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postgres-mcp

by JaviMaligno

PostgreSQL MCP Server

CI PyPI version npm version License: MIT

MCP server for PostgreSQL database operations. Works with Claude Code, Claude Desktop, Cursor, and any MCP-compatible client.

Language Versions

This repository contains both TypeScript and Python implementations:

Version

Directory

Status

MCP protocol

Installation

TypeScript

/typescript

✅ Recommended (Smithery)

2026-07-28 (SDK v2)

npm install -g @javiagui/postgresql-mcp

Python

/python

✅ Stable

2026-07-28 (SDK v2)

pipx install postgresql-mcp

Note: The TypeScript version is used for Smithery deployments. Both versions provide identical functionality.

Protocol compatibility: both servers speak the 2026-07-28 revision and are dual-era — clients that still open with the 2025-era initialize handshake are served exactly as before, so no client needs upgrading. The TypeScript package requires Node.js 20+; the Python package requires Python 3.10+.

Related MCP server: PostgreSQL MCP Server

Features

  • Query Execution: Execute SQL queries with read-only protection by default

  • Schema Exploration: List schemas, tables, views, and functions

  • Table Analysis: Describe structure, indexes, constraints, and statistics

  • Performance Tools: EXPLAIN queries and analyze table health

  • Security First: SQL injection prevention, credential protection, read-only by default

  • MCP Prompts: Guided workflows for exploration, query building, and documentation

  • MCP Resources: Browsable database structure as markdown

Quick Start

# Install globally
npm install -g @javiagui/postgresql-mcp

# Or run directly with npx
npx @javiagui/postgresql-mcp

Python

# Install
pipx install postgresql-mcp

# Configure Claude Code
claude mcp add postgres -s user \
  -e POSTGRES_HOST=localhost \
  -e POSTGRES_USER=your_user \
  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_password \
  -e POSTGRES_DB=your_database \
  -- postgresql-mcp

Full Installation Guide - Includes database permissions setup, remote connections, and troubleshooting.

Configuration

Environment Variables

Variable

Required

Default

Description

POSTGRES_HOST

localhost

Database host

POSTGRES_PORT

5432

Database port

POSTGRES_USER

Database user

POSTGRES_PASSWORD

Database password

POSTGRES_DB

Database name

POSTGRES_SSLMODE

prefer

SSL mode

ALLOW_WRITE_OPERATIONS

false

Enable INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE

QUERY_TIMEOUT

30

Query timeout (seconds)

MAX_ROWS

1000

Maximum rows returned

Multiple databases

Most real work touches more than one database. Instead of editing this config and restarting your client every time, declare several connections and pick one per call by alias:

POSTGRES_CONNECTIONS='[
  {"alias":"local","host":"localhost","user":"me","password":"…","database":"app","allowWrite":true},
  {"alias":"staging","url":"postgresql://reader:…@staging.example.com:5432/app"},
  {"alias":"analytics","url":"postgresql://reader:…@warehouse:6543/metrics?sslmode=require","default":true}
]'
  • list_databases returns the configured aliases with host, database name, write permission and which is the default. Credentials are never returned.

  • Every other tool takes an optional database argument naming an alias. Omit it and you get the default connection — so an existing single-database setup keeps working with no changes at all.

  • allowWrite is per connection, falling back to ALLOW_WRITE_OPERATIONS. A production replica stays read-only while a local database allows writes.

  • default: true marks the connection used when database is omitted; otherwise it is the first one declared. At most one connection may be marked default.

  • Each connection accepts either discrete fields (host, port, user, password, database, sslmode) or a url DSN — and discrete fields override the DSN, so you can reuse a URL and change one part of it.

  • One pool per alias, opened lazily: a configured but unused database never opens a socket.

POSTGRES_CONNECTIONS and the plain POSTGRES_* variables are mutually exclusive. When the first is set the others are ignored, so there is never a question about which one won.

Credentials only ever come from the environment. The database argument names an alias; there is deliberately no way to pass a host, user, password or connection string as a tool argument, because that would put secrets into the conversation. A test enforces this.

