MCP Task Orchestrator

Server-enforced workflow discipline for AI agents.

Prompt-based frameworks hope the LLM follows instructions. This one blocks the call if it doesn't.

Task Orchestrator is an MCP server that gives AI coding agents a persistent work item graph with quality gates enforced by the server, not the prompt. It is built for developers running multi-agent or multi-session coding workflows: an orchestrator dispatching sub-agents, a fresh session picking up yesterday's work, or an autonomous loop draining a backlog. It ships as a Docker image, works with any MCP client, and has an optional Claude Code plugin that adds skills and hooks on top.

New here? Start with the illustrated field guide. It explains the ideas on this page in short visual pages, several of them interactive: fire triggers at a phase gate, click a work breakdown through its dependencies, and watch a schema resolve.

The Problem

Multi-agent workflows need infrastructure the model doesn't provide. When an orchestrator dispatches sub-agents across sessions, there's no built-in way to enforce what documentation must exist before work starts, track which agent made which change, or guarantee dependency ordering across a work breakdown. These are structural concerns — they belong in the server, not in prompts.

Task Orchestrator puts them in the server. If a required design note isn't filled, advance returns an error naming the missing note. If an upstream dependency isn't complete, the transition is blocked. Every transition and note records who made it. A new session recovers the full state in one call instead of replaying a conversation. And the rules are YAML config, not hardcoded prompts - change them without changing code.

Related MCP server: scope-guard-mcp

What It Looks Like

Morning — new session, new agent, zero context:

Agent: items_read(select="context")
       → 2 items in work, 1 blocked, 1 stalled (missing implementation-notes)
Agent: items_read(select="history", since="2026-01-14T17:00:00Z")
       → Recent transitions show orchestrator-1 dispatched 3 sub-agents yesterday

Agent: advance(ops=[{ op: "transition", itemId: "a3f28c01", trigger: "start" }])
       -> gate_blocked: "Item a3f28c01-... is missing 1 required notes." (detail.missing: requirements)

Agent: notes_write(ops=[{ op: "upsert", itemId: "a3f28c01", key: "requirements", role: "queue",
         body: "Validate email format, enforce password complexity..." }])
       -> results[0]: { ok: true, id: "...", version: 1, created: true }

Agent: advance(ops=[{ op: "transition", itemId: "a3f28c01", trigger: "start" }])
       → queue → work. Caller recorded. No context rebuilding.

Quick Start

Prerequisite: Docker installed and running.

1. Register the server

The simplest setup is a per-session STDIO container: no port, no daemon, no REST API. Add it to your project's .mcp.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-task-orchestrator": {
      "command": "docker",
      "args": [
        "run", "--rm", "-i",
        "-v", "mcp-task-data:/app/data",
        "ghcr.io/jpicklyk/task-orchestrator:latest"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Claude Code users can register the same shape from the CLI instead:

claude mcp add-json mcp-task-orchestrator '{
  "command": "docker",
  "args": ["run", "--rm", "-i", "-v", "mcp-task-data:/app/data", "ghcr.io/jpicklyk/task-orchestrator:latest"]
}'

Restart your client. The server creates its SQLite database on first run. Without a config file every tool works in schema-free mode: no gates, no required notes. Add schemas when you want enforcement.

2. Enable workflow schemas

Create .taskorchestrator/config.yaml in your project (see Workflow Enforcement for an example, or use the plugin's /task-orchestrator:manage-schemas skill) and mount that folder into the container:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-task-orchestrator": {
      "command": "docker",
      "args": [
        "run", "--rm", "-i",
        "-v", "mcp-task-data:/app/data",
        "-v", "/absolute/path/to/your/project/.taskorchestrator:/project/.taskorchestrator:ro",
        "-e", "AGENT_CONFIG_DIR=/project",
        "ghcr.io/jpicklyk/task-orchestrator:latest"
      ]
    }
  }
}

At every start the server imports the mounted file into its database (the server-config-import boot step) and then serves the stored copy; editing the file takes effect on the next restart. If several containers share one data volume but mount different files, the last one to boot wins; use step 3 for multi-project setups.

Use an absolute host path. Claude Code's .mcp.json expands only environment variables (${VAR} and ${VAR:-default}), so editor-style placeholders such as ${workspaceFolder} are not substituted. Only the .taskorchestrator/ folder is exposed; the server has no access to the rest of your project.

