eurlex-mcp-server
This server provides direct access to EU legal documents and case law via the EUR-Lex Cellar API — no API key required. It offers 11 tools for searching, fetching, and analyzing EU legal documents:
eurlex_search: Search EU legal acts by title substring, with optional filters for document type, language, and date range.eurlex_fetch: Retrieve full text of any act by CELEX ID, ELI, or Official Journal reference, with pagination for long documents.eurlex_metadata: Get structured metadata (dates, in-force status, authors, legal basis, EuroVoc descriptors, directory codes).eurlex_citations: Explore citation graphs — which acts a document cites, which cite it, and amendment/repeal relationships.eurlex_by_eurovoc: Thematic search by EuroVoc concept label or URI, even when the term doesn't appear in the title.eurlex_consolidated: Fetch the latest in-force, amendment-merged text of regulations, directives, or decisions.eurlex_case_law: Search CJEU judgments, orders, and Advocate General opinions by party name, ECLI, CELEX, or related legal act.eurlex_transposition: List national implementing measures (NIMs) for a directive, filterable by member state.eurlex_structure: Get a document outline with character offsets for chapters, articles, annexes, and judgment paragraphs — enabling targeted reading.eurlex_summary: Retrieve the official plain-language LEGISSUM editorial summary of an act.eurlex_sparql: Run read-only SPARQL SELECT/ASK queries directly against the Cellar endpoint for advanced custom lookups.
Additional features: supports all 24 official EU languages, accepts multiple identifier formats (CELEX, ELI, OJ references), includes built-in retry with backoff and in-process caching for resilience and performance.
Search and retrieve EU law via the EUR-Lex Cellar API, providing tools for searching legal acts, fetching full text, metadata, citation graphs, EuroVoc-based discovery, and consolidated versions.
Click on "Install Server".
Wait a few minutes for the server to deploy. Once ready, it will show a "Started" state.
In the chat, type
@followed by the MCP server name and your instructions, e.g., "@eurlex-mcp-serverFind EU regulations about artificial intelligence from 2024"
That's it! The server will respond to your query, and you can continue using it as needed.
Here is a step-by-step guide with screenshots.
eurlex-mcp-server
Search and retrieve EU law via the EUR-Lex Cellar API -- an MCP server that gives AI assistants direct access to EU regulations, directives, court decisions, and more. No API key required.
What You Can Do
Ask your AI assistant questions like:
"Find EU regulations about artificial intelligence from 2024"
"Show me the full text of the AI Act (32024R1689)"
"What EuroVoc topics are assigned to the GDPR?"
"Which EU acts are about cybersecurity as a topic, even if the word isn't in the title?"
"Which documents cite the Digital Services Act?"
"Search for directives about renewable energy"
"Get the consolidated version of Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR)"
"Which CJEU judgments interpret the GDPR?"
"Look up the Court of Justice ruling with ECLI ECLI:EU:C:2014:317"
"How did Germany transpose the NIS2 Directive?"
"Outline the AI Act, then show me just Article 5"
"Give me the plain-language summary of the Digital Services Act"
Related MCP server: Comprehensive EU Law MCP Server
Features
11 specialized tools for searching, fetching, and analyzing EU legal documents (see Tool Reference)
EuroVoc thesaurus search -- find documents by EU taxonomy concepts, with automatic label fallback across all 24 languages
CJEU case law -- find judgments, orders, and Advocate General opinions by ECLI, CELEX, party/title, or the act they interpret
National transposition measures (NIM) -- list how member states transposed a given directive into national law
Document outline + targeted reading -- get an act's table of contents with plain-text offsets, then jump straight to a specific article with
eurlex_fetch; for CJEU case law (CELEX sector 6) the outline also lists each numbered judgment paragraph asParagraph N, so you can jump to a specific paragraph the same way (paragraph detection is language-independent)Plain-language summaries -- retrieve the EU's LEGISSUM summary of an act
Raw SPARQL escape hatch -- run read-only
SELECT/ASKqueries directly against Cellar for questions the other tools can't expressConsolidated versions -- retrieve the latest in-force text of regulations, directives, and decisions, identified by CELEX ID or by doc type + year + number
Citation graph -- explore which documents cite or are cited by a given act, with a balanced split between the two directions
Structured metadata -- dates (with
