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{
"state_code": "VA",
"state_name": "Virginia",
"regulator": "Virginia Lottery",
"regulation_source": "Virginia Code Title 58.1, Chapter 40 (Sports Betting), Chapter 41 (Casino Gaming)",
"official_link": "https://www.valottery.com/aboutus/legal",
"data_extraction_date": "2025-09-29",
"effective_date": "2025-09-29",
"status": "active",
"completeness": "85%",
"confidence_level": "high",
"legal_framework": {
"primary_legislation": [
{
"name": "Virginia Sports Betting Legislation",
"citation": "Senate Bill 384 (SB 384), House Bill 896 (HB 896)",
"enacted": "April 2020",
"signed_by": "Governor Ralph Northam",
"scope": "Online and retail sports betting",
"launch_date": "January 22, 2021",
"first_operator": "FanDuel"
}
],
"regulatory_authority": {
"name": "Virginia Lottery",
"expanded_authority": "2020 - added sports betting and casino gaming oversight",
"responsibilities": [
"Licensing sports betting operators",
"Licensing casino gaming establishments",
"Auditing and compliance",
"Self-exclusion program administration",
"Consumer protection"
],
"application_period": "Annual: May 15 - May 30"
},
"recent_updates": [
{
"date": "2025",
"type": "iGaming debate",
"description": "Renewed conversations about legalizing online casino gaming",
"status": "Under consideration - not yet legal"
},
{
"date": "2024",
"type": "Legislative proposal",
"description": "SB 124 introduced to allow betting on Virginia college sports (except props)",
"status": "Carried to next session"
}
]
},
"license_types": {
"sports_betting_permit": {
"description": "Permit to operate online or retail sports betting",
"maximum_permits": 12,
"currently_active": 12,
"application_period": "May 15 - May 30 annually",
"no_casino_partnership_required": true,
"preferred_consideration_criteria": [
"Major league sports franchises headquartered in VA with $200M+ in state tax withholdings",
"Major league sports franchises playing 5+ games annually in VA",
"Demonstrated minority equity ownership or investment plans",
"Plans to assist historically disadvantaged communities or HBCUs"
],
"note": "Substantial and preferred consideration given to certain applicants prior to July 1, 2025"
},
"casino_gaming_license": {
"description": "License to operate land-based casino with sports betting",
"currently_licensed": 5,
"locations": [
"Bristol",
"Danville",
"Portsmouth",
"Richmond",
"Norfolk"
],
"scope": "Table games, slots, sports betting (retail and mobile on-site only)"
}
},
"taxation": {
"sports_betting": {
"rate": 15,
"base": "Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR)",
"structure": "flat",
"calculation": "Handle minus (winnings + promotional deductions + federal excise tax)",
"deductions_allowed": [
"Winnings paid to bettors",
"Bonuses and promotions (up to 2% of gross revenue or other % set by Board)",
"Federal excise taxes",
"Uncollectible gaming receivables (up to 2%)"
],
"revenue_distribution": {
"general_fund": 97.5,
"problem_gambling_fund": 2.5
}
},
"casino_gaming": {
"structure": "Graduated",
"tiers": [
{
"revenue_min": 0,
"revenue_max": 200000000,
"rate": 18
},
{
"revenue_min": 200000001,
"revenue_max": 400000000,
"rate": 23
},
{
"revenue_min": 400000001,
"revenue_max": null,
"rate": 30
}
],
"note": "Casino sports betting taxed separately under sports betting tax"
},
"player_income_tax": {
"state_rate": "2-5.75% graduated",
"federal_rate": 24,
"note": "All gambling winnings subject to both state and federal tax"
},
"revenue_performance": {
"2021": {
"handle": 3220000000,
"ggr": 135600000,
"taxes": 20300000,
"note": "First year"
},
"2022": {
"handle": 4910000000,
"ggr": 345100000,
"taxes": 51800000,
"year_over_year_growth": "154%"
},
"2023": {
"handle": 5590000000,
"ggr": 481900000,
"taxes": 72200000
},
"2024": {