Claude Code CLI

# TypeScript version
claude mcp add postgres -s user \
  -e POSTGRES_HOST=localhost \
  -e POSTGRES_USER=your_user \
  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_password \
  -e POSTGRES_DB=your_database \
  -- npx @javiagui/postgresql-mcp

# Python version
claude mcp add postgres -s user \
  -e POSTGRES_HOST=localhost \
  -e POSTGRES_USER=your_user \
  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_password \
  -e POSTGRES_DB=your_database \
  -- postgresql-mcp

Cursor IDE

Add to ~/.cursor/mcp.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "postgres": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["@javiagui/postgresql-mcp"],
      "env": {
        "POSTGRES_HOST": "localhost",
        "POSTGRES_PORT": "5432",
        "POSTGRES_USER": "your_user",
        "POSTGRES_PASSWORD": "your_password",
        "POSTGRES_DB": "your_database"
      }
    }
  }
}

Available Tools (15 total)

Every tool below except list_databases accepts an optional database argument naming a configured connection — see Multiple databases.

Query Execution

Tool

Description

query

Execute read-only SQL queries against the database

execute

Execute write operations (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE) when enabled

explain_query

Get EXPLAIN plan for query optimization

Schema Exploration

Tool

Description

list_schemas

List all schemas in the database

list_tables

List tables in a specific schema

describe_table

Get table structure (columns, types, constraints)

list_views

List views in a schema

describe_view

Get view definition and columns

list_functions

List functions and procedures

Performance & Analysis

Tool

Description

table_stats

Get table statistics (row count, size, bloat)

list_indexes

List indexes for a table

list_constraints

List constraints (PK, FK, UNIQUE, CHECK)

Database Info

Tool

Description

get_database_info

Get database version and connection info

search_columns

Search for columns by name across all tables

list_databases

List the configured connections by alias, with host, database, write permission and which is the default. Never returns credentials.

MCP Prompts

Guided workflows that help Claude assist you effectively:

Prompt

Description

explore_database

Comprehensive database exploration and overview

query_builder

Help building efficient queries for a table

performance_analysis

Analyze table performance and suggest optimizations

data_dictionary

Generate documentation for a schema

MCP Resources

Browsable database structure:

Resource URI

Description

postgres://schemas

List all schemas

postgres://schemas/{schema}/tables

Tables in a schema

postgres://schemas/{schema}/tables/{table}

Table details

postgres://database

Database connection info

Example Usage

Once configured, ask Claude to:

Schema Exploration:

  • "List all tables in the public schema"

  • "Describe the users table structure"

  • "What views are available?"

Querying:

  • "Show me 10 rows from the orders table"

  • "Find all customers who placed orders last week"

  • "Count records grouped by status"

Performance Analysis:

  • "What indexes exist on the orders table?"

  • "Analyze the performance of the users table"

  • "Explain this query: SELECT * FROM orders WHERE created_at > '2024-01-01'"

Documentation:

  • "Generate a data dictionary for this database"

  • "What columns contain 'email' in their name?"

Security

This MCP server implements multiple security layers:

Read-Only by Default

Write operations (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) are blocked unless explicitly enabled via ALLOW_WRITE_OPERATIONS=true.

SQL Injection Prevention

  • All queries are validated before execution

  • Dangerous operations (DROP DATABASE, etc.) are always blocked

  • Multiple statements are not allowed

  • SQL comments are blocked

Credential Protection

  • Passwords stored using secure string types

  • Credentials never appear in logs or error messages

Query Limits

  • Results limited by MAX_ROWS (default: 1000)