nullinstead of Cellar's9999-12-31sentinel for open-ended validity), in-force status, authors, legal basis, EuroVoc descriptors, and directory codesFlexible identifiers --
eurlex_fetch,eurlex_metadata, andeurlex_structureaccept a CELEX ID, an ELI (e.g.reg/2016/679), or a post-2023 Official Journal reference (e.g.OJ:L_202401689)Structured output -- every tool returns a machine-readable
structuredContentpayload validated against a publishedoutputSchema, alongside the JSON text blockOffset-based pagination --
eurlex_fetch,eurlex_consolidated, andeurlex_summaryreturnnext_offsetso long documents can be read in successive callsAll 24 official EU languages -- request titles and full text in any official EU language (default English; configurable via
EURLEX_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE)No API key required -- uses the public EUR-Lex Cellar SPARQL endpoint
Resilient by default -- automatic retry with backoff on transient Cellar errors, and in-process caching of EuroVoc labels, consolidated-CELEX lookups, and metadata to cut latency on repeat requests
Quick Start
pnpm dlx eurlex-mcp-serverOr with npx:
npx -y eurlex-mcp-serverConfiguration
Claude Desktop
Add to your claude_desktop_config.json:
{
"mcpServers": {
"eurlex": {
"command": "npx",
"args": ["-y", "eurlex-mcp-server"],
"env": {
"EURLEX_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE": "DEU"
}
}
}
}The env block is optional. Set EURLEX_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE to change the default language every
tool uses when no language parameter is passed -- see Default language below.
The other MCP clients below accept the same env block.
Claude Code
claude mcp add eurlex-mcp-server -- npx -y eurlex-mcp-serverVS Code
Add to .vscode/mcp.json:
{
"servers": {
"eurlex": {
"command": "npx",
"args": ["-y", "eurlex-mcp-server"]
}
}
}Cursor
Add to .cursor/mcp.json:
{
"mcpServers": {
"eurlex": {
"command": "npx",
"args": ["-y", "eurlex-mcp-server"]
}
}
}Windsurf
Add to ~/.windsurf/mcp.json:
{
"mcpServers": {
"eurlex": {
"command": "npx",
"args": ["-y", "eurlex-mcp-server"]
}
}
}Default language
Language-aware tools default to English (ENG) when no language parameter is passed. Set the
EURLEX_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE environment variable to change that default to any of the 24 official EU
languages, given as a Cellar 3-letter code (case-insensitive, e.g. DEU, FRA, POL). It is read
once at startup and applies to both transports (stdio and HTTP); for an HTTP deployment it sets
the default for every session of the process. An unset or invalid value falls back to ENG (an
invalid value also logs a one-line warning to stderr). A per-call language parameter always
overrides this default.
EURLEX_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE=DEUFor stdio MCP clients, set it via the env block in the client config (see the Claude Desktop
example above).
HTTP Transport (Remote Deployments)
When running the server over HTTP (pnpm start:http / dist/http.js) instead of stdio, it's exposed
to any client that can reach it over the network. To protect against DNS rebinding attacks, set these
environment variables:
Variable | Required | Description |
| no (but strongly recommended for public deployments) | Comma-separated list of allowed |
| no | Comma-separated list of allowed |
| no | Default language (Cellar 3-letter code, case-insensitive) used when a tool call omits |
Important: If your server runs behind a reverse proxy or load balancer, ensure it forwards the original Host header unmodified (e.g. nginx proxy_set_header Host $host;), otherwise MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS validation will reject all legitimate traffic — the SDK compares the raw Host header as an exact string.
Production example:
MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS=mcp.honeyfield.atThis protection is opt-in. If MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS is not set, the server starts as before and logs
a one-line startup warning (MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS not set — DNS rebinding protection disabled). Any public
deployment should set MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS to its public hostname(s).
Tool Reference
The server exposes 11 read-only tools. Every tool returns both a JSON text block and a machine-readable structuredContent payload validated against a published outputSchema, so MCP clients can consume either representation. Tools that return titles or document text accept a language parameter taking any of the 24 official EU languages as a Cellar 3-letter code (default ENG, or whatever EURLEX_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE is set to): BUL, SPA, CES, DAN, DEU, EST, ELL, ENG, FRA, GLE, HRV, ITA, LAV, LIT, HUN, MLT, NLD, POL, POR, RON, SLK, SLV, FIN, SWE.
