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Population Estimates Tool

population_estimates_tool
Read-onlyIdempotent

Retrieve annual population estimates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin for the US, states, or counties.

Instructions

Retrieve annual population estimates from the Population Estimates Program (PEP). Get current population counts by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Updated annually with the most recent population estimates between decennial censuses.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
yearNoVintage year for population estimates (2020-present, default: 2023)
variablesNoVariables to retrieve. Common: POP (population estimate), AGE (age group), SEX (sex code), POPGROUP (race/ethnicity), HISP (Hispanic origin)
geographyNoGeographic level for population estimatesstate
stateNoState FIPS code (required for county geography)
ageGroupNoAge group code (e.g., "0" for all ages, "1" for 0-4 years)
sexNoSex code: "0" (both sexes), "1" (male), "2" (female)
hispanicOriginNoHispanic origin: "0" (both), "1" (non-Hispanic), "2" (Hispanic)
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations already indicate read-only, idempotent, and non-destructive behavior. The description adds context about the data source (PEP) and update frequency, which goes beyond annotations without contradiction.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

Two sentences, front-loaded with purpose, no redundant words. Every sentence adds value. Excellent for an AI agent to quickly grasp.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

No output schema exists, and the description does not detail return structure or default behavior when no parameters are provided. With 7 optional parameters, more guidance (e.g., 'If no geography specified, defaults to state') would improve completeness.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema coverage is 100% with descriptions for all 7 parameters. The description lists demographic categories (age, sex, race, Hispanic origin) that map to parameters but does not add new meaning beyond the schema. Baseline score of 3 is appropriate.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool retrieves annual population estimates from PEP with demographic breakdowns by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. It distinguishes from siblings like decennial_census_tool (decennial vs annual) and acs_data_tool.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description mentions 'updated annually' and 'between decennial censuses', implying when to use, but no explicit when-not-to-use or comparison to sibling tools. Guidance is implicit but insufficient.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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