  • Query timeout configurable via QUERY_TIMEOUT

Development

TypeScript

cd typescript
npm install
npm run build
npm run dev  # Watch mode

Python

cd python
uv sync
uv run pytest -v --cov=postgres_mcp

Running Tests

# Python unit tests (no database required)
cd python
uv run pytest tests/test_security.py tests/test_settings.py -v

# Integration tests (requires PostgreSQL)
docker-compose up -d
uv run pytest tests/test_integration.py -v

Troubleshooting

Connection Issues

# Verify PostgreSQL is running
pg_isready -h localhost -p 5432

# Test connection with psql
psql -h localhost -U your_user -d your_database

Permission Denied

Ensure your database user has SELECT permissions:

GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO your_user;

MCP Server Not Connecting

# Check server status
claude mcp get postgres

# Test server directly
postgresql-mcp  # Should wait for MCP messages

Author

Built by Javier Aguilar - AI Agent Architect specializing in multi-agent orchestration and MCP development.

License

MIT

Available Tools

14 tools
describe_tableA

Describe the structure of a table including columns, types, and constraints.

Args:
    table_name: Name of the table to describe
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    Table structure with columns, primary keys, and foreign keys
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
table_nameYes
schemaNopublic

TDQS

A4.3/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden. It discloses the tool's read-only behavior (describing structure implies no mutation) and specifies what information is returned (columns, types, constraints, primary/foreign keys). However, it doesn't mention potential errors (e.g., if table doesn't exist), performance characteristics, or authentication needs.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is efficiently structured with a clear purpose statement followed by Args and Returns sections. Every sentence earns its place: the first sentence states what it does, and the bullet points provide essential parameter and return value details without redundancy.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's moderate complexity (2 parameters, no output schema, no annotations), the description is reasonably complete. It covers purpose, parameters, and return values. However, without an output schema, it could benefit from more detail on the return format (e.g., structure of the output).

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters5/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The schema description coverage is 0%, so the description must compensate fully. It successfully adds meaning beyond the bare schema by explaining both parameters: 'table_name' as 'Name of the table to describe' and 'schema' as 'Schema name (default: public)'. This clarifies their purpose and the default value.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the specific action ('Describe the structure of a table') and resource ('table'), distinguishing it from siblings like list_tables (which lists names) or query (which executes queries). It explicitly mentions what gets described: 'columns, types, and constraints'.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides clear context for when to use it (to get table structure details), but doesn't explicitly state when not to use it or name alternatives. For example, it doesn't contrast with describe_view for views or list_constraints for constraint-only listings, though the tool name implies table-specific use.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

describe_viewA

Get the definition and columns of a view.

Args:
    view_name: Name of the view
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    View definition SQL and column list
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
view_nameYes
schemaNopublic

TDQS

A4.2/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries full burden. It discloses this is a read operation ('Get') and specifies the return format ('View definition SQL and column list'), which is good behavioral context. However, it doesn't mention potential errors (e.g., if view doesn't exist), permissions needed, or whether this is a lightweight vs. expensive operation.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is perfectly structured and concise: a clear purpose statement followed by organized Args and Returns sections. Every sentence earns its place, with no wasted words, and information is front-loaded appropriately.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a 2-parameter read tool with no annotations and no output schema, the description provides good coverage: clear purpose, parameter explanations, and return format. It's mostly complete but could benefit from mentioning error conditions or performance characteristics given the database context.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds meaningful context beyond the 0% schema coverage. It explains that 'view_name' is the 'Name of the view' and 'schema' is 'Schema name (default: public)', providing essential semantic understanding that the bare schema lacks. The only gap is not explaining format expectations for these parameters.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose with specific verbs ('Get the definition and columns') and resource ('of a view'), distinguishing it from siblings like describe_table (for tables) and list_views (which lists views without details). It precisely communicates what information will be retrieved.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage context by specifying it's for retrieving view metadata, but doesn't explicitly state when to use this vs. alternatives like describe_table or list_views. It provides clear context about what the tool does but lacks explicit comparison or exclusion guidance.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

executeA

Execute a write SQL statement (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE).

WARNING: This tool modifies data. Use with caution.
Only available if ALLOW_WRITE_OPERATIONS=true is set.

