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Oracle Database MCP Server

by monsterygy

Oracle Database MCP Server — Production Edition

A production-grade Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for Oracle database interaction, providing 11 tools for full CRUD, transactions, execution plans, and comprehensive safety guardrails.

npx ready — No clone, no build. Just npx gy-oracle-database-mcp-server and you're connected.

Features

11 Tools

Tool

Purpose

Read/Write

Safety

db_health_check

Verify driver & connection diagnostics

Read

db_list_tns

Parse tnsnames.ora aliases

Read

db_list_tables

List all tables (optional schema filter)

Read

db_describe_table

Get column schema of a table

Read

db_query

Execute read-only SQL (SELECT/WITH)

Read

Read-only enforced

db_explain_plan

Preview execution plan without running

Read

db_insert

Insert a record (with dry_run)

Write

Identifier validation

db_update

Update records matching WHERE (with dry_run)

Write

Safety row cap

db_delete

Delete records matching WHERE (with dry_run)

Write

Safety row cap

db_transaction

Multi-step atomic transaction

Write

All-or-nothing

db_session_info

Current session/privilege info

Read

Production-Grade Features

  • Centralized config validation — Fails fast on missing env vars at startup

  • Structured logging — Request IDs, log levels (DEBUG/INFO/WARN/ERROR), JSON or text format

  • Custom error types — ConnectionError, QueryError, ValidationError, TimeoutError, RateLimitError, AccessDeniedError with error codes

  • Rate limiting — Sliding window, configurable per-minute cap

  • Connection retry — Exponential backoff for transient failures (ORA-03113, TNS errors)

  • Pool resilience — Health check, dead connection detection, automatic reinitialization

  • Table whitelist/blacklist — Configurable table-level access control

  • Read-only mode — Optional flag to block all DML operations

  • DML safety cap — Pre-counts matching rows, refuses if exceeding DML_MAX_ROWS

  • Dry-run mode — Preview generated SQL without executing for INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE

  • Oracle type conversion — DATE, TIMESTAMP, CLOB, BLOB → JSON-serializable values

  • SQL injection prevention — Parameterized binds, identifier validation, multi-statement blocking

  • Unit tested — 42 tests covering all security boundary functions


Related MCP server: MCP Oracle Server

Quick Start (npx — zero setup)

npx gy-oracle-database-mcp-server

That's it. npx automatically downloads, builds, and runs the server. Pass Oracle credentials via environment variables:

ORACLE_USER=hr \
ORACLE_PASSWORD=yourpass \
ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1 \
npx gy-oracle-database-mcp-server

Option B: Global install

npm install -g gy-oracle-database-mcp-server
gy-oracle-mcp-server

Option C: Clone & build (for development)

git clone https://github.com/monsterygy/oracle-mcp-server.git
cd oracle-mcp-server
npm install
npm run build
npm start

Integrate with MCP Clients

WorkBuddy / ccswitch (npx — no local files needed)

Add to ~/.workbuddy/mcp.json (or your client's MCP config):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "oracle-db": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "gy-oracle-database-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ORACLE_USER": "hr",
        "ORACLE_PASSWORD": "yourpass",
        "ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING": "localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1",
        "LOG_LEVEL": "INFO",
        "DML_MAX_ROWS": "1000"
      }
    }
  }
}

After saving, open the connector management page and click Trust to enable.

Claude Desktop

Add to claude_desktop_config.json (macOS: ~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "oracle-db": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "gy-oracle-database-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ORACLE_USER": "hr",
        "ORACLE_PASSWORD": "yourpass",
        "ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING": "localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1"
      }
    }
  }
}

Cursor / VS Code (with MCP support)

Add to .cursor/mcp.json or VS Code MCP settings:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "oracle-db": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "gy-oracle-database-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ORACLE_USER": "hr",
        "ORACLE_PASSWORD": "yourpass",
        "ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING": "localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1"
      }
    }
  }
}

Local build path (alternative to npx)

If you've cloned and built locally:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "oracle-db": {
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/absolute/path/to/oracle-mcp-server/dist/index.js"],
      "env": {
        "ORACLE_USER": "hr",
        "ORACLE_PASSWORD": "yourpass",
        "ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING": "localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1"
      }
    }
  }
}

Debug with MCP Inspector

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector npx gy-oracle-database-mcp-server

Or with a local clone:

npm run inspector

Configuration

All configuration is managed via environment variables. See .env.example for the full list.

Minimum Required

ORACLE_USER=hr
ORACLE_PASSWORD=your_password
ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1

Connection Methods

Method 1: EZ Connect (simplest)

ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1

Method 2: TNS Alias

ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=ORCLPDB1
TNS_ADMIN=/path/to/oracle/network/admin

Method 3: Full TNS Descriptor

ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ORCLPDB1)))

Driver Modes

Mode

Requirement

Use When

Thin (default)

None (pure JS)

Oracle 12.1+

Thick

Oracle Instant Client

Oracle 11g, advanced features

To use thick mode:

ORACLE_CLIENT_DIR=/path/to/instantclient_19_22

Safety Configuration

# Query limits
QUERY_MAX_ROWS=500           # Max rows returned by db_query
QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS=10000       # Query timeout in ms
DML_MAX_ROWS=1000            # Max rows DML can affect (safety cap)

