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az-coder-123

SQL Server MCP

by az-coder-123
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TypeScript
Hybrid

SQL Server MCP

An MCP (Model Context Protocol) server that connects AI assistants to Microsoft SQL Server databases. Enables AI tools like GitHub Copilot, Cursor, Cline, Claude Desktop, and Claude Code to explore database schemas and execute read-only queries safely.

TypeScript Node.js SQL Server MCP

Features

  • 29 built-in tools for comprehensive database analysis and management

  • Read-only by design — uses db_datareader role, blocks all destructive SQL

  • SQL injection protection — AST-based query validation + keyword blocklist

  • Automatic row limits — prevents memory overflow with smart TOP N injection

  • AI-friendly errors — structured error responses with actionable suggestions

  • Schema caching — 1-hour TTL metadata cache reduces redundant DB calls

  • Unicode/Vietnamese support — full NVARCHAR UTF-8 passthrough

  • Dual transport — stdio (default) for local AI tools, HTTP/SSE for web clients

  • Data analysis — table statistics, index information, and column distribution

  • Data export — export table data to JSON or CSV format

  • Complete schema understanding — views, constraints, stored procedures, and server info

  • Security auditing — user management and permission analysis

  • Enhanced profiling — detailed column distribution with pattern recognition

  • Dependency mapping — full dependency analysis for tables and columns

  • Schema management — comprehensive schema organization and analysis

  • Data quality validation — integrity checks and comprehensive profiling

  • Documentation automation — generate schema documentation and ER diagrams

Available Tools

Database & Schema (3 tools)

Tool

Description

list_databases

List all user-accessible databases on the SQL Server instance

list_schemas

List all schemas in database with table and view counts

list_tables

List tables and views in a specific schema

Schema Exploration (5 tools)

Tool

Description

describe_table

Get column details: name, type, nullable, PK, description

get_table_relationships

Get foreign key mappings for a table (guides JOINs)

search_tables

Search tables/columns/descriptions by keyword

get_view_definition

Get SQL definition of a view along with referenced tables

list_constraints

List all constraints (PK, FK, Unique, Check) for a table

Data Analysis (6 tools)

Tool

Description

get_table_statistics

Get table statistics including row count, size, and timestamps

get_table_indexes

Get all indexes for a table with column details

analyze_table

Analyze table data to get distribution statistics for each column

get_column_distribution

Get detailed distribution statistics for a specific column with pattern recognition

list_stored_procedures

List all stored procedures and functions with parameters

get_procedure_definition

Get full SQL definition of a stored procedure or function

Dependencies & Usage (2 tools)

Tool

Description

get_table_dependencies

Get full dependency map for a table (what it depends on and what depends on it)

get_column_usage

Get detailed usage information for a specific column (views, procedures, foreign keys, indexes)

Data Quality (2 tools)

Tool

Description

validate_data_integrity

Validate data integrity for a table (FK violations, duplicates, null violations)

get_data_profile

Get comprehensive data profile for a table including quality metrics

Documentation (3 tools)

Tool

Description

generate_schema_documentation

Generate comprehensive schema documentation with tables, views, columns, and relationships

create_entity_relationship_diagram

Create entity relationship diagram in Mermaid, PlantUML, or DOT format

generate_api_documentation

Generate REST API documentation from database schema with inferred endpoints and schemas

Migration & Comparison (2 tools)

Tool

Description

create_migration_scripts

Generate migration scripts for schema changes with up/down migrations

compare_schemas

Compare two schemas to identify differences in tables, views, and procedures

Server & System (1 tool)

Tool

Description

get_server_info

Get SQL Server information including version, edition, and status

Security & Users (2 tools)

Tool

Description

list_users

List all database users and their roles

get_user_permissions

Get detailed permissions for a specific user

Data Export & Query (3 tools)

Tool

Description

execute_read_query

Execute a validated read-only SELECT query

export_table_data

Export table data to JSON or CSV format

clear_cache

Clear the metadata cache to force fresh data

Quick Start

1. Install

git clone https://github.com/az-coder-123/sql-server-mcp.git
cd sql-server-mcp
npm install
npm run build

2. Configure

Copy the environment template and fill in your SQL Server credentials:

cp .env.example .env

Edit .env:

DB_HOST=localhost
DB_PORT=1433
DB_NAME=MyDatabase
DB_USER=readonly_user
DB_PASSWORD=your_password
DB_ENCRYPT=true
DB_TRUST_SERVER_CERT=false

Important: The DB_USER should have the db_datareader role only. The server blocks all write operations at the code level, but defense-in-depth at the database level is strongly recommended.

3. Run

# stdio mode (default — for AI tools)
npm start

# Development mode (with hot reload)
npm run dev

# HTTP/SSE mode (for web clients)
MCP_TRANSPORT=http npm start

Integration with AI Tools

GitHub Copilot (VS Code)

Create .vscode/mcp.json in your project:

{
  "servers": {
    "sql-server-mcp": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/path/to/sql-server-mcp/dist/index.js"],
      "env": {
        "DB_SERVER": "localhost",
        "DB_DATABASE": "MyDatabase",
        "DB_USER": "readonly_user",
        "DB_PASSWORD": "${input:dbPassword}"
      }
    }
  }
}

VS Code will securely prompt for the password at runtime via ${input:dbPassword}.