Args:
    sql: SQL statement to execute
    
Returns:
    Execution result with affected row count
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
sqlYes

TDQS

A4.6/5.0
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden and does well by disclosing critical behavioral traits: it's a data-modifying operation ('modifies data'), includes a caution warning, and specifies an environmental prerequisite. It could improve by mentioning transaction behavior or error handling.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is efficiently structured with purpose first, warnings and prerequisites clearly highlighted, and parameter/return sections separated. Every sentence adds value with no redundancy.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a write operation with no annotations and no output schema, the description is quite complete—covering purpose, warnings, prerequisites, parameters, and returns. It could be slightly improved by detailing the return format beyond 'affected row count'.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema description coverage is 0%, but the description compensates by explaining the 'sql' parameter as 'SQL statement to execute' and specifying it must be a write statement (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE), adding meaningful context beyond the bare schema.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose with specific verbs ('execute a write SQL statement') and resource types (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE), and distinguishes it from sibling tools that are primarily read operations like query, describe_table, etc.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines5/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

Explicit guidance is provided on when to use ('execute a write SQL statement') and when not to use ('Only available if ALLOW_WRITE_OPERATIONS=true is set'), with clear alternatives implied through sibling tool names like 'query' for read operations.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

explain_queryA

Get the execution plan for a SQL query (EXPLAIN).

Args:
    sql: SQL query to explain
    analyze: If true, actually runs the query to get real execution stats
             (EXPLAIN ANALYZE). Use with caution on slow queries.
    
Returns:
    Execution plan in JSON format with cost estimates
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
sqlYes
analyzeNo

TDQS

A4.5/5.0
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden. It discloses key behavioral traits: the tool performs a read operation (EXPLAIN), warns about performance implications of the 'analyze' parameter, and specifies the output format ('JSON format with cost estimates'). However, it lacks details on permissions, rate limits, or error handling.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is well-structured with clear sections (Args, Returns), uses bullet-like formatting for parameters, and every sentence adds value. It is front-loaded with the core purpose and efficiently conveys necessary details without redundancy.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's moderate complexity (2 parameters, no output schema, no annotations), the description is mostly complete. It covers purpose, parameters, and output format, but lacks information on prerequisites (e.g., database connection), error cases, or example usage, which would enhance completeness.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters5/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds significant meaning beyond the input schema, which has 0% coverage. It explains that 'sql' is the 'SQL query to explain' and clarifies that 'analyze' runs the query for real stats with a caution note. This fully compensates for the schema's lack of descriptions.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the specific action ('Get the execution plan for a SQL query') and resource ('SQL query'), using the technical term 'EXPLAIN' to distinguish it from siblings like 'execute' or 'query'. It precisely defines the tool's function without ambiguity.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides clear context on when to use the 'analyze' parameter ('Use with caution on slow queries'), but does not explicitly differentiate when to use this tool versus alternatives like 'execute' or 'query'. It implies usage for query optimization without naming specific sibling tools.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

get_database_infoB

Get database and connection information.

Returns:
    Database version, connection info, and settings
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault

No parameters

TDQS

B3.3/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, so the description carries the full burden. It states that the tool returns 'Database version, connection info, and settings', which gives some behavioral insight into the output. However, it doesn't disclose critical traits like whether this is a read-only operation, potential performance impacts, authentication needs, or error handling, leaving gaps for a tool that likely accesses system-level data.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is concise and well-structured, with two sentences that efficiently state the purpose and return values. It's front-loaded with the main action and avoids unnecessary details. However, it could be slightly more polished by integrating the return information into a single sentence, but overall, it's efficient with minimal waste.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's complexity (likely low, as it retrieves static info) and the lack of annotations and output schema, the description is minimally adequate. It explains what the tool does and what it returns, but for a database tool that might involve sensitive or system-level data, it should ideally mention safety, permissions, or data format to be more complete. Without an output schema, the return description helps, but more context would improve completeness.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The input schema has 0 parameters with 100% coverage, so the schema fully documents the lack of inputs. The description doesn't add parameter details, which is appropriate here. A baseline of 4 is given for zero parameters, as there's no need to compensate for missing information, and the description doesn't introduce confusion.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose with a specific verb ('Get') and resource ('database and connection information'), making it easy to understand what it does. However, it doesn't explicitly differentiate this from sibling tools like 'list_schemas' or 'table_stats', which might also provide database-related information, so it doesn't reach the highest score.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines2/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides no guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives. With many sibling tools available for database operations, there's no indication of whether this is for general metadata, specific configurations, or how it compares to tools like 'list_schemas' or 'query'. This lack of context leaves the agent to guess based on the name alone.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

