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457,325 tools. Updated 2026-08-14 09:25

"Semantic Scholar" matching MCP tools:

  • Discover content franchises within a domain. Two modes: pass `tag` for a precise taxonomy match (every game tagged 'co-op'), or pass `query` for free-text SEMANTIC search powered by pgvector embeddings — finding franchises by meaning ('dark atmospheric games about isolation') even when no literal tag matches. Results are verifiable: tag mode carries tag confidence/corroboration, semantic mode carries a similarity score; both carry entity freshness. When to use: an agent wants a domain-scoped shortlist by tag or by intent. Inputs: a domain plus either a tag or a free-text query.
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  • Format scholarly identifiers into a finished citation in a specific style. Use when the user wants a paste-ready citation string for a manuscript, slide, message, footnote, or in-line reference. Style defaults to vancouver if unspecified; ask the user before defaulting if any ambiguity exists (e.g. 'Harvard' and 'Chicago' have multiple variants — confirm which one). Supports five hand-tuned builtins (vancouver, ama, apa, ieee, cse) plus any of 10,000+ CSL style IDs (chicago-author-date, harvard-cite-them-right, modern-language-association, nature, bmj, the-lancet, etc.). Alias and dependent-style resolution apply, so 'harvard' resolves to 'harvard-cite-them-right' and the canonical ID is reported back as styleUsed. Output defaults to text; pass output=html for marked-up HTML or output=json for structured CSL items. Accepts the same identifier formats as resolveIdentifier (DOI/PMID/PMCID/ISBN/arXiv/ISSN/ADS/WHO IRIS, prefixes tolerated), single or comma/newline-separated batch — one round trip per call. Returns: one of { text, html, items } depending on the output parameter, followed by a metadata block ({formatter: 'builtin' | 'csl', styleUsed, requestId, warnings?}) appended as a second text content item — surface this to the user when they care about reproducibility. Use resolveIdentifier instead when the user wants raw metadata to inspect or transform; use exportCitation when they want a downloadable bibliography file. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier.
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  • Export scholarly identifiers to a bibliography file format ready to write to disk or paste into a reference manager. Use when the user wants a file (.bib, .ris, .nbib, .xml, .rdf, .csv) for Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote, RefWorks, BibTeX/LaTeX, Pandoc, or Excel. Format parameter is required: bib (BibTeX — LaTeX), ris (RIS — most widely supported by reference managers), csl (CSL JSON — Pandoc/Quarto), endnote-xml, endnote-refer, refworks, medline (NBIB — PubMed round-trips, clinical workflows), zotero-rdf, csv (spreadsheet-friendly), or txt (plain-text bibliography rendered with the optional style parameter — txt is the only format that uses style; the others have their own structured shape and ignore it). Accepts the same identifier formats as resolveIdentifier (DOI/PMID/PMCID/ISBN/arXiv/ISSN/ADS/WHO IRIS, prefixes tolerated), single or comma/newline-separated batch — one round trip per call. Returns: { content: string, format: string } where content is the entire bibliography in the requested format as a single string — write it to a file (.bib/.ris/.nbib/etc.) or paste it directly into the target tool. Use formatCitation instead when the user wants in-line citation text (manuscript, slide); use resolveIdentifier when they want raw structured metadata. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier.
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  • Semantic search across the full corpus — every place dossier, corridor signal, meeting reading, and named-pattern brief. Returns results ranked by cosine similarity in a 1024-dimensional embedding space (Voyage AI 4 + Supabase pgvector). Use when the agent does not know the canonical entity slug or named-pattern title in advance — the search returns the readings whose semantic structure best matches the natural-language query, with type, title, similarity, and resolved URL per hit. Threshold 0.55, top 12.