"handle": 6925000000,
"ggr": 440000000,
"taxes": "estimated $66M+",
"year_over_year_growth": "23.9%"
},
"july_2025": {
"handle": 429300000,
"ggr": 45600000,
"hold_percentage": 10.6,
"taxes": 6800000
},
"ytd_2025": {
"handle": 4200000000,
"ggr": 369500000,
"taxes": 55300000,
"note": "Through July 2025"
},
"all_time_taxes": "Over $292M since 2021 launch",
"milestones": "11th state to exceed $1B in total GGR (reached May 2024)"
}
},
"technical_requirements": {
"geolocation": {
"required": true,
"applies_to": [
"Online sports betting"
],
"accuracy_standards": "Must be physically within Virginia",
"no_residency_requirement": true
},
"age_verification": {
"minimum_age": 21,
"verification_required": true,
"applies_to": [
"Sports betting",
"Casino gaming"
]
},
"payment_methods": {
"allowed": [
"ACH transfers",
"Credit cards",
"Debit cards",
"Wire transfers"
],
"approval": "Methods must be approved by Director"
}
},
"compliance_requirements": {
"prohibited_wagers": [
"Youth sports",
"College sports proposition bets",
"Betting on Virginia college sports (except multi-game events where VA team not specifically wagered on)"
],
"operator_requirements": [
"Maintain records of all bets and transactions",
"Detect and report suspicious betting activity",
"Issue tax forms to qualifying winners",
"Provide self-exclusion options",
"Display responsible gaming information",
"No marketing to self-excluded individuals",
"No cooperative marketing with alcohol licensees (with exceptions)"
],
"reporting": {
"frequency": "Monthly",
"content": "Revenue and expense reports to Virginia Lottery"
}
},
"responsible_gaming": {
"self_exclusion_program": {
"administrator": "Virginia Lottery",
"program_name": "Voluntary Exclusion Program (VEP)",
"duration_options": [
"2 years",
"5 years",
"Lifetime"
],
"coverage": [
"Sports betting (online and retail)",
"Casino gaming",
"Account-based lottery",
"Charitable gaming (OCRP)",
"Horse racing (Virginia Racing Commission)"
],
"enrollment_methods": {
"online": "2 and 5 year exclusions via DocuSign form",
"in_person": "Lifetime exclusions require appointment",
"phone": "804-692-7185 to schedule lifetime exclusion appointment",
"locations": [
"Lottery headquarters",
"Casino locations"
]
},
"process": {
"completion_time": "Up to 7 days for full implementation",
"automatic_removal": "After selected period expires",
"irrevocable": "Cannot be removed during exclusion period",
"extension": "Can contact Lottery to extend"
},
"consequences": [
"Cannot open betting accounts",
"Cannot deposit or place wagers",
"No marketing materials received",
"Winnings forfeited if wager placed while excluded",
"Forfeited winnings go to Problem Gambling Treatment Fund"
],
"multi_state_effect": "May extend to operator locations outside Virginia per operator policies"
},
"problem_gambling_resources": {
"virginia_helpline": {
"phone": "1-888-532-3500",
"services": "24/7 call, text, or chat",
"description": "Virginia Problem Gambling Helpline",
"confidential": true
},
"national_helpline": "1-800-GAMBLER",
"virginia_council_problem_gambling": {
"phone": "Confidential hotline available",
"services": "Resources, treatment referrals"
},
"gamblers_anonymous": "Regional fellowships available",
"gam_anon": "Support for families and friends"
},
"operator_tools": {
"required": [
"Deposit limits (daily, weekly, monthly)",
"Bet limits",
"Time limits",
"Self-exclusion links on platform",
"Account statistics (wins, losses, time, deposits)",
"Timeout/cool-off periods"
]
},
"advertising_requirements": {
"must_include": [
"Problem gambling helpline number",
"Links to responsible gaming resources",
"Identity of permit holder"
],
"must_not": [
"Target persons under 21",
"Be misleading",
"Market to self-excluded individuals"
]
},
