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**Arduino Component Specifications: BadaBot/BadaRobo**
This document details the specifications and functionalities of the Arduino components used within the BadaBot/BadaRobo system, focusing on the Arduino Nano and its associated peripherals.
**1. Arduino Nano (Core Control Unit)**
* **1.1. Overview:**
* The Arduino Nano serves as the low-level control unit, directly interfacing with and managing the physical actuators and sensors.
* It receives commands from the ESP32 via the Firmata protocol.
* It executes precise control signals to manipulate the peripherals.
* **1.2. Technical Specifications:**
* Microcontroller: Atmel ATmega328P.
* Operating Voltage: 5V.
* Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V.
* Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output).
* Analog Input Pins: 8.
* Flash Memory: 32 KB (ATmega328P).
* SRAM: 2 KB (ATmega328P).
* EEPROM: 1 KB (ATmega328P).
* Clock Speed: 16 MHz.
* **1.3. Firmware Functionalities:**
* **1.3.1. LED Control (LEDControl):**
* Function: Controls the on/off state of an LED.
* Implementation: Digital output pin manipulation.
* Control: Receives blink commands (on/off, duration) from the ESP32.
* **1.3.2. Buzzer Control (BuzzerControl):**
* Function: Generates audible tones using a piezoelectric buzzer.
* Implementation: PWM output pin manipulation to produce varying frequencies.
* Control: Receives frequency and duration commands from the ESP32.
* **1.3.3. Stepper Motor Control (MotorControl):**
* Function: Controls the rotational movement of a stepper motor.
* Implementation: Digital output pin sequences to drive the motor windings.
* Control: Receives step count, direction, and speed commands from the ESP32.
* **1.3.4. Water Detection Sensor (WaterSensor):**
* Function: Reads the state of a water detection sensor.
* Implementation: Analog input pin reading to determine water presence.
* Data Transmission: Sends sensor readings to the ESP32 via Firmata.
**2. Peripherals**
* **2.1. LED:**
* Type: Standard Light Emitting Diode.
* Function: Visual indication of system activity or status.
* Interface: Connected to a digital output pin of the Arduino Nano.
* **2.2. Buzzer:**
* Type: Piezoelectric Buzzer.
* Function: Audible feedback for system events or alerts.
* Interface: Connected to a PWM output pin of the Arduino Nano.
* **2.3. Stepper Motor:**
* Type: Unipolar or Bipolar Stepper Motor (specific type to be defined).
* Function: Precise rotational movement for mechanical actuation.
* Interface: Connected to multiple digital output pins of the Arduino Nano, driven by a stepper motor driver.
* **2.4. Water Detection Sensor:**
* Type: Resistive or Capacitive Water Detection Sensor (specific type to be defined).
* Function: Detects the presence of water.
* Interface: Connected to an analog input pin of the Arduino Nano.
**3. Communication (Firmata)**
* **3.1. Overview:**
* Firmata is used for serial communication between the ESP32 and the Arduino Nano.
* It allows the ESP32 to send high-level commands to the Arduino Nano, which then executes them.
* **3.2. Implementation:**
* The Arduino Nano runs the StandardFirmata firmware.
* The ESP32 sends Firmata messages to control digital and analog pins, and to receive analog sensor readings.
**4. Power Requirements**
* **4.1. Arduino Nano:**
* Powered by 5V from the ESP32 or an external power supply.
* **4.2. Peripherals:**
* Power requirements for each peripheral will be determined based on their specific specifications.
* A separate power supply may be required for the stepper motor, depending on its power consumption.
**5. Future Considerations**
* Potential expansion of sensor capabilities.
* Integration of additional actuators.
* Optimization of Firmata communication for improved performance.
* Consideration of a more powerful arduino board if more pins or processing power is needed.
