Search ANNO, the Austrian National Library's historical newspaper archive.

Covers roughly 28 million pages from over 1,600 Austrian newspaper and magazine titles, 1735 to the present, overwhelmingly German-language. Over 91% of holdings are full-text searchable.

Results resolve to an ISSUE, not a page. Use get_snippets with a returned identifier to find which page a term appears on.

Args: query: Text to search in OCR content. - Bare words are ANDed: "Hanussen Hellseher" needs both - Exact phrases: '"Erik Jan Hanussen"' - AND / OR / NOT, which MUST BE UPPERCASE - Trailing wildcard: "Hanuss*" page: Page number for pagination, 1-indexed (default: 1). ANNO fixes the page size at 10 results and offers no way to raise it. sort: Result ordering — "relevance" (default), "date_asc" or "date_desc". ANNO's totals are true match counts rather than a relevance tail, so date ordering is safe on any query you mean to sweep.

Returns: Dictionary containing: - page: Current page number - total_results: True count of matching issues - total_pages: Total number of pages available - documents: List of issues with: - identifier: Document id, e.g. ANNO_dmo19330626 - title: Issue title with its date - date: ISO date for newspapers, None for periodicals - year: Year of publication - type: Zeitung (newspaper) or Zeitschrift (periodical) - is_periodical: True when OCR download is unavailable - places, languages: Publication place and language - page_count: Pages in the issue - hits_in_document: Occurrences of the query in the issue - url: Stable citation URL

Examples: search_anno(query="Hanussen") search_anno(query='"Erik Jan Hanussen"') search_anno(query="Hellseher OR Gedankenleser") search_anno(query="Hanuss*")

Find which pages of one ANNO issue a query appears on, with context.

This is the cheap triage step and the reason ANNO is worth using: a hit resolves to a page with the matched terms in context, so a false positive can be rejected without downloading anything. It also works for periodicals, whose OCR text cannot be downloaded at all.

Args: identifier: Document id from a search result, e.g. "ANNO_dmo19330626" query: Terms to locate within the issue

Returns: Dictionary containing: - identifier: The document id - query: The query used - snippets: List of occurrences with: - page: Page number the occurrence sits on - page_label: Page label as printed - text: Snippet with matched terms in {braces} - url: Stable citation URL for that exact page - image_url: IIIF crop of the matched region

Note: ANNO returns at most 10 snippets per issue however many hits it reports, so a heavily-covered issue shows a sample rather than every occurrence.

Examples: get_snippets("ANNO_dmo19330626", "Hanussen") get_snippets("ANNO_wsb18840309", "Cumberland")

Download OCR plain text for an ANNO newspaper issue and cache it locally.

Args: identifier: Document id, e.g. "ANNO_dmo19330626" page: Single page to fetch. Omit for the whole issue.

Returns: Path to the cached text file (as string)

IMPORTANT: ANNO serves text one page at a time, so a whole issue costs one request per page — a 104-page issue is 104 paced requests. Pass page whenever get_snippets has already told you which page you want.

Periodicals (identifiers starting ANNOP_) have no text endpoint at all
and will raise. Use get_snippets for those.

Example: path = download_text("ANNO_dmo19330626", page=7)