preflight-mcp

An MCP server that assembles the preflight information required by 14 CFR §91.103 ("Preflight action"), so a Claude-based assistant can put together a real go/no-go briefing for a route — not a generic weather wrapper, but a tool set scoped to what the regulation actually requires a pilot in command to know before flying.

Regulatory mapping

Related MCP server: Aerospace MCP

Setup

npm install
npm run build

For local development without a build step:

npm run dev

Run the test suite with npm test, or npm run typecheck for a type-only check.

Tools

get_metar_taf

Fetches decoded current METAR and TAF data for one or more ICAO airport identifiers from the free, no-auth aviationweather.gov API.

// input
{ "airportIds": ["KXNA", "KTUL"], "reportTypes": ["metar", "taf"] }

// output (abridged)
{
  "results": [
    {
      "airportId": "KXNA",
      "metar": { "raw": "...", "flightCategory": "VFR", "ceilingFt": null, "windSpeedKt": 6, ... },
      "taf": { "raw": "...", "forecasts": [ { "ceilingFt": 4000, ... } ] }
    }
  ],
  "notFound": []
}

An airport id found in only one of METAR/TAF has the other field set to null (not an error). An id absent from both is listed in notFound. ceilingFt is decoded from the lowest broken/overcast cloud layer — the single most decision-relevant field for a VFR go/no-go call.

get_airport_info

Fetches runway lengths/widths/surfaces and field elevation for a single ICAO airport identifier.

// input
{ "airportId": "KXNA" }

// output
{
  "airportId": "KXNA",
  "name": "FAYETTEVILLE/SPRINGDALE/ROGERS/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS NTL",
  "fieldElevationFt": 1286,
  "lat": 36.2816,
  "lon": -94.3078,
  "runways": [
    { "id": "16L/34R", "lengthFt": 8801, "widthFt": 150, "surface": "Concrete", "alignmentDegMagnetic": 160 }
  ],
  "warnings": []
}

An unknown airport id is a hard error (this tool takes a single required input, unlike the batch weather tool).

aircraft_performance

Computes takeoff or landing ground roll and total distance over a 50ft obstacle, given density-altitude-relevant conditions.

// input
{
  "operation": "takeoff",
  "pressureAltitudeFt": 2000,
  "temperatureC": 25,
  "weightLbs": 2500,
  "headwindKt": 5,
  "runwaySurface": "paved",
  "obstacleHeightFt": 50
}

// output
{
  "groundRollFt": 1009,
  "totalDistanceOverObstacleFt": 1781,
  "adjustments": {
    "baseGroundRollFt": 1096,
    "baseOverObstacleFt": 1934,
    "weightAdjustmentPct": -0.025,
    "windAdjustmentFt": -105,
    "surfaceAdjustmentFt": 0
  },
  "warnings": [
    "Weight adjustment below max gross is an approximation (linear rule of thumb), not a charted lighter-weight table."
  ]
}

Seeded with approximate Cessna 172R/S (2450–2550 lb, Lycoming IO-360) POH performance data — see Known limitations. Inputs outside the charted pressure-altitude/temperature range are extrapolated and flagged in warnings rather than silently returned as if charted.

estimate_fuel

Basic burn-rate × time fuel planning with Part 91 reserve minimums and an explicit go/no-go verdict.

// input
{
  "route": [{ "airportId": "KXNA" }, { "airportId": "KTUL", "distanceNm": 85 }],
  "cruiseSpeedKt": 110,
  "fuelBurnGph": 8.5,
  "usableFuelGal": 50,
  "flightRules": "day-vfr"
}

// output (abridged)
{
  "legs": [{ "from": "KXNA", "to": "KTUL", "distanceNm": 85, "estimatedTimeMin": 46 }],
  "reserveMinutes": 30,
  "tripFuelGal": 6.57,
  "totalRequiredGal": 10.82,
  "fuelMarginGal": 39.18,
  "goNoGo": "go",
  "reason": "Usable fuel exceeds required fuel by 39.2 gal."
}

This tool does not call get_airport_info itself — if you omit distanceNm for a leg, fetch both airports' coordinates first and compute the distance before calling this tool.

find_alternates

Finds alternate airports meeting minimum ceiling/visibility, checked against current METAR.

