memory-modifying tool, users need to know if memory is changed permanently or if the output is a new buffer. Lacks completeness.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema coverage is 0%, but the description adds some meaning: it clarifies 'key: XOR key (hex string)' and 'count: Number of bytes to XOR.' However, it does not explain format or constraints for 'address' beyond 'Address of the data.' Partial improvement over bare schema.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states 'XOR memory at the given address with a key' and specifies it XORs count bytes with a repeating key, making the verb and resource distinct. It differentiates from siblings like pwndbg_search or pwndbg_hexdump by focusing on a specific decoding operation.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description notes it is 'useful for decoding XOR-encoded payloads,' implying a use case but provides no explicit when-to-use or when-not-to-use guidance, nor any alternatives. The usage context is vague.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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