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  • Get comprehensive RDF data for a DanNet synset (lexical concept). UNDERSTANDING THE DATA MODEL: Synsets are ontolex:LexicalConcept instances representing word meanings. They connect to words via ontolex:isEvokedBy and have rich semantic relations. KEY RELATIONSHIPS (by importance): 1. TAXONOMIC (most fundamental): - wn:hypernym → broader concept (e.g., "hund" → "pattedyr") - wn:hyponym → narrower concepts (e.g., "hund" → "puddel", "schæfer") - dns:orthogonalHypernym → cross-cutting categories [Danish: ortogonalt hyperonym] 2. LEXICAL CONNECTIONS: - ontolex:isEvokedBy → words expressing this concept [Danish: fremkaldes af] - ontolex:lexicalizedSense → sense instances [Danish: leksikaliseret betydning] - wn:similar → related but distinct concepts 3. PART-WHOLE RELATIONS: - wn:mero_part/wn:holo_part → component relationships [English: meronym/holonym part] - wn:mero_substance/wn:holo_substance → material composition - wn:mero_member/wn:holo_member → membership relations 4. SEMANTIC PROPERTIES: - dns:ontologicalType → semantic classification with @set array of dnc: types Common types: dnc:Animal, dnc:Human, dnc:Object, dnc:Physical, dnc:Dynamic (events/actions), dnc:Static (states) - dns:sentiment → emotional polarity with marl:hasPolarity and marl:polarityValue - wn:lexfile → semantic domain (e.g., "noun.food", "verb.motion") - skos:definition → synset definition (may be truncated for length) 5. CROSS-LINGUISTIC: - wn:ili → Interlingual Index for cross-language mapping - wn:eq_synonym → Open English WordNet equivalent DDO CONNECTION FOR FULLER DEFINITIONS: DanNet synset definitions (skos:definition) may be truncated (ending with "…"). For complete definitions, use the fetch_ddo_definition() tool which automatically retrieves full DDO text, or manually examine sense source URLs via get_sense_info(). NAVIGATION TIPS: - Follow wn:hypernym chains to find semantic categories - Check dns:inherited for properties from parent synsets - Use parse_resource_id() on URI references to get clean IDs - For fuller definitions, examine individual sense source URLs via get_sense_info() Args: synset_id: Synset identifier (e.g., "synset-1876" or just "1876") Returns: Dict containing JSON-LD format with: - @context → namespace mappings - @id → entity identifier (e.g., "dn:synset-1876") - @type → "ontolex:LexicalConcept" - All RDF properties with namespace prefixes (e.g., wn:hypernym) - dns:ontologicalType → {"@set": ["dnc:Animal", ...]} (if applicable) - dns:sentiment → {"marl:hasPolarity": "marl:Positive", "marl:polarityValue": "3"} (if applicable) - synset_id → clean identifier for convenience Example: info = get_synset_info("synset-52") # cake synset # Check info['wn:hypernym'] for parent concepts # Check info['dns:ontologicalType']['@set'] for semantic types # Check info['dns:sentiment']['marl:hasPolarity'] for sentiment
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  • Discover content franchises within a domain. Two modes: pass `tag` for a precise taxonomy match (every game tagged 'co-op'), or pass `query` for free-text SEMANTIC search powered by pgvector embeddings — finding franchises by meaning ('dark atmospheric games about isolation') even when no literal tag matches. Results are verifiable: tag mode carries tag confidence/corroboration, semantic mode carries a similarity score; both carry entity freshness. When to use: an agent wants a domain-scoped shortlist by tag or by intent. Inputs: a domain plus either a tag or a free-text query.
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  • Search Google Scholar for academic papers, citations, and author profiles.

  • Catch AI-fabricated citations (real DOI + fake title). Retraction, open-access, 10,000+ CSL styles.

  • Format scholarly identifiers into a finished citation in a specific style. Use when the user wants a paste-ready citation string for a manuscript, slide, message, footnote, or in-line reference. Style defaults to vancouver if unspecified; ask the user before defaulting if any ambiguity exists (e.g. 'Harvard' and 'Chicago' have multiple variants — confirm which one). Supports five hand-tuned builtins (vancouver, ama, apa, ieee, cse) plus any of 10,000+ CSL style IDs (chicago-author-date, harvard-cite-them-right, modern-language-association, nature, bmj, the-lancet, etc.). Alias and dependent-style resolution apply, so 'harvard' resolves to 'harvard-cite-them-right' and the canonical ID is reported back as styleUsed. Output defaults to text; pass output=html for marked-up HTML or output=json for structured CSL items. Accepts the same identifier formats as resolveIdentifier (DOI/PMID/PMCID/ISBN/arXiv/ISSN/ADS/WHO IRIS, prefixes tolerated), single or comma/newline-separated batch — one round trip per call. Returns: one of { text, html, items } depending on the output parameter, followed by a metadata block ({formatter: 'builtin' | 'csl', styleUsed, requestId, warnings?}) appended as a second text content item — surface this to the user when they care about reproducibility. Use resolveIdentifier instead when the user wants raw metadata to inspect or transform; use exportCitation when they want a downloadable bibliography file. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier.
