Read metadata from a video or audio file: duration, resolution, frame rate, codecs, bitrate, and file size. Use this first to understand a file before editing it.

Cut a video down to a time range. Give a start time plus either an end time or a duration (omit both to keep everything from start to the end of the file). Times are seconds (12.5) or clock form (1:23:45.6).

Concatenate two or more videos into one file, in the order given, with hard cuts or a crossfade between clips. Clips are normalized (scaled/padded to the first clip's resolution and frame rate) so mixed sources join cleanly.

Re-encode a video to another container/format (mp4, webm, mov, mkv) with a quality setting.

Scale a video to a new resolution. Give width and/or height in pixels (the missing one keeps aspect ratio), or a scale percentage.

Crop a rectangular region out of the video frame. x/y is the top-left corner of the region to keep.

Shrink a video's file size. Give a target size in MB (bitrate is computed from the duration) or omit it for a general-purpose quality-based compression.

Speed up or slow down a video (audio pitch is preserved). Factor 2 = twice as fast, 0.5 = half speed.

Turn a video (or a section of it) into an animated GIF with an optimized color palette. Keep GIFs short and small — they get big fast.

Rotate a video by 90/180/270 degrees clockwise and/or mirror it horizontally or vertically.

Fade the video (and its audio) in from black at the start and/or out to black at the end.

Play the video (and audio) backwards. Buffers the whole clip in memory, so best for short clips — trim first for anything over a minute or two.

Repeat a video back-to-back a number of times, or long enough to fill a target duration. Fast — no re-encoding.

Tune brightness, contrast, and/or saturation. Neutral values: brightness 0, contrast 1, saturation 1 (saturation 0 = black & white).

Save a single frame of the video as an image (thumbnail/still). Good for previews and cover images.

Pull the audio track out of a video into its own file (mp3, wav, m4a, or flac).

Strip the audio track from a video, leaving silent video. Fast — no re-encoding.

Replace a video's audio track with a different audio file (e.g. background music or a voiceover). The output ends when the shorter of the two ends, unless loop_audio is set.

Normalize the audio to a broadcast-standard loudness (EBU R128) so it matches typical podcast/social-media levels — fixes too-quiet or wildly varying audio. Video is untouched.

Make the audio louder or quieter. Use a multiplier (2 = double volume, 0.5 = half) — video is untouched.

Draw text on the video (caption, title, label). Optionally limited to a time range.

Overlay an image (logo/watermark) on the video at a chosen corner, with optional size and opacity.

Draw a rectangle outline (or filled box) on the video — for highlighting or redacting a region. Optionally limited to a time range.

Blur or pixelate a rectangle of the frame — for hiding faces, license plates, names, or other sensitive content. Optionally limited to a time range.

Permanently render a subtitle file (.srt or .ass) onto the video frames.

Tile evenly-spaced frames from across the video into one image, each stamped with its timestamp. Use this to SEE what's in a video before deciding how to edit it — create the sheet, then view the image file.

Find timestamps where the picture changes abruptly (cuts between scenes/shots). Returns a list of cut times you can feed into trim_video/concat_videos to split or re-edit the video.

Find silent stretches in the audio track. Returns silent ranges plus the non-silent segments to keep — useful for cutting dead air (feed the keep-segments into trim_video/concat_videos).

Play videos side by side (horizontal), on top of each other (vertical), or in a grid — great for comparisons. Clips are normalized to the first clip's size; audio comes from the first clip that has any.

Overlay one video on top of another in a corner (like a webcam feed or reaction box). The overlay's own audio is dropped; the main video's audio is kept. The overlay disappears when its clip ends.

Build a video from a list of images, shown in order for a fixed number of seconds each, optionally with a soundtrack. Images are fitted to the first image's size.