// input
{
  "airportId": "KXNA",
  "radiusNm": 50,
  "minCeilingFt": 1000,
  "minVisibilitySm": 3,
  "candidateAirportIds": ["KFYV", "KROG", "KBVX"]
}

Requires candidateAirportIds — see Known limitations.

get_notams

Fetches current NOTAMs for a single ICAO airport identifier from the FAA NOTAM Search API.

// input
{ "airportId": "KJLN" }

// output
{
  "airportId": "KJLN",
  "totalCount": 1,
  "notams": [
    {
      "number": "A0001/26",
      "type": "N",
      "issued": "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
      "effectiveStart": "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
      "effectiveEnd": "PERM",
      "text": "RWY 13/31 CLSD",
      "classification": "DOM"
    }
  ]
}

Without credentials configured, it returns an MCP tool error instead of silently omitting NOTAMs from a briefing:

// error text when FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_ID / FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_SECRET are unset (isError: true)
[notams_not_configured] FAA NOTAM API credentials are not configured. Register for the
NOTAM Search API at https://api.faa.gov, then set FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_ID and
FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_SECRET in this server's environment — see README.md.

See Configuring NOTAM credentials and Known limitations (the decoded NOTAM shape hasn't been verified against a live response, since this account has no registered credentials yet).

Known limitations

• No ATC-delay data. §91.103(a) also asks pilots to consider known ATC traffic delays; there's no clean free API for this, so it isn't built.

• find_alternates has no geo-radius search. aviationweather.gov's airport endpoint only accepts specific ids, not a "within N nm" query, so this tool requires the caller to supply candidateAirportIds. A future version could use the FAA NASR airport dataset (there's prior art for this in a sibling project, skyfleet-aviation-data) to support true radius-based discovery.

• get_notams needs FAA API credentials, which aren't configured by default. See Configuring NOTAM credentials. Separately, the decoded NOTAM shape in src/lib/faaNotamClient.ts is based on FAA's publicly documented schema but has not been verified against a live response — if fields don't line up once you have real credentials, decodeNotam() is the only place that should need adjusting.

• aircraft_performance is seeded with approximate data, not your exact aircraft's charted POH numbers. Once you've confirmed your aircraft's actual performance charts, replace the tables in src/data/c172-performance.ts — DEFAULT_AIRCRAFT in src/data/config.ts is the intended swap point.

Configuring NOTAM credentials

get_notams reads FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_ID and FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_SECRET from the server process's environment — there's no config file or hardcoded default. Until both are set, the tool returns a notams_not_configured error rather than silently skipping NOTAMs.

1. Register for the NOTAM Search API at https://api.faa.gov to get a client_id/client_secret pair.

2. Provide them to the server one of these ways:

   • Local dev (npm run dev): copy .env.example to .env, fill in the two values, and run with node --env-file=.env (Node 20.6+) — e.g. node --env-file=.env node_modules/.bin/tsx src/index.ts — or export them in your shell before running npm run dev. .env is gitignored; never commit real credentials.

   • Claude Code, via claude mcp add:

     claude mcp add --scope user preflight \
       --env FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id \
       --env FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_SECRET=your-client-secret \
       -- npx tsx /absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp/src/index.ts

   • Claude Desktop / manual .mcp.json, via the env block:

     {
       "mcpServers": {
         "preflight": {
           "command": "node",
           "args": ["/absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp/dist/index.js"],
           "env": {
             "FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_ID": "your-client-id",
             "FAA_NOTAM_CLIENT_SECRET": "your-client-secret"
           }
         }
       }
     }

Adding to Claude Desktop or Claude Code

Claude Desktop (claude_desktop_config.json), using the built output. Replace /absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp with wherever you cloned this repo:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "preflight": {
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp/dist/index.js"]
    }
  }
}

Claude Code — use the claude mcp add CLI rather than editing config by hand. Dev-mode via tsx directly against source (no build step, faster iteration):

claude mcp add --scope user preflight -- npx tsx /absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp/src/index.ts

Or against the built output:

claude mcp add --scope user preflight -- node /absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp/dist/index.js

--scope user makes the server available in every project. Use --scope project instead if you want it scoped to a single project's .mcp.json (shareable via that project's repo). Verify registration with claude mcp list, then start a new Claude Code session — existing sessions won't pick up a newly added server.

Both approaches produce the same underlying command/args you'd write by hand into a .mcp.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "preflight": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["tsx", "/absolute/path/to/preflight-mcp/src/index.ts"]
    }
  }
}

Both use stdio transport — no auth or network exposure required, since the server runs locally alongside the client.