Tool | Purpose |
| Title-substring search over legislation |
| Full text of an act (by CELEX / ELI / OJ reference) |
| Structured metadata for an act |
| Citation graph (cites / cited-by / amends / …) |
| Thematic search by EuroVoc concept |
| Latest in-force consolidated text |
| CJEU judgments, orders, and AG opinions |
| National transposition measures for a directive |
| Document outline with plain-text offsets |
| Plain-language LEGISSUM summary |
| Raw read-only SPARQL escape hatch |
eurlex_search
Searches EU legal acts by title substring -- a contiguous, case-insensitive phrase match against the document title, not tokenized full-text search. For thematic discovery (the term may not appear in the title) use eurlex_by_eurovoc instead. Results are sorted newest-first within the fetched sample: for very broad single-word queries this is not guaranteed to be the globally newest match -- narrow with resource_type or date_from/date_to if that matters. The response no longer echoes the internal SPARQL query.
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | yes | -- | Title substring to match (3-500 chars), e.g. |
| string | no |
| Document type filter: |
| string | no |
| Language for titles and full text: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code, e.g. |
| number | no |
| Max results (1-50) |
| string | no | -- | Filter from date, format: |
| string | no | -- | Filter to date, format: |
eurlex_fetch
Retrieve the full text of a document, identified by exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. Long documents are paginated: the response includes returned_chars, total_chars, and next_offset (pass it as the next call's offset to keep reading; next_offset is null once there's nothing left).
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | no* | -- | CELEX identifier, e.g. |
| string | no* | -- | European Legislation Identifier, short ( |
| string | no* | -- | Post-2023 Official Journal reference, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Language: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Output format: |
| number | no |
| Max characters returned per call (1000-50000) |
| number | no |
| Character offset into the processed document, for pagination |
* Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref.
eurlex_metadata
Retrieve structured metadata for a document: document/entry-into-force/end-of-validity/transposition dates, in-force status, authors, legal basis, EuroVoc descriptors, and directory codes. Identified by exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref (same identifier inputs as eurlex_fetch).
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | no* | -- | CELEX identifier, e.g. |
| string | no* | -- | European Legislation Identifier, short or full form; resolved to a CELEX via Cellar |
| string | no* | -- | Post-2023 Official Journal reference, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Language for titles and EuroVoc labels: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code, e.g. |
* Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref.
Notes on the response:
authorslists the resolved agent names (e.g. "European Parliament", "Council of the European Union") instead of an empty array.legal_basislists the CELEX IDs of the acts this document is based on.Date fields (
date_document,date_entry_into_force,date_end_of_validity,date_transposition) arenullwhen absent -- including Cellar's9999-12-31sentinel for acts with no defined end of validity, which is normalized tonull.directory_codesare human-readable ("{code-tail}: {label}", wherecode-tailis the fragment after the last/of the directory-code URI), not raw URIs.
eurlex_citations
Explore the citation graph of a document -- which acts it cites, which acts cite it, and amends/based-on/repeals relations.
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | yes | -- | CELEX identifier, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Language for titles: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code, e.g. |
| string | no |
|
|
| number | no |
| Max results (1-100) |
With direction: "both", the two directions are queried and split evenly (roughly limit / 2 each) so that a burst of recent cited_by entries can't crowd out cites results. The response includes a counts: { cites, cited_by } object reporting how many of each were actually found.
eurlex_by_eurovoc
Find documents by EuroVoc thesaurus concept (label or URI).
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | yes | -- | EuroVoc concept: label (e.g. |
| string | no |
| Document type filter (same values as |
| string | no |
| Language: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code, e.g. |
| number | no |
| Max results (1-50) |
eurlex_consolidated
Retrieve the consolidated (in-force) version of a regulation, directive, or decision. Identify the act with either celex_id or doc_type + year + number -- provide exactly one of the two forms. Like eurlex_fetch, the content is paginated via offset/max_chars/next_offset. The response also includes consolidated_celex (e.g. "02016R0679-20160504") and consolidation_date ("2016-05-04", parsed from that CELEX's date suffix; null if the resolved CELEX has none).
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | no* | -- | CELEX ID of the original act, e.g. |
| string | no* | -- | Document type: |
| number | no* | -- | Year of the act (1950-2100), e.g. |
| number | no* | -- | Document number, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Language: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Output format: |
| number | no |
| Max characters returned per call (1000-50000) |
| number | no |
| Character offset into the processed document, for pagination |
* Exactly one of celex_id or the doc_type+year+number triple must be provided.
eurlex_case_law
Search Court of Justice of the EU case law -- judgments, orders, and Advocate General opinions of the Court of Justice and the General Court. Provide at least one of query, celex_id, ecli, or related_celex (they may be combined). Each result gives celex, ecli, title, date, type, and eurlex_url. Use this for case law; eurlex_search covers only legislation.
