calculate_momentum
Calculate momentum from mass and velocity to analyze collisions, impacts, and motion conservation in physics problems.
Instructions
Calculate momentum from mass and velocity (p = mv).
Computes the momentum vector, which represents "quantity of motion."
Momentum is conserved in collisions, making it crucial for analyzing
impacts, explosions, and rocket propulsion.
Args:
mass: Mass in kilograms (must be positive)
velocity_x: X component of velocity in m/s
velocity_y: Y component of velocity in m/s
velocity_z: Z component of velocity in m/s
Returns:
MomentumResponse containing:
- momentum: Momentum vector [x, y, z] in kg⋅m/s
- magnitude: Momentum magnitude in kg⋅m/s
Tips for LLMs:
- Momentum is a vector (has direction), unlike kinetic energy
- Total momentum before collision = total momentum after (conservation)
- Large mass × small velocity can equal small mass × large velocity
- Use to analyze: collisions, recoil, rocket thrust
Example:
# Momentum of a 70kg person running at 5 m/s
result = await calculate_momentum(
mass=70.0,
velocity_x=5.0,
velocity_y=0.0,
velocity_z=0.0
)
print(f"Momentum: {result.magnitude:.1f} kg⋅m/s")Input Schema
TableJSON Schema
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| mass | Yes | ||
| velocity_x | Yes | ||
| velocity_y | Yes | ||
| velocity_z | Yes |