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find_similar_concepts

Find medical concepts similar to a reference concept, name, or natural language query using semantic, lexical, or hybrid algorithms. Use to explore related concepts, find alternative codes, or build phenotype sets.

Instructions

Find medical concepts similar to a reference concept, name, or natural language query. Supports three algorithms: 'semantic' (neural embeddings — best for meaning), 'lexical' (text matching — best for typos), 'hybrid' (combined — default). Provide exactly ONE of: concept_id, concept_name, or query. Use this to explore related concepts, find alternative codes, or build phenotype concept sets. Tip: For drug vocabularies like RxNorm, use drug class names ('ACE inhibitors', 'beta blockers', 'antihypertensives') rather than symptom descriptions ('medications for high blood pressure') — the embedding model aligns better with clinical terminology than lay language.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
concept_idNoFind concepts similar to this OMOP concept ID
concept_nameNoFind concepts similar to this concept name
queryNoFind concepts matching this natural language description
algorithmNoSimilarity algorithm: 'semantic' (meaning), 'lexical' (text), 'hybrid' (both). Default 'hybrid'.hybrid
similarity_thresholdNoMinimum similarity score (0.0-1.0). Default 0.7.
page_sizeNoNumber of results (1-100, default 20)
vocabulary_idsNoComma-separated vocabulary IDs to filter results. Examples: 'SNOMED', 'ICD10CM'.
domain_idsNoComma-separated domain IDs to filter results. Examples: 'Condition', 'Drug'.
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations, the description carries full burden. It describes the algorithm behavior, input constraints, and a vocabulary-specific tip. It does not mention destructive actions (none expected) or output format, but is transparent about what the tool does.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is a single well-organized paragraph: purpose, algorithms, input requirement, use cases, and a tip. No redundant sentences. Efficiently conveys all necessary information.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given 8 parameters, no output schema, and no annotations, the description covers core functionality, input constraints, algorithm choices, and a practical tip. It could mention pagination or result structure, but the schema's page_size description suffices. Overall, it provides enough context for effective use.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

All 8 parameters are described in the schema (100% coverage), so baseline is 3. The description adds value by explaining the constraint of providing exactly one input, the algorithm meanings, and a practical tip for drug vocabularies, going beyond schema descriptions.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool finds similar medical concepts, lists three algorithms, and gives specific use cases like exploring related concepts or building phenotype sets. It differentiates from siblings by focusing on similarity rather than exact search.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description explicitly says to provide exactly one of concept_id, concept_name, or query, and gives a tip for drug vocabularies. It lacks direct comparison to siblings but implies when to use via use-case examples.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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