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | no* | -- | Title/party substring (3-500 chars). CJEU titles start with a |
| string | no* | -- | Sector-6 CELEX of a specific ruling, e.g. |
| string | no* | -- | European Case Law Identifier, e.g. |
| string | no* | -- | CELEX of a legal act (e.g. |
| string | no |
|
|
| string | no |
|
|
| string | no |
| Language of the title: any of the 24 official EU languages (Cellar 3-letter code) |
| number | no |
| Max results (1-50) |
| string | no | -- | Filter from this judgment date, format |
| string | no | -- | Filter up to this judgment date, format |
* Provide at least one of query, celex_id, ecli, or related_celex.
eurlex_transposition
List the national implementing measures (NIMs) EU member states enacted to transpose a directive into national law -- for transposition and compliance tracking. Each result gives the member state, the national measure's title (in that state's own official language, not translated), its date, the sector-7 NIM CELEX, and a EUR-Lex URL. total_found reports the full count; results is capped at limit. Regulations and decisions generally have no NIMs.
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | yes | -- | Sector-3 CELEX of the directive, e.g. |
| string | no | -- | Filter by EU 2-letter member-state code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, except Greece = |
| string | no |
| Sets the locale of each |
| number | no |
| Max measures returned (1-100) |
eurlex_structure
Return the outline (table of contents) of an act -- its chapters, sections, articles, and annexes -- each with a character offset into the document's plain text. Use it as a map for targeted reading: read an article's offset, then call eurlex_fetch(celex_id, format:"plain", offset, max_chars) to jump straight to that article. Pass the same language to the follow-up fetch and keep format:"plain" -- offsets are language- and plain-text-specific. Heading recognition covers English, German, and French. For case-law documents (CELEX sector 6, e.g. CJEU judgments) the outline additionally lists each numbered judgment paragraph as "Paragraph N" (level 4); numbered-paragraph detection is language-independent (it keys on the paragraph number, not heading words), so you can get the offset of e.g. paragraph 72 of a judgment and jump eurlex_fetch straight to it. Each outline entry has level (1=part/title/annex, 2=chapter, 3=section, 4=article/paragraph), label (e.g. "Article 5", "Paragraph 72"), title, and offset; total_headings is the full count and the list is capped at 300 for very large acts (truncated=true).
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | no* | -- | CELEX identifier, e.g. |
| string | no* | -- | European Legislation Identifier, short or full form; resolved to a CELEX via Cellar |
| string | no* | -- | Post-2023 Official Journal reference, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Language of the document to outline (Cellar 3-letter code); heading labels and offsets are language-specific |
* Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref.
eurlex_summary
Return the EU's own plain-language "summary of legislation" (LEGISSUM) for an act -- a good quick overview before reading the full legal text. Paginated like eurlex_fetch (offset/max_chars/next_offset). total_summaries is 0 when no summary exists (many acts have none); when several exist, the primary summary's text is returned and the rest are listed in other_summaries.
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | yes | -- | CELEX of the act to summarize, e.g. |
| string | no |
| Language of the summary (Cellar 3-letter code); summaries are typically available in all 24 languages |
| number | no |
| Max characters returned per call (1000-50000) |
| number | no |
| Character offset into the processed summary, for pagination |
eurlex_sparql
Expert escape hatch: run a raw, read-only SPARQL query directly against the Cellar endpoint for questions the other tools cannot express. Requires knowledge of the CDM ontology -- see the eurlex_guide prompt for a property cheat sheet. Read-only: only SELECT and ASK are accepted; SPARQL Update and federated SERVICE clauses are rejected. A SELECT with no top-level LIMIT gets LIMIT 50 appended; a top-level LIMIT above 100 is rejected. The response carries vars/bindings (SELECT) or boolean (ASK) plus row_count, returned_rows, and a truncated flag (bindings are dropped whole to stay within a ~40,000-char budget).
Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
| string | yes | -- | A raw SPARQL 1.1 |
CELEX Number Schema
CELEX identifiers uniquely identify EU legal documents. The format is:
[sector][year][type][number]Sector (1 digit):
3= legislation,6= case law,7= national transposition measures (the sectors these tools cover)Year (4 digits): year of the document
Type (1-2 letters):
R= regulation,L= directive,D= decision,J= judgment, etc.Number: sequential number
Examples:
CELEX | Document |
| AI Act (Regulation 2024/1689) |
| GDPR (Regulation 2016/679) |
| Digital Services Act (Regulation 2022/2065) |
| Court of Justice case C-131/14 |
Development
Setup
git clone https://github.com/Honeyfield-Org/eurlex-mcp-server.git
cd eurlex-mcp-server
pnpm install
pnpm buildCommands
Command | Description |
| Start dev server with hot reload |
| Compile TypeScript |
| Run unit tests |
| Run tests in watch mode |
| Run integration tests (hits real API) |
| Start production server |
Testing
pnpm test # unit tests
pnpm test:integration # integration tests (hits real API)Limitations
Rate limits: The EUR-Lex Cellar API is public but may throttle excessive requests.
Document availability: Not all documents have full text in all languages.
Consolidated versions: Only available for regulations, directives, and decisions.
Response size: Full text is returned per call in
max_charsslices (default 20,000 characters) to stay within LLM context limits -- useoffset/next_offsetoneurlex_fetch/eurlex_consolidated/eurlex_summaryto read the rest.SPARQL timeouts: Complex queries may occasionally time out on the Cellar endpoint despite the built-in retry with backoff; narrow broad
eurlex_search/eurlex_by_eurovocqueries withresource_typeor date filters if this happens.Search ordering:
eurlex_searchresults are sorted newest-first within the fetched sample only -- for very broad queries this is not guaranteed to be the single globally newest match.
Contributing
See CONTRIBUTING.md for development setup, architecture overview, and submission guidelines.
License
Available Tools
6 toolseurlex_by_eurovocARead-onlyIdempotent
Searches EU legal acts by EuroVoc thematic concept — the right tool for "documents about X" when the term may not appear in the title. Accepts a concept label in any official EU language (e.g. "artificial intelligence") or a EuroVoc URI; label resolution automatically falls back across all 24 official EU languages if the request language has no match, so the example works regardless of the default language.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| limit | No | Maximum number of results | |
| concept | Yes | EuroVoc concept: a label (e.g. 'artificial intelligence') or a URI (e.g. 'http://eurovoc.europa.eu/4424') | |
| language | No | Language of the title and EuroVoc labels, as a Cellar 3-letter code (any of the 24 official EU languages, e.g. DEU, ENG, FRA, POL, SPA) | ENG |
| resource_type | No | Document type filter | any |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| total | Yes | Number of results in `results` |
| results | Yes | Acts tagged with the EuroVoc concept |
TDQS
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already provide readOnlyHint, openWorldHint, idempotentHint, and destructiveHint=false. The description adds behavioral details: it accepts labels or URIs, performs automatic language fallback across all 24 EU languages, and searches by concept rather than exact string match. No contradiction with annotations.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is three sentences, front-loaded with purpose and use case. Every sentence adds value without redundancy. It is concise and well-structured.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the existence of an output schema (so return values are covered) and rich annotations, the description covers core functionality, input formats, and language fallback. It hints at differentiation from siblings via the 'right tool' statement but does not fully contrast with all sibling tools. Overall, it is complete for a search tool with this parameter set.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema description coverage is 100%, so baseline is 3. The description adds meaningful context for the 'concept' parameter by explaining it accepts labels or URIs and that label resolution falls back across languages. This goes beyond the schema's description. Other parameters (limit, language, resource_type) are not elaborated but schema already covers them well.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states the tool searches EU legal acts by EuroVoc thematic concept. It distinguishes itself as the right tool when the term may not appear in the title, contrasting with potential title-based searches. The verb 'searches' is specific and the resource 'EU legal acts by EuroVoc concept' is well-defined.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description indicates when to use this tool ('documents about X' when term not in title) and provides context on language fallback. It implies it is not for title-based searches but does not explicitly name alternatives or exclusions. Overall, usage context is clear.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
eurlex_case_lawARead-onlyIdempotent
Finds Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) case law — judgments (JUDG), orders (ORDER), and Advocate General opinions (OPIN_AG) of the Court of Justice and the General Court. Look up rulings four ways (at least one required, combinable): query=title/party substring (e.g. "Schrems"), celex_id=a sector-6 CELEX (e.g. "62012CJ0131"), ecli=a European Case Law Identifier (e.g. "ECLI:EU:C:2014:317"), or related_celex=a legal act's CELEX (e.g. "32016R0679") to get the case law interpreting that act. Narrow with court (COURT_JUSTICE/GENERAL_COURT), type, language, and date_from/date_to. Unlike eurlex_search (which searches legislation by title), this tool is scoped to case law and understands ECLIs and act-to-case-law relations. Each hit returns celex, ecli, title, date, type, and eurlex_url.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| ecli | No | European Case Law Identifier, e.g. "ECLI:EU:C:2014:317" (Google Spain). | |