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  • Check whether a single scholarly work has been retracted, corrected, or had an expression of concern raised. Use when the user asks 'has this paper been retracted?' or wants to verify a paper's standing before citing it (clinical, regulatory, evidence-synthesis contexts). For multi-paper bibliography audits (clinical guidelines, systematic reviews), loop one call per identifier — the tool intentionally rejects batch input to keep retraction-status results unambiguous per work. Sourced from Crossref `updated-by` (which mirrors Retraction Watch). Resolves DOI/PMID/PMCID/arXiv/ADS inputs to a DOI before lookup; ISBN inputs always return doi=null and reason='no_doi' since books are not in the retraction graph. Single identifier per call — does NOT accept comma/newline batches; loop one call per identifier for multiple papers. Returns: { doi, resolvedFrom?, reason?, result } where result has isRetracted, hasCorrections, hasConcern (booleans), notices (array of {type, label, doi, date, source} where type is a raw Crossref update type such as 'retraction', 'correction', 'erratum' or 'expression_of_concern'), and title; result is null when no DOI could be resolved and reason explains why ('no_doi'). No sibling tool overlaps this — resolveIdentifier returns metadata but not retraction status. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier; Crossref is queried server-side with its own caching.
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  • Check whether a single scholarly work is openly accessible and where to find the best legal version. Use when the user asks 'is this open access?', 'where can I read this for free?', or wants the OA license/version before reusing or redistributing. Sourced from Unpaywall. Resolves DOI/PMID/PMCID/arXiv/ISBN/ADS inputs to a DOI before lookup; inputs that don't map to a DOI return doi=null and reason='no_doi'. Single identifier per call — does NOT accept comma/newline batches; loop one call per identifier for multiple papers. Returns: { doi, resolvedFrom?, reason?, result } where result has isOa (boolean), oaStatus ('gold' | 'green' | 'hybrid' | 'bronze' | 'closed'), title, bestLocation ({url, hostType: 'publisher' | 'repository', license, version: 'submittedVersion' | 'acceptedVersion' | 'publishedVersion'} or null), and locations (array of the same shape); result is null when no DOI could be resolved and reason explains why ('no_doi'). No sibling tool overlaps this — resolveIdentifier returns metadata but not OA status. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier; Unpaywall is queried server-side with its own caching.
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  • Find literal occurrences of an exact string in the corpus — article numbers, regulation ids, precise wording (e.g. "Article 8(3)", "2024/1781"). Complements semantic `search`: use this when you need the exact string, not the concept. Returns one match per (file, page) with an occurrence count and a text snippet; read the full page with `fetch`. Scans the literal chunk text of both indexes the semantic search serves (the two chunkings differ, so some passages exist in only one); the synthetic contextual enrichment is NOT scanned — it is not document text.
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  • Resolve scholarly identifiers to structured CSL JSON metadata (title, authors, journal, year, identifiers). Use when the user wants raw bibliographic data to inspect, transform, or feed into another tool — not a formatted citation. Common single-shot conversions: PMID → PMCID, arXiv → DOI, ISBN → CSL JSON, WHO IRIS URL → structured metadata. Accepts DOI, PMID, PMCID, ISBN, arXiv ID, ISSN, NASA ADS bibcode, or WHO IRIS URL, with or without prefixes (PMID:, arXiv:, ISBN hyphens, https://doi.org/...). Pass a single identifier or a comma/newline-separated batch — one round trip per call. Returns: a JSON array of CSL items, each with id, type, title, author[], issued.date-parts, container-title, DOI/PMID/PMCID/ISBN/ISSN/URL when available. Use formatCitation instead when the user wants a finished citation string in a specific style; use exportCitation when they want a downloadable bibliography file. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier; the underlying REST API caches repeated identical requests and surfaces cache state in the x-scholar-cache response header.