list_constraintsA

List all constraints for a table (PK, FK, UNIQUE, CHECK).

Args:
    table_name: Name of the table
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    List of constraints with type, columns, and references
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
table_nameYes
schemaNopublic

TDQS

A4/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, so the description carries the full burden. It describes the return format ('List of constraints with type, columns, and references'), which is helpful behavioral context. However, it doesn't mention permissions needed, whether it's read-only, potential rate limits, or error conditions.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is efficiently structured with a clear purpose statement followed by Args and Returns sections. Every sentence adds value: the first explains what the tool does, the second documents parameters, and the third describes the return format.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a 2-parameter tool with no annotations and no output schema, the description provides good coverage: clear purpose, parameter explanations, and return format. It could be more complete by mentioning permissions or error handling, but it's substantially adequate for the tool's complexity.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

With 0% schema description coverage, the description compensates by explaining both parameters: 'table_name: Name of the table' and 'schema: Schema name (default: public)'. It adds meaning beyond the bare schema, though it doesn't elaborate on format requirements or constraints.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the specific action ('List all constraints') and resource ('for a table'), specifying the constraint types (PK, FK, UNIQUE, CHECK). It distinguishes from siblings like list_tables (lists tables) and list_indexes (lists indexes) by focusing specifically on constraints.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage when needing constraint information for a specific table, but doesn't explicitly state when to use this tool versus alternatives like describe_table (which might include constraints) or other list_* tools. No guidance on prerequisites or exclusions is provided.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

list_functionsB

List all functions and procedures in a schema.

Args:
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    List of functions with name, arguments, and return type
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
schemaNopublic

TDQS

B3.3/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It states what the tool does (listing functions) and the return format, but does not mention any behavioral traits such as permissions required, rate limits, pagination, or error handling. This is a significant gap for a tool with zero annotation coverage.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is appropriately sized and front-loaded, with the core purpose stated first, followed by structured sections for args and returns. Every sentence adds value, though the formatting with separate sections is slightly verbose but still efficient.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's low complexity (1 parameter, no output schema, no annotations), the description is somewhat complete but lacks depth. It covers the purpose, parameter semantics, and return format, but misses behavioral context like permissions or limitations, which is important for a database query tool with no structured annotations.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds meaningful context for the single parameter 'schema' by specifying it as the schema name with a default value of 'public', which is not covered in the input schema (0% schema description coverage). This compensates well for the lack of schema documentation, though it could include more details like format or constraints.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the verb 'List' and resource 'functions and procedures in a schema', making the purpose specific and understandable. However, it does not explicitly distinguish this tool from sibling tools like 'list_tables' or 'list_views', which list other database objects, missing an opportunity for full differentiation.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage for retrieving functions in a given schema, but provides no explicit guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives like 'describe_table' or 'query'. The context is clear but lacks any when/when-not statements or named alternatives, leaving usage somewhat open to interpretation.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

list_indexesB

List all indexes for a table.