| type | No | Procedure type filter: JUDG=judgment, ORDER=court order, OPIN_AG=Advocate General opinion, any=all case-law document types (incl. procedural notices). | any |
| court | No | Court filter: COURT_JUSTICE=Court of Justice, GENERAL_COURT=General Court, any=both. | any |
| limit | No | Maximum number of results | |
| query | No | Title substring to search for among case law, e.g. "Schrems" or a party name. Matched as a contiguous phrase, case-insensitive. Note: CJEU titles begin with a boilerplate prefix ("Judgment of the Court …"); party names appear after it. | |
| date_to | No | Filter up to this judgment date, format YYYY-MM-DD | |
| celex_id | No | Sector-6 CELEX identifier of a specific ruling, e.g. "62012CJ0131" (Google Spain). | |
| language | No | Language of the title, as a Cellar 3-letter code (any of the 24 official EU languages, e.g. DEU, ENG, FRA, POL, SPA). A ruling with no title in this language yields no result. | ENG |
| date_from | No | Filter from this judgment date onward, format YYYY-MM-DD | |
| related_celex | No | CELEX of a legal act (e.g. "32016R0679" for the GDPR); returns the case law that interprets that act. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| total | Yes | Number of entries in `results` |
| results | Yes |
TDQS
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnlyHint, idempotentHint, openWorldHint, and destructiveHint. The description adds significant behavioral detail: CJEU title prefix pattern, query matching as contiguous and case-insensitive, language-specific result behavior, and the fact that party names appear after the prefix.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is a single paragraph of about 100 words, front-loaded with the main function. Every sentence adds distinct information, and there is no redundant or filler content.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given 10 parameters, enums, and an output schema, the description covers all lookup modes, filters, and result fields. It references the output schema implicitly by listing return fields (celex, ecli, etc.), making it complete for an agent to understand usage.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Despite 100% schema coverage, the description adds value by explaining how lookup methods are combinable, that at least one is required, and provides clarifying examples (e.g., '62012CJ0131' for Google Spain). It also notes that date filters are for judgment dates and that query matches a contiguous phrase.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states the tool finds CJEU case law, lists specific document types, and distinguishes from sibling tool eurlex_search which searches legislation. It gives four explicit lookup methods with examples.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description explicitly contrasts with eurlex_search, stating this tool is scoped to case law and understands ECLIs. It implies when to use each lookup method but could be more explicit about when not to use.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
eurlex_fetchARead-onlyIdempotent
Fetches the full text of an EU legal act. Identify it by celex_id (e.g. "32024R1689"), by eli (e.g. "reg/2016/679" or a full ELI URL), or by oj_ref (post-2023 Official Journal reference, e.g. "OJ:L_202401689") — provide exactly one. Paginate long documents with offset and max_chars: pass the previous response's next_offset to continue reading until it is null.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| eli | No | European Legislation Identifier (ELI), short or full form, e.g. "reg/2016/679" or "http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj" (GDPR). Resolved to a CELEX ID via Cellar. Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. | |
| format | No | Output format: xhtml=structured XHTML, plain=text with XHTML tags stripped | xhtml |
| offset | No | Character offset for pagination (0-based) | |
| oj_ref | No | Official Journal reference in the post-2023 scheme, e.g. "OJ:L_202401689" (AI Act). Resolved to a CELEX ID via Cellar. Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. | |
| celex_id | No | CELEX identifier, e.g. "32024R1689" (AI Act). Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. | |
| language | No | Language of the full text, as a Cellar 3-letter code (any of the 24 official EU languages, e.g. DEU, ENG, FRA, POL, SPA) | ENG |
| max_chars | No | Maximum number of characters returned |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| offset | Yes | The offset this window was sliced from |
| content | Yes | The document text in the requested window/format |
| celex_id | Yes | The resolved CELEX ID the text was fetched for |
| language | Yes | Cellar 3-letter language code of the text |
| truncated | Yes | True when more text remains beyond this window |
| source_url | Yes | Cellar REST URL of the fetched resource |
| next_offset | Yes | Offset to request next, or null when there is no more content |
| total_chars | Yes | Length of the full processed document |
| returned_chars | Yes | Length of `content` |
TDQS
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already provide readOnlyHint, idempotentHint, destructiveHint. The description adds context about pagination behavior and identifier resolution via Cellar, but does not disclose other traits like rate limits or return format details beyond the schema.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is one paragraph of four sentences, front-loaded with purpose, then identifier options, then pagination. Every sentence is necessary and there is no redundant text.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the tool's complexity (7 parameters, pagination, output schema exists), the description covers identification and pagination well. It does not detail the language parameter or format options, but those are covered in schema. Missing explicit mention of full-text scope (already clear from purpose).