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  • Export scholarly identifiers to a bibliography file format ready to write to disk or paste into a reference manager. Use when the user wants a file (.bib, .ris, .nbib, .xml, .rdf, .csv) for Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote, RefWorks, BibTeX/LaTeX, Pandoc, or Excel. Format parameter is required: bib (BibTeX — LaTeX), ris (RIS — most widely supported by reference managers), csl (CSL JSON — Pandoc/Quarto), endnote-xml, endnote-refer, refworks, medline (NBIB — PubMed round-trips, clinical workflows), zotero-rdf, csv (spreadsheet-friendly), or txt (plain-text bibliography rendered with the optional style parameter — txt is the only format that uses style; the others have their own structured shape and ignore it). Accepts the same identifier formats as resolveIdentifier (DOI/PMID/PMCID/ISBN/arXiv/ISSN/ADS/WHO IRIS, prefixes tolerated), single or comma/newline-separated batch — one round trip per call. Returns: { content: string, format: string } where content is the entire bibliography in the requested format as a single string — write it to a file (.bib/.ris/.nbib/etc.) or paste it directly into the target tool. Use formatCitation instead when the user wants in-line citation text (manuscript, slide); use resolveIdentifier when they want raw structured metadata. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier.
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  • Resolve scholarly identifiers to structured CSL JSON metadata (title, authors, journal, year, identifiers). Use when the user wants raw bibliographic data to inspect, transform, or feed into another tool — not a formatted citation. Common single-shot conversions: PMID → PMCID, arXiv → DOI, ISBN → CSL JSON, WHO IRIS URL → structured metadata. Accepts DOI, PMID, PMCID, ISBN, arXiv ID, ISSN, NASA ADS bibcode, or WHO IRIS URL, with or without prefixes (PMID:, arXiv:, ISBN hyphens, https://doi.org/...). Pass a single identifier or a comma/newline-separated batch — one round trip per call. Returns: a JSON array of CSL items, each with id, type, title, author[], issued.date-parts, container-title, DOI/PMID/PMCID/ISBN/ISSN/URL when available. Use formatCitation instead when the user wants a finished citation string in a specific style; use exportCitation when they want a downloadable bibliography file. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier; the underlying REST API caches repeated identical requests and surfaces cache state in the x-scholar-cache response header.
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  • Semantic web search powered by Exa. Returns titles, URLs, and the top query-relevant excerpt per result. Compact text by default; pass format='json' for full structured data incl. all excerpts per result. Use glim_web_fetch(url) for full page content. Matching is semantic, so a query with no real match still returns ten nearest-neighbour results rather than zero - judge relevance from the excerpts, not from the result count.
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  • Check whether a single scholarly work is openly accessible and where to find the best legal version. Use when the user asks 'is this open access?', 'where can I read this for free?', or wants the OA license/version before reusing or redistributing. Sourced from Unpaywall. Resolves DOI/PMID/PMCID/arXiv/ISBN/ADS inputs to a DOI before lookup; inputs that don't map to a DOI return doi=null and reason='no_doi'. Single identifier per call — does NOT accept comma/newline batches; loop one call per identifier for multiple papers. Returns: { doi, resolvedFrom?, reason?, result } where result has isOa (boolean), oaStatus ('gold' | 'green' | 'hybrid' | 'bronze' | 'closed'), title, bestLocation ({url, hostType: 'publisher' | 'repository', license, version: 'submittedVersion' | 'acceptedVersion' | 'publishedVersion'} or null), and locations (array of the same shape); result is null when no DOI could be resolved and reason explains why ('no_doi'). No sibling tool overlaps this — resolveIdentifier returns metadata but not OA status. Read-only and idempotent — safe to retry. Works anonymously against the public Scholar Sidekick API (rate-limited free tier); set SCHOLAR_API_KEY (a free ssk_ key from https://scholar-sidekick.com/account) for higher limits, or RAPIDAPI_KEY for paid RapidAPI tiers. Rate limits follow your tier; Unpaywall is queried server-side with its own caching.