Args:
    table_name: Name of the table
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    List of indexes with name, columns, type, and size
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
table_nameYes
schemaNopublic

TDQS

B3.2/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, so the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It states this is a list operation, implying read-only behavior, but doesn't specify if it requires database permissions, how it handles non-existent tables, or if there are rate limits. The description adds minimal behavioral context beyond the basic action, leaving gaps for a tool with no annotation coverage.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is appropriately sized and well-structured. It starts with a clear purpose statement, followed by organized sections for 'Args' and 'Returns', making it easy to scan. Every sentence adds value without redundancy, and the information is front-loaded for quick understanding.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's moderate complexity (2 parameters, no annotations, no output schema), the description is adequate but has gaps. It explains parameters and return values, but lacks behavioral details like error handling or performance implications. Without annotations or output schema, it should do more to cover usage context, but it meets a minimum viable level for a read-only list tool.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds significant value beyond the input schema, which has 0% schema description coverage. It explains that 'table_name' is the 'Name of the table' and 'schema' is the 'Schema name (default: public)', clarifying parameter meanings that aren't in the schema. However, it doesn't detail constraints like valid schema names or table naming conventions, slightly limiting its completeness.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose with a specific verb ('List') and resource ('indexes for a table'), making it easy to understand what it does. It distinguishes from siblings like 'list_tables' or 'list_constraints' by focusing specifically on indexes. However, it doesn't explicitly differentiate from all siblings (e.g., 'describe_table' might also provide index information), keeping it from a perfect score.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines2/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides no guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives. It doesn't mention when to choose 'list_indexes' over 'describe_table' (which might include index details) or 'list_constraints' (which might overlap with unique indexes). There's no context about prerequisites, such as needing table existence or specific permissions.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

list_schemasA

List all schemas in the PostgreSQL database.

Returns:
    List of schemas with name and owner
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault

No parameters

TDQS

A4/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It states the tool lists schemas and describes the return format (name and owner), which adds useful context beyond basic functionality. However, it lacks details on permissions, rate limits, or error handling, leaving gaps for a tool with no annotation support.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is front-loaded with the core purpose in the first sentence, followed by a concise explanation of returns. Every sentence earns its place by providing essential information without redundancy, making it highly efficient and well-structured.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's simplicity (0 parameters, no output schema, no annotations), the description is complete enough for a read-only listing operation. It covers purpose and return format adequately. However, it could improve by addressing potential limitations or linking to sibling tools for broader context.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The input schema has 0 parameters with 100% coverage, so no parameter documentation is needed. The description does not add parameter details, which is appropriate, but it compensates by explaining the return values, enhancing understanding of the tool's output semantics.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the specific action ('List all schemas') and resource ('in the PostgreSQL database'), distinguishing it from sibling tools like list_tables or list_views by focusing on schemas. It provides a precise verb+resource combination that leaves no ambiguity about its function.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage for retrieving schema-level information but does not explicitly state when to use this tool versus alternatives like get_database_info (which might include schema details) or other list_* tools. No guidance is provided on exclusions or prerequisites, leaving usage context inferred rather than stated.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

list_tablesA

List all tables in a specific schema.

Args:
    schema: Schema name to list tables from (default: public)
    
Returns:
    List of tables with name and type
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
schemaNopublic

TDQS

A4/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It mentions the return format ('List of tables with name and type'), which adds some context, but lacks details on permissions, pagination, error handling, or performance characteristics. This is a significant gap for a tool with zero annotation coverage.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is appropriately sized and front-loaded, with a clear purpose statement followed by structured sections for Args and Returns. Every sentence earns its place, providing essential information without waste.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's low complexity and lack of annotations or output schema, the description is moderately complete. It covers the purpose, parameter, and return format, but lacks behavioral details like side effects or error conditions, which are important for a read operation in a database context.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters5/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds substantial meaning beyond the input schema, which has 0% description coverage. It explains the parameter's purpose ('Schema name to list tables from'), provides a default value ('default: public'), and clarifies the return semantics, compensating fully for the schema's lack of documentation.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the specific action ('List all tables') and resource ('in a specific schema'), distinguishing it from siblings like list_views, list_functions, or list_schemas. It precisely defines the scope and target, avoiding vagueness.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage context by specifying 'in a specific schema' and providing a default value, which helps differentiate from broader tools like get_database_info. However, it does not explicitly state when not to use it or name alternatives, such as list_views for view-specific listings.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

list_viewsB

List all views in a schema.

