calculate_terminal_velocity
Calculate terminal velocity by balancing drag and weight forces: input mass, area, fluid density, and drag coefficient to get terminal speed, time to 95%, and drag force.
Instructions
Calculate terminal velocity when drag equals weight.
At terminal velocity, forces balance:
F_drag = F_weight
v_terminal = √(2mg / ρC_dA)
Args:
mass: Object mass in kg
cross_sectional_area: Area perpendicular to fall direction in m²
fluid_density: Fluid density in kg/m³ (air=1.225, water=1000)
drag_coefficient: Drag coefficient (sphere=0.47, skydiver=1.0)
gravity: Gravitational acceleration in m/s² (default 9.81)
Returns:
Terminal velocity, time to 95%, and drag force at terminal
Example - Skydiver terminal velocity:
result = await calculate_terminal_velocity(
mass=70, # kg
cross_sectional_area=0.7, # m² (belly-down position)
fluid_density=1.225, # air
drag_coefficient=1.0, # human
)
# v_terminal ≈ 54 m/s (120 mph)Input Schema
TableJSON Schema
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| mass | Yes | ||
| cross_sectional_area | Yes | ||
| fluid_density | Yes | ||
| drag_coefficient | No | ||
| gravity | No |