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100%, so baseline is 3. The description adds meaning by explaining the exclusive OR relationship among celex_id, eli, and oj_ref, and the pagination flow with next_offset, which goes beyond individual parameter descriptions.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description uses a specific verb ('Fetches the full text') and resource ('EU legal act'), and clearly distinguishes from siblings like eurlex_summary or eurlex_structure by emphasizing full text retrieval and multiple identifier options.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description explicitly states 'provide exactly one' of the identifiers and gives examples for each. It also explains pagination with offset and max_chars, linking to next_offset. However, it does not explicitly exclude usage in favor of sibling tools.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
eurlex_structureARead-onlyIdempotent
Returns the outline (table of contents) of an EU legal act — its chapters, sections, articles and annexes — each with a character offset into the document's plain text. Use it as a map for targeted reading: read an article's offset from the outline, then call eurlex_fetch(celex_id, format:"plain", offset, max_chars) with that offset to jump straight to that article instead of paging from the top of a long act. Identify the act by celex_id (e.g. "32024R1689"), eli, or oj_ref — provide exactly one. Each outline entry has: level (1=part/title/annex, 2=chapter, 3=section, 4=article), label (e.g. "Article 5", "CHAPTER III"), title (the heading's subtitle, e.g. "Prohibited AI practices"), and offset. total_headings is the full count; the returned list is capped at 300 for very large acts (truncated=true). Heading offsets are specific to the chosen language and to plain (tag-stripped) text — pass the SAME language to the follow-up eurlex_fetch call and keep format:"plain". Heading recognition covers English, German and French documents. For case-law documents (CELEX sector 6, e.g. CJEU judgments) the outline additionally lists each numbered judgment paragraph as "Paragraph N" (level 4); numbered-paragraph detection works in any language (it keys on the paragraph number, not heading words) — so you can get the offset of, say, paragraph 72 of a judgment and jump eurlex_fetch straight to it.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| eli | No | European Legislation Identifier (ELI), short or full form, e.g. "reg/2016/679" or "http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj" (GDPR). Resolved to a CELEX ID via Cellar. Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. | |
| oj_ref | No | Official Journal reference in the post-2023 scheme, e.g. "OJ:L_202401689" (AI Act). Resolved to a CELEX ID via Cellar. Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. | |
| celex_id | No | CELEX identifier, e.g. "32024R1689" (AI Act). Provide exactly one of celex_id, eli, or oj_ref. | |
| language | No | Language of the document to outline, as a Cellar 3-letter code (any of the 24 official EU languages, e.g. DEU, ENG, FRA). Heading labels are language-specific; the returned offsets index the plain text of THIS language, so pass the same language to the follow-up eurlex_fetch call. | ENG |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| note | No | Present only when no headings were found or the outline was truncated |
| outline | Yes | Headings in document order |
| celex_id | Yes | The resolved CELEX ID (echoed for the follow-up eurlex_fetch) |
| language | Yes | |
| returned | Yes | Number of headings in `outline` (<= total_headings) |
| truncated | Yes | True when `outline` was capped below total_headings |
| source_url | Yes | |
| total_chars | Yes | Length of the plain text the offsets index into (matches eurlex_fetch total_chars) |
| total_headings | Yes | Total headings detected before the returned-list cap |
TDQS
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnlyHint and destructiveHint; description adds behavioral details like truncation at 300 entries, language-specific offsets, and case-law paragraph detection, enhancing transparency.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is thorough but not overly verbose; it is front-loaded with purpose and logically structured, though some detail on heading recognition could be shortened.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the tool complexity and presence of output schema, the description covers all necessary aspects: usage pattern, parameter constraints, edge cases (capping, language/law-type specifics).
