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List emails

list_emails
Read-only

List or search emails in a mailbox by folder, sender, read state, and dates, with pagination. Get metadata and optional previews; use get_email for full bodies.

Instructions

List or search emails in a mailbox, with metadata and optional previews. Filter by folder, sender, read state, dates and more, and paginate with pageToken. Use get_email for full bodies.

Input Schema

NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
toNo
fromNo
readNo
textNoLiteral full-text search terms
afterNoYYYY-MM-DD received date, inclusive in UTC
beforeNoYYYY-MM-DD received date, exclusive in UTC
folderNoFolder role (inbox, sent, drafts, trash, spam, starred, archive, all) or a label/folder name. Use all or omit this field to search all mail except Spam and Trash. An IMAP server's \All mailbox may use different rules.
starredNo
subjectNo
pageSizeNoDefaults to 25
accountIdNoAccount to operate on. Optional when exactly one account is connected.
pageTokenNonextPageToken from a previous call
hasAttachmentNo
includeSnippetNoRequest or suppress message previews
rawProviderQueryNoProvider-native Gmail syntax or Outlook KQL for one compatible account
includeSearchContextNoInclude a match-centered body excerpt; requires a portable text query

Output Schema

NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
dataYes

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

  1. Changed14 schema fields changedv0.19.0
    • changedInput schema / properties / accountId / anyOf
      Previous value: -[
      -  {
      -    "minLength": 1,
      -    "type": "string"
      -  },
      -  {
      -    "type": "null"
      -  }
      -]New value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 512,
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / after / anyOf
      Previous value: -[
      -  {
      -    "minLength": 1,
      -    "type": "string"
      -  },
      -  {
      -    "type": "null"
      -  }
      -]New value: +[
      +  {
      +    "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$",
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / before / anyOf
      Previous value: -[
      -  {
      -    "minLength": 1,
      -    "type": "string"
      -  },
      -  {
      -    "type": "null"
      -  }
      -]New value: +[
      +  {
      +    "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$",
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / folder / anyOf
      Previous value: -[
      -  {
      -    "minLength": 1,
      -    "type": "string"
      -  },
      -  {
      -    "type": "null"
      -  }
      -]New value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 2048,
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • addedInput schema / properties / from / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 2048,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / from / type
      Removed value: -[
      -  "string",
      -  "null"
      -]
    • addedInput schema / properties / rawProviderQuery / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 2048,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / rawProviderQuery / type
      Removed value: -[
      -  "string",
      -  "null"
      -]
    • addedInput schema / properties / subject / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 2048,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / subject / type
      Removed value: -[
      -  "string",
      -  "null"
      -]
    • addedInput schema / properties / text / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 2048,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / text / type
      Removed value: -[
      -  "string",
      -  "null"
      -]
    • addedInput schema / properties / to / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maxLength": 2048,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / to / type
      Removed value: -[
      -  "string",
      -  "null"
      -]
  2. Changed29 schema fields changedv0.15.0
    • addedInput schema / properties / accountId / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / accountId / minLength
      Removed value: -1
    • removedInput schema / properties / accountId / type
      Removed value: -"string"
    • addedInput schema / properties / after / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / after / minLength
      Removed value: -1
    • removedInput schema / properties / after / type
      Removed value: -"string"
    • addedInput schema / properties / before / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / before / minLength
      Removed value: -1
    • removedInput schema / properties / before / type
      Removed value: -"string"
    • addedInput schema / properties / folder / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / folder / minLength
      Removed value: -1
    • removedInput schema / properties / folder / type
      Removed value: -"string"
    • changedInput schema / properties / from / type
      Previous value: -"string"New value: +[
      +  "string",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / hasAttachment / type
      Previous value: -"boolean"New value: +[
      +  "boolean",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / includeSearchContext / type
      Previous value: -"boolean"New value: +[
      +  "boolean",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / includeSnippet / type
      Previous value: -"boolean"New value: +[
      +  "boolean",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • addedInput schema / properties / pageSize / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "maximum": 100,
      +    "minimum": 1,
      +    "type": "integer"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / pageSize / maximum
      Removed value: -100
    • removedInput schema / properties / pageSize / minimum
      Removed value: -1
    • removedInput schema / properties / pageSize / type
      Removed value: -"integer"
    • addedInput schema / properties / pageToken / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "minLength": 1,
      +    "type": "string"
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "type": "null"
      +  }
      +]
    • removedInput schema / properties / pageToken / minLength
      Removed value: -1
    • removedInput schema / properties / pageToken / type
      Removed value: -"string"
    • changedInput schema / properties / rawProviderQuery / type
      Previous value: -"string"New value: +[
      +  "string",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / read / type
      Previous value: -"boolean"New value: +[
      +  "boolean",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / starred / type
      Previous value: -"boolean"New value: +[
      +  "boolean",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / subject / type
      Previous value: -"string"New value: +[
      +  "string",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / text / type
      Previous value: -"string"New value: +[
      +  "string",
      +  "null"
      +]
    • changedInput schema / properties / to / type
      Previous value: -"string"New value: +[
      +  "string",
      +  "null"
      +]
  3. Changed1 schema field changedv0.11.1
    • removedOutput schema / $schema
      Removed value: -"http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"
  4. Changed1 schema field changedv0.11.0
    • changedOutput schema / (root)
      Previous value: -nullNew value: +{
      +  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
      +  "additionalProperties": false,
      +  "properties": {
      +    "data": {
      +      "additionalProperties": true,
      +      "properties": {
      +        "exhausted": {
      +          "type": "boolean"
      +        },
      +        "items": {
      +          "items": {
      +            "additionalProperties": true,
      +            "properties": {
      +              "accountId": {
      +                "type": "string"
      +              },
      +              "attachments": {
      +                "items": {
      +                  "additionalProperties": true,
      +                  "properties": {
      +                    "filename": {
      +                      "type": "string"
      +                    },
      +                    "id": {
      +                      "type": "string"
      +                    },
      +                    "mimeType": {
      +                      "type": "string"
      +                    },
      +                    "sizeBytes": {
      +                      "type": "number"
      +                    }
      +                  },
      +                  "required": [
      +                    "id",
      +                    "filename",
      +                    "mimeType",
      +                    "sizeBytes"
      +                  ],
      +                  "type": "object"
      +                },
      +                "type": "array"
      +              },
      +              "body": {
      +                "additionalProperties": false,
      +                "properties": {
      +                  "html": {
      +                    "type": "string"
      +                  },
      +                  "text": {
      +                    "type": "string"
      +                  }
      +                },
      +                "type": "object"
      +              },
      +              "bodyTruncation": {
      +                "additionalProperties": {
      +                  "additionalProperties": false,
      +                  "properties": {
      +                    "nextOffset": {
      +                      "type": "number"
      +                    },
      +                    "totalChars": {
      +                      "type": "number"
      +                    }
      +                  },
      +                  "required": [
      +                    "totalChars"
      +                  ],
      +                  "type": "object"
      +                },
      +                "type": "object"
      +              },
      +              "date": {
      +                "type": "string"
      +              },
      +              "flags": {
      +                "additionalProperties": true,
      +                "properties": {
      +                  "draft": {
      +                    "type": "boolean"
      +                  },
      +                  "read": {
      +                    "type": "boolean"
      +                  },
      +                  "starred": {
      +                    "type": "boolean"
      +                  }
      +                },
      +                "required": [
      +                  "read",
      +                  "starred",
      +                  "draft"
      +                ],
      +                "type": "object"
      +              },
      +              "id": {
      +                "type": "string"
      +              },
      +              "subject": {
      +                "type": "string"
      +              },
      +              "threadId": {
      +                "type": "string"
      +              },
      +              "to": {
      +                "items": {
      +                  "additionalProperties": true,
      +                  "properties": {
      +                    "email": {
      +                      "type": "string"
      +                    },
      +                    "name": {
      +                      "type": "string"
      +                    }
      +                  },
      +                  "required": [
      +                    "email"
      +                  ],
      +                  "type": "object"
      +                },
      +                "type": "array"
      +              }
      +            },
      +            "required": [
      +              "id",
      +              "threadId",
      +              "accountId",
      +              "to",
      +              "subject",
      +              "date",
      +              "flags"
      +            ],
      +            "type": "object"
      +          },
      +          "type": "array"
      +        },
      +        "nextPageToken": {
      +          "type": "string"
      +        }
      +      },
      +      "required": [
      +        "items",
      +        "exhausted"
      +      ],
      +      "type": "object"
      +    }
      +  },
      +  "required": [
      +    "data"
      +  ],
      +  "type": "object"
      +}
  5. Changed1 schema field changedv0.10.0
    • addedInput schema / properties / includeSearchContext
      Added value: +{
      +  "description": "Include a match-centered body excerpt; requires a portable text query",
      +  "type": "boolean"
      +}
  6. Changed1 schema field changedv0.9.0
    • addedInput schema / properties / includeSnippet
      Added value: +{
      +  "description": "Request or suppress message previews",
      +  "type": "boolean"
      +}
  7. First observedv0.1.0

