Open-Meteo MCP Server

Seasonal Forecast

seasonal_forecast

Read-onlyIdempotent

Get long-range seasonal forecasts for temperature and precipitation up to 7 months ahead to plan for weather trends.

Instructions

Get long-range seasonal forecasts for temperature and precipitation up to ~7 months ahead.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema

Name	Required	Description	Default
`daily`	No
`hourly`	No
`models`	No	Omit to use the default model.
`weekly`	No	Weekly means and anomalies against climatology.
`monthly`	No	Monthly means and anomalies against climatology.
`end_date`	No	Date in YYYY-MM-DD format.
`latitude`	Yes
`timezone`	No	IANA time zone (e.g. "Europe/Paris"), or "auto" for the location's own. Default GMT.
`longitude`	Yes
`past_days`	No	Days before today to include, in addition to the forecast.
`start_date`	No	Date in YYYY-MM-DD format.
`timeformat`	No		iso8601
`forecast_days`	No	Days to forecast, starting today.
`cell_selection`	No	Grid cell to use near a coastline: prefer "land", prefer "sea", or the "nearest" cell.
`wind_speed_unit`	No		kmh
`temperature_unit`	No		celsius
`precipitation_unit`	No		mm

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

Changed22 schema fields changedv2.5.0Sep 28, 2026

addedInput schema / $schema

Added value: +"http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"

addedInput schema / additionalProperties
```
Added value: +false
```

addedInput schema / properties / cell_selection

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Grid cell to use near a coastline: prefer \"land\", prefer \"sea\", or the \"nearest\" cell.",
+  "enum": [
+    "land",
+    "sea",
+    "nearest"
+  ],
+  "type": "string"
+}

removedInput schema / properties / daily / description

Removed value: -"Daily weather variables to retrieve"

changedInput schema / properties / daily / items / enum

Previous value: -[
-  "temperature_2m_max",
-  "temperature_2m_min",
-  "shortwave_radiation_sum",
-  "precipitation_sum",
-  "rain_sum",
-  "precipitation_hours",
-  "wind_speed_10m_max",
-  "wind_direction_10m_dominant"
-]New value: +[
+  "sunrise",
+  "sunset",
+  "weather_code",
+  "et0_fao_evapotranspiration",
+  "vapour_pressure_deficit_max",
+  "temperature_2m_max",
+  "temperature_2m_min",
+  "temperature_2m_mean",
+  "sunshine_duration",
+  "dew_point_2m_mean",
+  "pressure_msl_mean",
+  "sea_surface_temperature_mean",
+  "cloud_cover_mean",
+  "wind_speed_10m_mean",
+  "wind_speed_100m_mean",
+  "snow_depth_mean",
+  "soil_temperature_0_to_7cm_mean",
+  "shortwave_radiation_sum",
+  "precipitation_sum",
+  "rain_sum",
+  "precipitation_hours",
+  "wind_speed_10m_max",
+  "wind_direction_10m_dominant"
+]

changedInput schema / properties / end_date / description

Previous value: -"End date in YYYY-MM-DD format"New value: +"Date in YYYY-MM-DD format."

removedInput schema / properties / forecast_days / default
```
Removed value: -92
```

changedInput schema / properties / forecast_days / description

Previous value: -"Number of forecast days: 45 days, 3 months (default), 6 months, or 9 months"New value: +"Days to forecast, starting today."

removedInput schema / properties / forecast_days / enum
```
Removed value: -[
-  45,
-  92,
-  183,
-  274
-]
```
addedInput schema / properties / forecast_days / maximum
```
Added value: +217
```
addedInput schema / properties / forecast_days / minimum
```
Added value: +0
```

removedInput schema / properties / hourly / description

Removed value: -"6-hourly weather variables to retrieve"

changedInput schema / properties / hourly / items / enum

Previous value: -[
-  "pressure_msl",
-  "temperature_2m",
-  "temperature_2m_max",
-  "temperature_2m_min",
-  "shortwave_radiation",
-  "cloud_cover",
-  "precipitation",
-  "showers",
-  "wind_speed_10m",
-  "wind_direction_10m",
-  "relative_humidity_2m",
-  "soil_temperature_0_to_10cm",
-  "soil_moisture_0_to_10cm",
-  "soil_moisture_10_to_40cm",
-  "soil_moisture_40_to_100cm",
-  "soil_moisture_100_to_200cm"
-]New value: +[
+  "temperature_2m",
+  "temperature_2m_max",
+  "temperature_2m_min",
+  "dew_point_2m",
+  "pressure_msl",
+  "sea_surface_temperature",
+  "snowfall_water_equivalent",
+  "precipitation",
+  "rain",
+  "showers",
+  "snowfall",
+  "cloud_cover",
+  "wind_speed_10m",
+  "wind_direction_10m",
+  "wind_speed_100m",
+  "wind_direction_100m",
+  "wind_speed_200m",
+  "wind_direction_200m",
+  "relative_humidity_2m",
+  "apparent_temperature",
+  "et0_fao_evapotranspiration",
+  "vapour_pressure_deficit",
+  "weather_code",
+  "sunshine_duration",
+  "wave_height",
+  "wave_direction",
+  "wave_period",
+  "wave_peak_period",
+  "soil_temperature_0_to_7cm",
+  "soil_temperature_7_to_28cm",
+  "soil_temperature_28_to_100cm",
+  "soil_temperature_100_to_255cm",
+  "soil_moisture_0_to_7cm",
+  "soil_moisture_7_to_28cm",
+  "soil_moisture_28_to_100cm",
+  "soil_moisture_100_to_255cm",
+  "shortwave_radiation",
+  "direct_radiation",
+  "diffuse_radiation",
+  "direct_normal_irradiance",
+  "global_tilted_irradiance",
+  "terrestrial_radiation",
+  "shortwave_radiation_instant",
+  "direct_radiation_instant",
+  "diffuse_radiation_instant",
+  "direct_normal_irradiance_instant",
+  "global_tilted_irradiance_instant",
+  "terrestrial_radiation_instant"
+]