3. Multi-project setup (HTTP + config-sync)

If you work across several repositories, run one persistent server with the REST API enabled. Each project's .taskorchestrator/config.yaml then syncs into it automatically through the plugin's config-sync hook: no per-project container, no manual mount, and config changes hot-reload without a restart. The plugin's /task-orchestrator:configure-server skill renders this setup interactively; the manual equivalent is:

docker pull ghcr.io/jpicklyk/task-orchestrator:latest

docker run -d --name mcp-task-orchestrator-http --restart unless-stopped \
  -v mcp-task-data:/app/data \
  -e MCP_TRANSPORT=http -e API_ENABLED=true -e API_AUTH_MODE=none -e API_ALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED=true \
  -p 127.0.0.1:3001:3001 \
  ghcr.io/jpicklyk/task-orchestrator:latest

Register it in .mcp.json using the HTTP shape:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-task-orchestrator": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "http://localhost:3001/mcp"
    }
  }
}

And, optionally, export the client-side variable that tells config-sync where the server is (config-sync also reads the origin of a loopback http mcp-task-orchestrator registration in .mcp.json; with neither, it silently does nothing):

export TASK_ORCHESTRATOR_API_URL=http://localhost:3001

Alternatively, a client.json (apiUrl only, no token) supplies the URL. Project-mode /task-orchestrator:init writes it beside the project config, only for a loopback server and only as a bare origin with no path, query or fragment (add .taskorchestrator/client.json to .gitignore, the URL is machine-specific); /task-orchestrator:init --user writes the user-level file, which works for any host. The order is the environment variable, then the project-level file, then the origin of the orchestrator's http(s) MCP registration (local, then project, then user scope; a project .mcp.json origin must be loopback), then the user-level file. /task-orchestrator:init sets up a project root for the current directory, and /task-orchestrator:init --user creates a personal root that serves every directory without its own config.

SECURITY: unauthenticated mode (REST and /mcp alike) means anyone who can reach the port has full read/write/delete access, as the single local principal. This is only safe because the port is published loopback-only (-p 127.0.0.1:3001:3001). Never publish it on 0.0.0.0 or a wider interface. For shared or networked deployments use bearer tokens or JWKS auth — see Fleet Deployment.

Prefer to run without Docker? CONTRIBUTING.md covers building the fat JAR from source.

Core Capabilities

The Phase Model

Every work item has a role: queue (not started), work (in progress), review (optional, opt-in per schema), blocked (an upstream dependency is unmet), and terminal (done or cancelled). Each role maps to one or more configurable statuses. Agents move items with the advance tool's transition op rather than editing status directly, and that call is where every gate is checked. Schemas attach note requirements to roles: a note declared with role: queue must exist before the item can leave the queue phase.

Illustrated: Phase Gates draws the roles and triggers as a track and includes a gate simulator.

Workflow Enforcement

Schemas define what agents must produce at each phase, and the server blocks progression until it's done. They also set a planning floor: when an agent enters plan mode, the schema tells it what documentation must exist before implementation can start, shaping the plan itself.

# .taskorchestrator/config.yaml
work_item_schemas:
  feature-task:
    notes:
      - key: requirements
        role: queue
        required: true
        description: "Acceptance criteria before starting"
        guidance: "Cover: problem statement, acceptance criteria, alternatives considered, test strategy."
        skill: "spec-quality"
      - key: implementation-notes
        role: work
        required: true
        description: "What was built and why"

With this schema, advance transition with trigger: "start" from queue requires requirements to be filled. The server returns a gate_blocked error listing exactly which notes are missing.

The guidance field provides authoring instructions surfaced at the right moment: when an agent is about to fill that note, the response names it as guidanceKey (with the skillPointer when the note names a skill), and items_read schema returns the text. The skill field goes further, naming a skill the agent should invoke before filling the note so the evaluation follows a defined framework rather than freeform prose.

Composable Traits

Traits add cross-cutting note requirements to any schema without duplicating definitions. Define a trait once, apply it to any item type:

traits:
  needs-security-review:
    notes:
      - key: security-assessment
        role: review
        required: true
        description: "Security review of auth, data handling, and access control"
        skill: "security-review"

work_item_schemas:
  feature-task:
    default_traits:
      - needs-security-review
    notes:
      # ... base notes

Every feature-task item automatically inherits the security-assessment requirement. Traits can also be applied per item via the traits array of an items_write create or update, so a task touching authentication gets needs-security-review while a CSS cleanup doesn't.

Illustrated: Schemas and Traits shows how a type, its default traits and per-item traits resolve into one gate. Seats covers splitting a phase between several agents.

Persistent Work Item Graph

Everything is a WorkItem in a hierarchical graph. Items nest to any depth and are connected by typed dependency edges. Create an entire work breakdown atomically:

{ "ops": [{
    "op": "create_tree",
    "root": { "title": "User Authentication", "type": "feature-task" },
    "children": [
      { "ref": "schema", "title": "Database schema", "type": "feature-task" },
      { "ref": "api",    "title": "Login API",       "type": "feature-task" },
      { "ref": "tests",  "title": "Integration tests", "type": "feature-task" }
    ],
    "deps": [
      { "from": "schema", "to": "api" },
      { "from": "api",    "to": "tests" }
    ]
} ] }

(items_write, orchestration profile.)

When schema reaches terminal, api is automatically unblocked. When all children complete, an auto-lifecycle parent cascades to terminal (a parent in review needs an explicit advance). Dependency ordering is enforced by the server, structurally, not by convention.

Illustrated: Work Graph has a clickable version of this tree that shows blocking, unblocking and parent cascades.