TDQS

A3.5/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations already declare readOnlyHint=true, destructiveHint=false, and openWorldHint=false, so safety is covered. The description adds that results include metadata and optional previews and that pagination uses pageToken, but it does not add deeper behavioral context such as rate limits, auth needs, or default result behavior.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is three short sentences, front-loads the core purpose, then adds filtering/pagination and the sibling handoff. There is no wasted text and the structure is easy for an agent to scan.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a 16-parameter list/search tool with an output schema, the description is minimally adequate: it covers the core operation, previews, pagination, and get_email handoff. It remains incomplete on when this tool should be preferred over search_emails and does not give enough guidance to navigate the broad filter surface.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema coverage is 63%, so the schema carries substantial parameter documentation. The description maps several parameters into semantic categories ('folder, sender, read state, dates', pageToken, previews), but with 16 parameters it leaves several important filters like subject, attachment state, account selection, and provider-native queries unaddressed beyond the schema.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description gives a specific verb and resource ('List or search emails in a mailbox') plus scope: metadata, optional previews, filtering, and pagination. It distinguishes itself from get_email by directing full-body retrieval there, but it does not distinguish itself from the overlapping search_emails or search_emails_batch siblings.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

It explicitly says to use get_email for full bodies, which is useful routing. However, it does not explain when to use list_emails versus search_emails/search_emails_batch, and the filtering context is only implied rather than stated as clear when-to-use guidance.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.