Args:
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    List of views with name
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
schemaNopublic

TDQS

B3.1/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It states the action ('List all views') and return format ('List of views with name'), but lacks details on permissions, pagination, error handling, or whether it's read-only. For a tool with zero annotation coverage, this leaves significant gaps in understanding its behavior.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is appropriately sized and front-loaded, with the core purpose stated first followed by structured Args and Returns sections. Every sentence earns its place without redundancy, making it efficient and easy to parse.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's low complexity (1 parameter, no output schema, no annotations), the description is somewhat complete but has gaps. It covers the purpose and return format, yet lacks usage guidelines and detailed behavioral context. For a simple list tool, it's adequate but not fully comprehensive.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds minimal semantics beyond the input schema, which has 0% description coverage. It explains the 'schema' parameter as 'Schema name (default: public)', matching the schema's default but not providing additional context like valid values or examples. With one parameter and low schema coverage, it partially compensates but remains basic.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the verb ('List') and resource ('views in a schema'), making the purpose specific and understandable. It distinguishes from siblings like list_tables or list_functions by focusing on views, though it doesn't explicitly contrast them. The description avoids tautology by not just restating the tool name.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines2/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

No guidance is provided on when to use this tool versus alternatives. While it implicitly targets views, it doesn't mention when to choose list_views over other list_* tools or how it relates to describe_view. There's no context on prerequisites or exclusions, leaving usage unclear.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

queryA

Execute a SQL query against the PostgreSQL database.

This tool is READ-ONLY by default. Use the 'execute' tool for write operations.

Args:
    sql: SQL query to execute (SELECT statements only)
    
Returns:
    Query results with rows, columns, and metadata
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
sqlYes

TDQS

A4.6/5.0
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It effectively communicates that the tool is read-only ('READ-ONLY by default'), specifies the type of SQL allowed ('SELECT statements only'), and describes the return format ('rows, columns, and metadata'). However, it doesn't mention potential limitations like query timeout, result size limits, or authentication requirements.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is perfectly structured and concise: a clear purpose statement, important behavioral context, and parameter/return documentation in separate labeled sections. Every sentence adds value with zero wasted words, making it easy to scan and understand quickly.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a single-parameter read-only query tool with no annotations or output schema, the description provides excellent context: purpose, usage guidelines, behavioral constraints, parameter meaning, and return format. The main gap is lack of output schema documentation, but the description compensates well by describing return values. Slightly more detail on potential limitations would make it complete.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

With 0% schema description coverage for the single parameter, the description compensates by explaining the 'sql' parameter meaning ('SQL query to execute') and adding the critical constraint 'SELECT statements only' that isn't in the schema. This provides essential semantic context beyond the bare schema, though it could specify format expectations or examples.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose with specific verb ('Execute') and resource ('SQL query against the PostgreSQL database'), distinguishing it from sibling tools like 'execute' for write operations and 'explain_query' for analysis. It precisely defines what the tool does without being vague or tautological.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines5/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides explicit guidance on when to use this tool vs alternatives: 'READ-ONLY by default' and 'Use the 'execute' tool for write operations.' It clearly distinguishes between read (SELECT) and write operations, naming the specific alternative tool for different use cases.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

search_columnsB

Search for columns by name across all tables.

Args:
    search_term: Column name pattern to search (case-insensitive)
    schema: Optional schema to limit search (default: all user schemas)
    
Returns:
    List of matching columns with table information
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
search_termYes
schemaNo

TDQS

B3.4/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, so the description carries the full burden of behavioral disclosure. It mentions that the search is 'case-insensitive' and returns a 'List of matching columns with table information', which adds some context. However, it lacks details on permissions, rate limits, error handling, or whether the search is real-time or cached, leaving gaps for a mutation-like operation (searching across databases).