removedInput schema / properties / latitude / description
```
Removed value: -"Latitude in WGS84 coordinate system"
```
removedInput schema / properties / longitude / description
```
Removed value: -"Longitude in WGS84 coordinate system"
```

addedInput schema / properties / models

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Omit to use the default model.",
+  "enum": [
+    "best_match",
+    "ecmwf_seasonal_seamless",
+    "ecmwf_seas5",
+    "ecmwf_ec46",
+    "ecmwf_seasonal_ensemble_mean_seamless",
+    "ecmwf_seas5_ensemble_mean",
+    "ecmwf_ec46_ensemble_mean"
+  ],
+  "type": "string"
+}

addedInput schema / properties / monthly

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Monthly means and anomalies against climatology.",
+  "items": {
+    "enum": [
+      "wind_gusts_10m_anomaly",
+      "wind_speed_10m_mean",
+      "wind_speed_10m_anomaly",
+      "albedo_mean",
+      "albedo_anomaly",
+      "cloud_cover_low_mean",
+      "cloud_cover_low_anomaly",
+      "showers_mean",
+      "showers_anomaly",
+      "runoff_mean",
+      "runoff_anomaly",
+      "snow_density_mean",
+      "snow_density_anomaly",
+      "snow_depth_water_equivalent_mean",
+      "snow_depth_water_equivalent_anomaly",
+      "total_column_integrated_water_vapour_mean",
+      "total_column_integrated_water_vapour_anomaly",
+      "temperature_2m_mean",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly",
+      "dew_point_2m_mean",
+      "dew_point_2m_anomaly",
+      "pressure_msl_mean",
+      "pressure_msl_anomaly",
+      "sea_surface_temperature_mean",
+      "sea_surface_temperature_anomaly",
+      "wind_u_component_10m_mean",
+      "wind_u_component_10m_anomaly",
+      "wind_v_component_10m_mean",
+      "wind_v_component_10m_anomaly",
+      "snowfall_water_equivalent_mean",
+      "snowfall_water_equivalent_anomaly",
+      "precipitation_mean",
+      "precipitation_anomaly",
+      "shortwave_radiation_mean",
+      "shortwave_radiation_anomaly",
+      "longwave_radiation_mean",
+      "longwave_radiation_anomaly",
+      "cloud_cover_mean",
+      "cloud_cover_anomaly",
+      "sunshine_duration_mean",
+      "sunshine_duration_anomaly",
+      "soil_temperature_0_to_7cm_mean",
+      "soil_temperature_0_to_7cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_temperature_7_to_28cm_mean",
+      "soil_temperature_7_to_28cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_temperature_28_to_100cm_mean",
+      "soil_temperature_28_to_100cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_temperature_100_to_255cm_mean",
+      "soil_temperature_100_to_255cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_moisture_0_to_7cm_mean",
+      "soil_moisture_0_to_7cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_moisture_7_to_28cm_mean",
+      "soil_moisture_7_to_28cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_moisture_28_to_100cm_mean",
+      "soil_moisture_28_to_100cm_anomaly",
+      "soil_moisture_100_to_255cm_mean",
+      "soil_moisture_100_to_255cm_anomaly",
+      "temperature_max24h_2m_mean",
+      "temperature_max24h_2m_anomaly",
+      "temperature_min24h_2m_mean",
+      "temperature_min24h_2m_anomaly",
+      "sea_ice_cover_mean",
+      "sea_ice_cover_anomaly",
+      "latent_heat_flux_mean",
+      "latent_heat_flux_anomaly",
+      "sensible_heat_flux_mean",
+      "sensible_heat_flux_anomaly",
+      "evapotranspiration_mean",
+      "evapotranspiration_anomaly",
+      "snowfall_mean",
+      "snowfall_anomaly",
+      "snow_depth_mean",
+      "snow_depth_anomaly"
+    ],
+    "type": "string"
+  },
+  "type": "array"
+}

changedInput schema / properties / past_days / description

Previous value: -"Include past days data"New value: +"Days before today to include, in addition to the forecast."