Actor Attribution

Every write is attributed to the transport principal: who the server knows the caller to be from how it connected, never from a field in the request. A bearer or JWT credential names its holder (api:<id>); stdio, and HTTP with no credential mode, run as the single local principal. A request body actor is refused as unknown_parameter.

notes_read and items_read history entries carry that attribution (for callers allowed to see it): who wrote which note, who made which transition. Post-mortem debugging becomes a data query rather than conversation archaeology.

To tell agents apart, give each its own credential (or, inside a run, its own seat token): enable the REST API with API_AUTH_MODE=bearer or jwks and /mcp authenticates with the same token. Every stdio or local-mode session is the same local principal, so those sessions share claims and note ownership. See Fleet Deployment.

Session Continuity

No context rebuilding. One call recovers the full picture:

{ "select": "context" }
{ "select": "history", "since": "2026-01-15T09:00:00Z" }

(items_read.) The first returns active items, blocked items, stalled items with their missing notes and a claim summary; the second returns recent transitions with actor attribution. Add "fields": ["ancestors"] for the ancestor chains. A new session has the complete state in two small responses.

Illustrated: Finding Work maps each question a session has to the read call that answers it, and shows how the next item is ranked.

Notes as Structured Context

Notes are phase-specific documentation attached to work items. An implementation agent reads a concise requirements note scoped to its task instead of scanning broader project context.

Notes are keyed, role-scoped, and queryable:

{ "select": "list", "itemId": "a3f28c01", "role": "work" }

(notes_read.) A list returns metadata only (id, key, role, version, bodyLength), so agents can check what exists without paying the token cost of every note body; get reads one body.

Full-Text Search

Search work items and notes by keyword. Results are relevance-ranked, so an agent looking for related work or picking up after a long gap gets the best matches first.

{ "select": "search", "query": "authentication login", "kinds": ["item"] }
{ "select": "search", "query": "password validation", "kinds": ["note"] }

(items_read.)

Search can be scoped to a subtree and filtered by role, tag, or priority, or run across the whole workspace.

REST API

An optional HTTP layer (API_ENABLED=true) serves every tool over one RPC route (POST /api/v1/ops/{tool}), plus item and note resource GETs, lease admin, service meta and real-time SSE events, to dashboards, CI systems, and operators. It supports static bearer tokens, JWKS JWT auth, and the unauthenticated loopback mode shown in the Quick Start. It also powers config-sync, so one server can serve many projects with per-project schemas. See the REST API Reference.

Illustrated: Runtime Map covers the server's layers, tool profiles, both deployment shapes, the REST API, claims and caller identity.

Design Philosophy

Task Orchestrator enforces workflow structure without imposing methodology. The server owns the guardrails: role transitions, dependency ordering, gate enforcement, and attribution. Agents own everything else. There are no mandatory planning ceremonies and no opinion on how agents approach implementation. Schemas, traits, and actor authentication are opt-in layers configured in .taskorchestrator/config.yaml. As models gain capabilities, the harness stays out of the way.

Claude Code Plugin

The plugin adds workflow automation on top of the MCP server: skills, hooks, and an orchestration context.

Install:

/plugin marketplace add https://github.com/jpicklyk/task-orchestrator
/plugin install task-orchestrator@task-orchestrator-marketplace

What it adds:

The MCP server works without the plugin. The plugin makes it seamless with Claude Code.

Optional mod (early access): orchestration-mode puts Task Orchestrator on the session itself: a band above the prompt with the progression of the graph the session drives (its container, progress and current item, from its open runs or else the item it is working on), in every mode and toggleable with /to-band, a footer label that always names the mode (TO orchestrator, director, coordinator), a tinted desktop backdrop and toasts. Standalone; it shares nothing with the graph mod.

/plugin install orchestration-mode@task-orchestrator-marketplace

Illustrated: Runs and Decisions steps through a server run, its seat tokens, run limits and decisions. Orchestrating a Run follows one feature from request to finished items. Improvement Loop shows how friction noticed during work becomes a reviewed config change.

MCP Tools

Every tool answers one response envelope, and describe: true on any call returns the tool's schema. A knowledge profile (/mcp/knowledge, or MCP_TOOL_PROFILE=knowledge on stdio) exposes the smaller read/write subset without orchestration, and a director profile (/mcp/director, or MCP_TOOL_PROFILE=director) exposes item and dependency reads, the report tool and a subset of the run controls (runs_read, runs_write). Item IDs accept short hex prefixes: itemId="a3f28c01" works in place of a full UUID once the prefix (8 to 32 hex characters) is unambiguous. Upgrading from 3.x? See "Upgrading from 3.x" in the Changelog. See the API Reference for every tool's parameters and response shapes.

Documentation

Technical Stack

• Kotlin with Coroutines

• SQLite + Exposed ORM with FTS5 full-text search, zero configuration

• Flyway versioned schema migrations

• MCP Kotlin SDK with STDIO and Streamable HTTP transports

• Ktor for the REST API and SSE

• Docker for one-command deployment

A layered architecture (Domain → Application → Infrastructure → Interfaces, enforced by Konsist layering and package-cycle tests, both with empty baselines) with an extensive JUnit 5 test suite.

License

MIT License — Free for personal and commercial use.