"lottery_certification": "Certified by National Association of State and Provincial Lotteries (NASPL) Responsible Gaming Verification Program"
},
"enforcement_actions": {
"penalties": {
"types": [
"Fines",
"License suspension",
"License revocation"
],
"authority": "Virginia Lottery"
},
"recent_actions": [
{
"date": "2024-10",
"operator": "Betfred",
"action": "Ceased Virginia operations"
}
]
},
"market_data": {
"licensed_operators": {
"total": 12,
"online_operators": [
"FanDuel",
"DraftKings",
"BetMGM",
"Caesars",
"bet365",
"Fanatics",
"ESPN BET",
"Hard Rock Bet",
"BetRivers",
"Bally Bet",
"Sporttrade",
"Betr"
],
"market_leaders": {
"fanduel": "37.65% market share",
"draftkings": "30.41% market share"
}
},
"retail_casinos": {
"total": 5,
"locations": [
{
"name": "Hard Rock Bristol",
"location": "Bristol",
"june_2025_agr": 21400000
},
{
"name": "Caesars Virginia",
"location": "Danville",
"opened": "December 12, 2024",
"june_2025_agr": 30560000
},
{
"name": "Rivers Casino Portsmouth",
"location": "Portsmouth",
"june_2025_agr": 26500000
},
{
"name": "Casino in Richmond",
"location": "Richmond",
"status": "Operational"
},
{
"name": "Casino in Norfolk",
"location": "Norfolk",
"status": "Operational"
}
]
},
"market_characteristics": {
"launch_date": "January 22, 2021",
"model": "Online-first, retail casinos added later",
"online_dominant": "98% of wagers placed online",
"population": "Approximately 8.6 million",
"rank": "9th largest sports betting market nationally"
},
"betting_patterns": {
"most_popular_sports": [
"Football (85%)",
"Basketball",
"Hockey"
],
"seasonal_trends": "Summer slowdown, football season surge"
},
"online_casino": {
"status": "Not legal",
"debate": "Ongoing discussions in 2025 about legalization",
"outlook": "Lawmakers weighing benefits vs. gambling harm risks"
}
},
"contact_information": {
"regulator": "Virginia Lottery",
"website": "https://www.valottery.com",
"sports_betting_info": "https://www.valottery.com/aboutus/casinosandsportsbetting/sportsbetting",
"revenue_reports": "https://www.valottery.com/aboutus/casinosandsportsbetting/sportsbettingrevenue",
"self_exclusion": "https://www.valottery.com/playingmatters/voluntaryexclusionprogram",
"vep_phone": "804-692-7185",
"problem_gambling_helpline": "1-888-532-3500",
"responsible_gaming": "https://www.valottery.com/playingmatters/playresponsibly"
},
"notes": [
"Launched January 22, 2021 - relatively young market with strong growth",
"15% tax on AGR with promotional deductions allowed",
"12 licensed operators - maximum allowed by law",
"No casino partnership required (unlike many states)",
"2024: $6.925B handle (+23.9%), 9th largest market nationally",
"Over $292M in cumulative taxes since 2021",
"11th state to exceed $1B in total GGR",
"FanDuel and DraftKings dominate with 68% combined market share",
"98% of wagers placed online",
"Self-exclusion covers sports betting, casinos, lottery, charitable gaming, racing",
"Lifetime self-exclusion requires in-person appointment",
"Cannot bet on Virginia college sports (except multi-game tournaments)",
"College props prohibited statewide",
"Youth sports betting prohibited",
"Online casino gaming not legal but under debate",
"5 retail casinos operational with sports betting",
"Annual permit application period: May 15-30",
"Preferred consideration for major league franchises and minority-owned businesses",
"97.5% of taxes to General Fund, 2.5% to Problem Gambling Fund",
"Population 8.6M - rapidly growing market"
],
"sources": [
"Virginia Lottery official website (valottery.com)",
"Virginia Code Title 58.1, Chapters 40 & 41",
"RG.org Virginia statistics 2025",
"BetVirginia revenue reports",
"Virginia Lottery monthly reports",
"Covers industry reports 2025",
"ICLG Gambling Laws Report 2025 - Virginia",
"Virginia Administrative Code Title 11 Chapter 60"
]
}