changedInput schema / properties / start_date / description

Previous value: -"Start date in YYYY-MM-DD format"New value: +"Date in YYYY-MM-DD format."

addedInput schema / properties / timeformat

Added value: +{
+  "default": "iso8601",
+  "enum": [
+    "iso8601",
+    "unixtime"
+  ],
+  "type": "string"
+}

changedInput schema / properties / timezone / description

Previous value: -"Timezone for timestamps"New value: +"IANA time zone (e.g. \"Europe/Paris\"), or \"auto\" for the location's own. Default GMT."

addedInput schema / properties / weekly

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Weekly means and anomalies against climatology.",
+  "items": {
+    "enum": [
+      "wind_speed_10m_mean",
+      "wind_speed_10m_anomaly",
+      "wind_speed_100m_mean",
+      "wind_speed_100m_anomaly",
+      "wind_direction_10m_mean",
+      "wind_direction_10m_anomaly",
+      "wind_direction_100m_mean",
+      "wind_direction_100m_anomaly",
+      "snow_depth_mean",
+      "snow_depth_anomaly",
+      "snowfall_mean",
+      "snowfall_anomaly",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly_gt0",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly_gt1",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly_gt2",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly_ltm1",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly_ltm2",
+      "pressure_msl_anomaly_gt0",
+      "surface_temperature_anomaly_gt0",
+      "precipitation_anomaly_gt0",
+      "precipitation_anomaly_gt10",
+      "precipitation_anomaly_gt20",
+      "temperature_2m_sot10",
+      "temperature_2m_sot90",
+      "temperature_2m_efi",
+      "precipitation_efi",
+      "precipitation_sot90",
+      "showers_mean",
+      "snow_density_mean",
+      "snow_density_anomaly",
+      "snow_depth_water_equivalent_mean",
+      "snow_depth_water_equivalent_anomaly",
+      "total_column_integrated_water_vapour_mean",
+      "total_column_integrated_water_vapour_anomaly",
+      "temperature_2m_mean",
+      "temperature_2m_anomaly",
+      "dew_point_2m_mean",
+      "dew_point_2m_anomaly",
+      "pressure_msl_mean",
+      "pressure_msl_anomaly",
+      "sea_surface_temperature_mean",
+      "sea_surface_temperature_anomaly",
+      "wind_u_component_10m_mean",
+      "wind_u_component_10m_anomaly",
+      "wind_v_component_10m_mean",
+      "wind_v_component_10m_anomaly",
+      "wind_u_component_100m_mean",
+      "wind_u_component_100m_anomaly",
+      "wind_v_component_100m_mean",
+      "wind_v_component_100m_anomaly",
+      "snowfall_water_equivalent_mean",
+      "snowfall_water_equivalent_anomaly",
+      "precipitation_mean",
+      "precipitation_anomaly",
+      "cloud_cover_mean",
+      "cloud_cover_anomaly",
+      "sunshine_duration_mean",
+      "sunshine_duration_anomaly",
+      "soil_temperature_0_to_7cm_mean",
+      "soil_temperature_0_to_7cm_anomaly",
+      "temperature_max6h_2m_mean",
+      "temperature_max6h_2m_anomaly",
+      "temperature_min6h_2m_mean",
+      "temperature_min6h_2m_anomaly"
+    ],
+    "type": "string"
+  },
+  "type": "array"
+}

First observedv1.1.3Jan 31, 2026

TDQS

B3/5.0

Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations already declare readOnlyHint, idempotentHint, and destructiveHint=false, so safety is covered. The description adds the useful time-horizon constraint (~7 months), which is not in the annotations. However, it omits return format, pagination, and the fact that multiple temporal resolutions (daily, hourly, weekly, monthly) are available.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

A single front-loaded sentence with no filler. Every word earns its place, and the key temporal scope is stated immediately.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness2/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a 17-parameter tool supporting four different forecasting resolutions and multiple models, a one-sentence description is insufficient. It fails to mention the availability of daily/hourly/weekly/monthly outputs or the model selection parameter, leaving the agent with significant uncertainty about how to invoke it correctly. No output schema exists to fill the gap.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters2/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema description coverage is only 53%, and the description adds no parameter-level meaning. Complex parameters like daily, hourly, weekly, and monthly arrays have no description in either the schema or the description, leaving their purpose and valid combinations unclear. The description does not compensate for the coverage gap.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

States a specific verb ('Get'), resource ('long-range seasonal forecasts'), and temporal scope ('up to ~7 months ahead'). The term 'seasonal' differentiates it from shorter-range siblings like gfs_forecast or weather_forecast without naming them explicitly. No direct sibling comparison, so not a 5.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines2/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description gives no guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives such as ecmwf_forecast, climate_projection, or ensemble_forecast. There are no exclusions or prerequisites mentioned. It merely states what the tool returns.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

Deploy Server

Seasonal Forecast

Instructions

Input Schema

Schema Changelog

TDQS

Other Tools