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is appropriately sized and front-loaded: the first sentence states the purpose clearly, followed by structured sections for 'Args' and 'Returns' that are concise and informative. Every sentence earns its place without redundancy, making it easy to scan and understand quickly.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's moderate complexity (searching across tables with 2 parameters), no annotations, and no output schema, the description is somewhat complete but has gaps. It covers the purpose and parameters well but lacks behavioral details like error cases or performance implications. The absence of an output schema means the description should ideally explain return values more thoroughly, which it does partially but not fully.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds meaningful semantics beyond the input schema, which has 0% description coverage. It explains that 'search_term' is a 'Column name pattern to search (case-insensitive)' and 'schema' is 'Optional schema to limit search (default: all user schemas)', clarifying usage and default behavior. This compensates well for the low schema coverage, though it doesn't detail pattern syntax (e.g., wildcards).

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose: 'Search for columns by name across all tables.' This specifies the verb ('search'), resource ('columns'), and scope ('across all tables'), making it easy to understand what the tool does. However, it doesn't explicitly differentiate from sibling tools like 'describe_table' or 'list_tables', which is why it doesn't reach a score of 5.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage by mentioning 'across all tables' and the optional 'schema' parameter to limit the search, but it doesn't provide explicit guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives like 'describe_table' or 'list_tables'. There's no mention of prerequisites, exclusions, or specific scenarios where this tool is preferred over others.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

table_statsB

Get statistics for a table (row count, size, bloat).

Args:
    table_name: Name of the table
    schema: Schema name (default: public)
    
Returns:
    Table statistics including row count, sizes, and vacuum info
ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
table_nameYes
schemaNopublic

TDQS

B3.4/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

With no annotations provided, the description carries the full burden. It clearly describes the read-only nature ('Get statistics') and specifies what information is returned, but lacks details on behavioral aspects like error handling, performance implications, or whether it requires specific permissions.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is well-structured and appropriately sized. It front-loads the core purpose, then clearly lists arguments and returns in separate sections. Every sentence adds value with no redundant information.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the tool's moderate complexity (2 parameters, no output schema, no annotations), the description is adequate but has gaps. It covers the purpose and parameters well, but lacks information about return format details (e.g., structure of 'vacuum info') and doesn't address potential limitations or error cases.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The description adds significant value beyond the input schema, which has 0% description coverage. It explains both parameters: 'table_name' as 'Name of the table' and 'schema' as 'Schema name (default: public)', including the default value. This compensates well for the schema's lack of descriptions.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's purpose with a specific verb ('Get') and resource ('statistics for a table'), and lists the specific statistics returned (row count, size, bloat). However, it doesn't explicitly differentiate from sibling tools like 'describe_table' or 'list_tables', which might also provide table information.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines2/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides no guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives. It doesn't mention sibling tools like 'describe_table' (which might provide metadata) or 'list_tables' (which might list tables without statistics), leaving the agent to infer usage context.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

TDQS

A4/5.0
Disambiguation5/5

Each tool has a clearly distinct purpose with no ambiguity. For example, describe_table focuses on table structure, while table_stats provides statistical metrics, and list_constraints is separate from list_indexes. The descriptions clearly differentiate overlapping concepts like query (read-only) vs execute (write operations).

Naming Consistency5/5

All tools follow a consistent verb_noun pattern with snake_case throughout. The naming convention is perfectly predictable: list_tables, describe_table, search_columns, explain_query, etc. There are no deviations in style or convention across the 14 tools.

Tool Count5/5

14 tools is well-scoped for a PostgreSQL database management server. Each tool earns its place by covering distinct aspects of database interaction: schema exploration, table analysis, query execution, and metadata inspection. The count aligns perfectly with the comprehensive but focused domain coverage.

Completeness5/5

The tool surface provides complete coverage for PostgreSQL database interaction. It includes schema listing, table/view description, query execution (both read and write), performance analysis (explain_query), metadata inspection (constraints, indexes, functions), and search capabilities. No obvious gaps exist for typical database exploration and management workflows.

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