/**
* 认知偏差与幻觉提示分析器
*/
import type {
BiasWarnings,
CognitiveBias,
BiasType,
ReframedProblem,
} from "../types/index.js";
/** 偏差检测规则 */
interface BiasRule {
type: BiasType;
typeLabel: string;
patterns: RegExp[];
description: string;
mitigation: string;
}
/** 偏差检测规则集 */
const BIAS_RULES: BiasRule[] = [
{
type: "survivorship",
typeLabel: "幸存者偏差",
patterns: [
/别人.*成功/,
/有人.*做到/,
/朋友.*实现/,
/看到.*案例/,
/成功.*例子/,
/XXX都能/,
/人家都/,
],
description: "可能将个别成功案例误认为普遍路径，忽视了大量未能成功的案例",
mitigation: "建议：主动寻找失败案例，了解失败的原因和概率。关注基础率而非个案。",
},
{
type: "narrative",
typeLabel: "叙事谬误",
patterns: [
/听说/,
/据说/,
/有个故事/,
/看了.*文章/,
/网上说/,
/大V说/,
/博主/,
/up主/,
],
description: "可能被故事和叙事影响决策，而非基于数据和系统性分析",
mitigation: "建议：区分故事和数据，寻找系统性的统计信息。警惕情绪化的成功学叙事。",
},
{
type: "groupPressure",
typeLabel: "群体压力",
patterns: [
/大家都/,
/别人都/,
/身边.*都/,
/朋友都/,
/同事都/,
/同龄人/,
/周围.*人/,
/趋势/,
/风口/,
],
description: "可能因为'大家都这样做'而产生跟风冲动，忽视了个人条件的差异性",
mitigation: "建议：明确自己的独特条件和目标，不同人适合不同路径。避免为了'不落后'而盲目跟风。",
},
{
type: "shortTermFocus",
typeLabel: "短期聚焦偏差",
patterns: [
/马上/,
/立刻/,
/赶紧/,
/来不及/,
/错过/,
/最后.*机会/,
/窗口.*关闭/,
/再不.*就/,
],
description: "可能过度关注短期结果和紧迫感，而忽视长期结构性因素",
mitigation: "建议：拉长时间维度思考，区分'真紧迫'和'假紧迫'。多数人生决策的影响是长期的。",
},
{
type: "confirmationBias",
typeLabel: "确认偏差",
patterns: [
/我觉得.*应该/,
/我认为.*对/,
/明显.*更好/,
/肯定是/,
/毫无疑问/,
/怎么看都/,
],
description: "可能只关注支持已有观点的信息，忽视或贬低相反的证据",
mitigation: "建议：主动寻找反对意见，尝试论证相反立场。问自己：'什么情况下我会改变想法？'",
},
{
type: "anchoringBias",
typeLabel: "锚定效应",
patterns: [
/一开始/,
/最初/,
/第一.*想法/,
/本来以为/,
/原本.*计划/,
],
description: "可能过度依赖最初获得的信息或第一印象，难以根据新信息调整判断",
mitigation: "建议：定期重新评估假设，考虑如果从零开始会怎么选择。避免被沉没成本影响。",
},
{
type: "sunkCostFallacy",
typeLabel: "沉没成本谬误",
patterns: [
/已经.*投入/,
/花了.*时间/,
/付出.*努力/,
/不能.*白费/,
/坚持.*这么久/,
/放弃.*可惜/,
],
description: "可能因为已经投入的成本而坚持错误方向，无法理性止损",
mitigation: "建议：关注未来的成本和收益，而非过去的投入。问自己：'如果重新选择，还会这样做吗？'",
},
];
/** 情绪化元素对应的偏差映射 */
const EMOTIONAL_BIAS_MAP: Record<string, BiasType> = {
"群体压力": "groupPressure",
"紧迫感假设": "shortTermFocus",
"竞争焦虑": "groupPressure",
"预设结论": "confirmationBias",
"预设偏好": "confirmationBias",
};
/**
* 检测文本中的认知偏差
*/
function detectBiasesFromText(text: string): CognitiveBias[] {
const biases: CognitiveBias[] = [];
const detectedTypes = new Set<BiasType>();
for (const rule of BIAS_RULES) {
if (detectedTypes.has(rule.type)) continue;
for (const pattern of rule.patterns) {
if (pattern.test(text)) {
detectedTypes.add(rule.type);
biases.push({
type: rule.type,
typeLabel: rule.typeLabel,
description: rule.description,
mitigation: rule.mitigation,
});
break;
}
}
}
return biases;
}
/**
* 从情绪化元素推断可能的偏差
*/
function inferBiasesFromEmotions(emotionalElements: string[]): CognitiveBias[] {
const biases: CognitiveBias[] = [];
const detectedTypes = new Set<BiasType>();
for (const element of emotionalElements) {
for (const [keyword, biasType] of Object.entries(EMOTIONAL_BIAS_MAP)) {
if (element.includes(keyword) && !detectedTypes.has(biasType)) {
detectedTypes.add(biasType);
const rule = BIAS_RULES.find((r) => r.type === biasType);
if (rule) {
biases.push({
type: rule.type,
typeLabel: rule.typeLabel,
description: `从表述中检测到：${element}`,
mitigation: rule.mitigation,
});
}
}
}
}
return biases;
}
/**
* 分析认知偏差
*/
export function analyzeBias(reframedProblem: ReframedProblem): BiasWarnings {
const textBiases = detectBiasesFromText(reframedProblem.original);
const emotionBiases = inferBiasesFromEmotions(reframedProblem.emotionalElements);
// 合并并去重
const allBiases = [...textBiases];
const detectedTypes = new Set(textBiases.map((b) => b.type));
for (const bias of emotionBiases) {
if (!detectedTypes.has(bias.type)) {
allBiases.push(bias);
detectedTypes.add(bias.type);
}
}
// 如果没有检测到任何偏差，添加通用提醒
if (allBiases.length === 0) {
allBiases.push({
type: "other",
typeLabel: "通用提醒",
description: "未检测到明显的认知偏差，但请保持警惕",
mitigation: "建议：定期反思自己的假设和推理过程，寻求不同视角的意见。",
});
}
return { biases: allBiases };
}