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  • Get synsets (word meanings) for a Danish word, returning a sorted list of lexical concepts. DanNet follows the OntoLex-Lemon model where: - Words (ontolex:LexicalEntry) evoke concepts through senses - Synsets (ontolex:LexicalConcept) represent units of meaning - Multiple words can share the same synset (synonyms) - One word can have multiple synsets (polysemy) This function returns all synsets associated with a word, effectively giving you all the different meanings/senses that word can have. Each synset represents a distinct semantic concept with its own definition and semantic relationships. Common patterns in Danish: - Nouns often have multiple senses (e.g., "kage" = cake/lump) - Verbs distinguish motion vs. state (e.g., "løbe" = run/flow) - Check synset's dns:ontologicalType for semantic classification DDO CONNECTION AND SYNSET LABELS: Synset labels are compositions of DDO-derived sense labels, showing all words that express the same meaning. For example: - "{hund_1§1; køter_§1; vovhund_§1; vovse_§1}" = all words meaning "domestic dog" - "{forlygte_§2; babs_§1; bryst_§2; patte_1§1a}" = all words meaning "female breast" Each individual sense label follows DDO structure: - "hund_1§1" = word "hund", entry 1, definition 1 in DDO (ordnet.dk) - "patte_1§1a" = word "patte", entry 1, definition 1, subdefinition a - The § notation connects directly to DDO's definition numbering system This composition reveals the semantic relationships between Danish words and their shared meanings, all traceable back to authoritative DDO lexicographic data. RETURN BEHAVIOR: This function has two possible return modes depending on search results: 1. MULTIPLE RESULTS: Returns List[SearchResult] with basic information for each synset 2. SINGLE RESULT (redirect): Returns full synset data Dict when DanNet automatically redirects to a single synset. This provides immediate access to all semantic relationships, ontological types, sentiment data, and other rich information without requiring a separate get_synset_info() call. The single-result case is equivalent to calling get_synset_info() on the synset, providing the same comprehensive RDF data structure with all semantic relations. Args: query: The Danish word or phrase to search for language: Language for labels and definitions in results (default: "da" for Danish, "en" for English when available) Note: Only Danish words can be searched regardless of this parameter Returns: MULTIPLE RESULTS: List of SearchResult objects with: - word: The lexical form - synset_id: Unique synset identifier (format: synset-NNNNN) - label: Human-readable synset label (e.g., "{kage_1§1}") - definition: Brief semantic definition (may be truncated with "...") SINGLE RESULT: Dict with complete synset data including: - All RDF properties with namespace prefixes (e.g., wn:hypernym) - dns:ontologicalType → semantic types with @set array - dns:sentiment → parsed sentiment (if present) - synset_id → clean identifier for convenience - All semantic relationships and linguistic properties Examples: # Multiple results case results = get_word_synsets("hund") # Returns list of search result dictionaries for all meanings of "hund" # => [{"word": "hund", "synset_id": "synset-3047", ...}, ...] # Single result case (redirect) result = get_word_synsets("svinkeærinde") # Returns complete synset data for unique word # => {'wn:hypernym': 'dn:synset-11677', 'dns:sentiment': {...}, ...}
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  • Search documentation with hybrid semantic (vector) and keyword (BM25) search. Use semanticWeight to choose keyword-only (0), semantic-only (1), or a blend; mid values fuse rankings with RRF. Supports Tiger Cloud (TimescaleDB), PostgreSQL, and PostGIS.
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  • Find papers that CITE a given article — forward citation search. Pass one PMID; returns citing papers (most recent first) with full citation metadata. Use for "who cited this", "has this finding been replicated or challenged", or tracking a paper's downstream impact. NOTE: coverage is the PubMed Central citation graph (open-access + participating publishers), so the count is a FLOOR, not the paper's total citation count (for that, a tool like Semantic Scholar / OpenAlex covers more). Distinct from get_related_articles (similar papers, not citing papers).
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  • Word-overlap based hallucination check: verifies if an LLM answer's words and numbers appear in the provided source/context. Fast, deterministic, no API key needed. Limitations: not semantic — does not understand synonyms or paraphrases. For true semantic grounding, use run_semantic_tests with embedding mode. Essential for quick RAG accuracy testing.
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  • Compare multiple LLM responses to the same prompt and detect inconsistencies using Jaccard word-overlap similarity and fact drift (number comparison). Fast, deterministic, no API key needed. Limitations: relies on surface-level word matching — "Paris is the capital of France" vs "Paris is the French capital" may score low despite semantic equivalence. For true semantic consistency, use run_semantic_tests with embedding mode. Essential for determinism testing.
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