# Access control
ALLOWED_TABLES=USERS,ORDERS # Whitelist (comma-separated, uppercase)
BLOCKED_TABLES=AUDIT_LOG    # Blacklist
READ_ONLY_MODE=false        # Block all DML if true

# Rate limiting
RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED=true
RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE=60

# Logging
LOG_LEVEL=INFO               # DEBUG | INFO | WARN | ERROR | NONE
LOG_JSON=false              # JSON-structured logs if true

Docker

Quick Start with Oracle XE

docker-compose up -d

This starts:

  • Oracle XE 21c (gvenzl/oracle-xe:21-slim) on port 1521

  • MCP server connected to the Oracle XE instance

Custom Oracle Instance

docker build -t oracle-mcp-server .
docker run -i --rm \
  -e ORACLE_USER=hr \
  -e ORACLE_PASSWORD=yourpass \
  -e ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=your-host:1521/your-service \
  oracle-mcp-server

Security Architecture

Request → [Rate Limiter] → [Zod Input Validation] → [Identifier Validation]
  → [Table Whitelist/Blacklist] → [Read-Only Check (for DML)]
  → [DML Safety Cap (pre-count)] → [Bind Variables (:1, :2)]
  → [Query Timeout] → [Row Limit (FETCH FIRST)] → Oracle DB

Security Layer

Implementation

Defends Against

Zod schema validation

.strict() + constraints

Invalid input, missing params

Identifier regex

^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]{0,127}$

SQL injection via table/column names

Table whitelist/blacklist

ALLOWED_TABLES / BLOCKED_TABLES

Unauthorized table access

Read-only enforcement

Regex check for SELECT/WITH only

DML/DDL in db_query

Multi-statement blocking

Semicolon detection

Statement injection

Parameterized binds

:1, :2 / named binds

SQL injection in values

DML safety cap

Pre-count + DML_MAX_ROWS

Mass UPDATE/DELETE

Query timeout

Promise.race with timer

Slow queries

Row limit

FETCH FIRST n ROWS ONLY

Result set overflow

Rate limiting

Sliding window

Abuse / DoS

Development

# Run in dev mode with auto-reload
npm run dev

# Lint
npm run lint

Testing

Three layers of testing are provided:

1. Unit Tests (42 tests, no DB needed)

Tests pure security functions: isReadOnlyQuery, validateIdentifier, applyRowLimit, isTableAllowed, parseTnsAliasesContent.

npm test                    # Run all unit tests
npm run test:watch         # Watch mode (re-runs on file change)
npm run test:coverage       # With coverage report

2. Offline Protocol Tests (15 tests, no DB needed)

Tests the full MCP JSON-RPC handshake, tool listing, and safety guardrails (SQL injection rejection, input validation, dry-run mode) — all without an Oracle database.

npm run test:offline

This launches the MCP server with fake credentials and verifies:

  • JSON-RPC initialize handshake succeeds

  • tools/list returns all 11 tools with inputSchema

  • db_query rejects INSERT/DROP/multi-statement injection

  • db_insert rejects SQL-injected column names

  • db_update/db_delete reject missing WHERE clauses

  • db_insert dry-run returns SQL without executing

  • db_query rejects max_rows > 500 (Zod validation)

  • db_health_check returns structured diagnostics even on connection failure

3. End-to-End Tests (requires Oracle DB)

Sends real JSON-RPC tool calls to the MCP server connected to your Oracle database.

# Set env vars first
export ORACLE_USER=hr
export ORACLE_PASSWORD=yourpass
export ORACLE_CONNECT_STRING=localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1

# Run full e2e test suite
npm run test:e2e

# Or test a single tool
node scripts/test-mcp.mjs db_health_check
node scripts/test-mcp.mjs db_list_tables
node scripts/test-mcp.mjs db_query "SELECT * FROM dual"

# Or just list all available tools
node scripts/test-mcp.mjs list

4. MCP Inspector (interactive GUI)

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector npx gy-oracle-database-mcp-server

Opens a web UI at http://localhost:5173 where you can:

  • View all 11 tool schemas

  • Call any tool with custom parameters

  • See raw JSON-RPC request/response

  • Debug connection issues

Project Structure

oracle-mcp-server/
├── src/
│   ├── config.ts          # Centralized config validation
│   ├── logger.ts          # Structured logging with request IDs
│   ├── errors.ts          # Custom error types with codes
│   ├── rateLimiter.ts     # Sliding window rate limiter
│   ├── security.ts        # Pure security functions (unit-tested)
│   ├── db.ts              # Oracle connection pool & query execution
│   ├── index.ts           # MCP server & tool registration
│   └── __tests__/
│       └── security.test.ts  # 42 unit tests
├── scripts/
│   ├── test-offline.mjs   # 15 offline protocol tests (no DB)
│   └── test-mcp.mjs       # End-to-end tests (requires DB)
├── Dockerfile             # Multi-stage build
├── docker-compose.yml    # Oracle XE + MCP server
├── .eslintrc.json        # Code quality rules
├── .env.example          # Configuration template
└── package.json

Publishing (for maintainers)

npm run build
npm publish

The prepublishOnly script automatically runs clean → build → test → test:offline before publishing.

License

MIT

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