Cursor

Create .cursor/mcp.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "sql-server-mcp": {
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/path/to/sql-server-mcp/dist/index.js"],
      "env": {
        "DB_SERVER": "localhost",
        "DB_DATABASE": "MyDatabase",
        "DB_USER": "readonly_user",
        "DB_PASSWORD": "your_password"
      }
    }
  }
}

Cline (VS Code Extension)

  1. Open Cline settings in VS Code

  2. Go to MCP Servers → Add Server

  3. Select Command (stdio)

  4. Enter:

    • Command: node

    • Args: /path/to/sql-server-mcp/dist/index.js

    • Env: DB_SERVER=localhost, DB_DATABASE=MyDatabase, DB_USER=readonly_user, DB_PASSWORD=your_password

Claude Desktop

Add to ~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json (macOS) or %AppData%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json (Windows):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "sql-server-mcp": {
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/path/to/sql-server-mcp/dist/index.js"],
      "env": {
        "DB_SERVER": "localhost",
        "DB_DATABASE": "MyDatabase",
        "DB_USER": "readonly_user",
        "DB_PASSWORD": "your_password"
      }
    }
  }
}

Claude Code (CLI)

claude --mcp-config ./mcp-config.json "Show me all tables in database"

Where mcp-config.json uses the same mcpServers format as Claude Desktop above.

Configuration Reference

All settings are configured via environment variables (or .env file):

Variable

Default

Description

DB_HOST

localhost

SQL Server hostname or IP

DB_PORT

1433

SQL Server port

DB_NAME

master

Default database

DB_USER

—

SQL Server login username

DB_PASSWORD

—

SQL Server login password

DB_ENCRYPT

true

Enable TLS encryption

DB_TRUST_SERVER_CERT

false

Trust self-signed certificates

MCP_TRANSPORT

stdio

Transport mode: stdio or http

MCP_HTTP_PORT

3000

HTTP server port (when MCP_TRANSPORT=http)

QUERY_ROW_LIMIT

100

Max rows returned per query (auto-injected)

QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS

30000

Query timeout in milliseconds

PAYLOAD_MAX_BYTES

1048576

Max response payload size (1MB)

SCHEMA_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS

3600

How long schema metadata is cached

Security

This server is designed for read-only database access with multiple layers of protection:

  1. Database-level: Uses a db_datareader-only account with readOnlyIntent connection flag

  2. Query validation: AST-based parsing via node-sql-parser (with regex fallback for T-SQL edge cases)

  3. Keyword blocklist: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, DROP, EXEC, TRUNCATE, ALTER, CREATE, GRANT, REVOKE, MERGE and more

  4. Multi-statement blocking: Semicolons outside string literals are rejected

  5. Row limiting: Automatic TOP N injection prevents memory exhaustion

  6. Payload truncation: Responses exceeding 1MB are truncated with a warning

  7. Connection timeout: 30-second hard timeout on all queries

Project Structure

sql-server-mcp/
├── src/
│   ├── index.ts                          # Server entry point, tool registration, transport
│   ├── config/database.ts                   # Connection pool, env vars
│   ├── tools/
│   │   ├── schemaTools.ts                 # list_databases, list_tables, describe_table, relationships, search
│   │   ├── schemaManagementTools.ts        # list_schemas
│   │   ├── queryTools.ts                  # execute_read_query
│   │   ├── tableStatisticsTools.ts          # get_table_statistics
│   │   ├── tableIndexTools.ts             # get_table_indexes
│   │   ├── tableAnalysisTools.ts          # analyze_table
│   │   ├── columnTools.ts                # get_column_distribution
│   │   ├── storedProcedureTools.ts          # list_stored_procedures
│   │   ├── exportTools.ts                 # export_table_data
│   │   ├── viewTools.ts                   # get_view_definition
│   │   ├── constraintTools.ts              # list_constraints
│   │   ├── serverInfoTools.ts             # get_server_info
│   │   ├── procedureDefinitionTools.ts     # get_procedure_definition
│   │   ├── userTools.ts                   # list_users, get_user_permissions
│   │   ├── dependencyTools.ts            # get_table_dependencies
│   │   ├── usageTools.ts                 # get_column_usage
│   │   ├── dataIntegrityTools.ts         # validate_data_integrity
│   │   ├── dataProfileTools.ts          # get_data_profile
│   │   ├── documentationTools.ts         # generate_schema_documentation
│   │   ├── apiDocumentationTools.ts     # generate_api_documentation
│   │   ├── migrationTools.ts            # create_migration_scripts
│   │   ├── schemaComparisonTools.ts     # compare_schemas
│   │   └── diagramTools.ts              # create_entity_relationship_diagram
│   ├── types/index.ts                     # Shared TypeScript interfaces
│   ├── utils/
│   │   ├── sqlValidator.ts                # AST + regex query validation, TOP injection
│   │   └── errorMapper.ts                 # SQL error code → AI-friendly messages
│   └── cache/schemaCache.ts              # In-memory TTL cache
├── tests/                                # Unit tests (vitest)
├── dist/                                 # Compiled output (npm run build)
├── .env.example                          # Environment variable template
└── package.json

Development

# Install dependencies
npm install

# Run in dev mode (hot reload)
npm run dev

# Run tests
npm test

# Build for production
npm run build

License

ISC

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