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
While schema coverage is 100% with descriptions for each parameter, the description adds meaning beyond by explaining how offsets interact with eurlex_fetch and the language dependency.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states it returns the outline (table of contents) of an EU legal act, distinguishing it from sibling tools like eurlex_fetch by explaining its use as a map for targeted reading.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
Explicitly describes when to use (to get offsets for targeted reading) and how to chain with eurlex_fetch, providing clear alternatives and context.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
eurlex_summaryARead-onlyIdempotent
Returns the EU's official plain-language summary (LEGISSUM) of a legal act — a short editorial overview written for non-lawyers ("what is the aim", "key points", "from when does it apply"), NOT the binding legal text. Input is the act's celex_id (e.g. "32016R0679" for the GDPR, "32022R2065" for the Digital Services Act) and a language (any of the 24 official EU languages; summaries are usually available in all of them). Output is the summary text (plain, HTML stripped) plus its LEGISSUM id, title, last-update date, an obsolete flag, and source_url (the EUR-Lex summary page). Long summaries paginate via max_chars/offset exactly like eurlex_fetch — pass the previous response's next_offset to continue. Several thousand major acts have a summary; many acts have none (you get a clear "no summary" message). When an act has several summaries the most current non-obsolete one is returned and the rest are listed in other_summaries. For the full legal text use eurlex_fetch; for structured metadata use eurlex_metadata.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| offset | No | Character offset for pagination (0-based) | |
| celex_id | Yes | CELEX identifier of the EU act to summarize, e.g. "32016R0679" (GDPR) or "32022R2065" (Digital Services Act). LEGISSUM summaries exist for several thousand major acts; many acts have none. | |
| language | No | Language of the summary text, as a Cellar 3-letter code (any of the 24 official EU languages, e.g. DEU, ENG, FRA, POL, SPA). Summaries are typically available in all 24 languages. | ENG |
| max_chars | No | Maximum number of characters returned |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| date | No | ISO date of the returned summary, or '' |
| title | No | |
| offset | No | The offset this window was sliced from |
| content | No | Summary text (plain, HTML stripped), sliced to window |
| celex_id | Yes | The act CELEX that was queried |
| language | Yes | |
| obsolete | No | True when the returned summary is flagged obsolete |
| truncated | No | True when more content remains beyond this window |
| source_url | No | EUR-Lex legislative-summary (LSU) page for the act |
| legissum_id | No | LEGISSUM id of the returned (primary) summary |
| next_offset | No | Offset to request next, or null when there is no more content |
| total_chars | No | Length of the full processed summary |
| returned_chars | No | Length of `content` |
| other_summaries | No | Other summaries for the same act (present only when total_summaries > 1) |
| total_summaries | Yes | Total LEGISSUM summaries linked to this act; 0 means none was found |
TDQS
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Adds substantial context beyond annotations: pagination behavior, obsolete flag, multiple summary handling, non-binding nature, and that summaries are available in all 24 languages. No contradictions with annotations.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
Every sentence serves a purpose; front-loaded with main action, followed by input, output, pagination, edge cases. No wasted words.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Covers all aspects: input, output, pagination, edge cases (no summary, multiple summaries), and sibling differentiation. Output schema exists so return values need no additional explanation.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100% so baseline is 3. Description adds value with concrete examples (GDPR, DSA), explains Cellar 3-letter codes, and clarifies pagination, but few additional details beyond schema.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states the tool returns a plain-language summary (LEGISSUM) of an EU act, distinguishes from siblings like eurlex_fetch and eurlex_metadata, and provides specific verb-resource combination.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
Explicitly tells when to use (to get summary) and when not (for full legal text or metadata), including alternatives. Also notes that many acts have no summary and explains pagination.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
eurlex_transpositionARead-onlyIdempotent
Lists the national implementing measures (NIMs) EU member states enacted to transpose a given EU directive into national law — the answer to "how did member state X implement directive Y" for transposition and compliance tracking. Input celex_id is the directive's sector-3 CELEX (e.g. "32022L2555" for NIS2, "31995L0046" for the Data Protection Directive); optionally filter by country (2-letter member-state code, e.g. "DE"). Each result gives the member state, the national measure's title (in that state's own official language — not translated), its date, the sector-7 NIM CELEX reference, and a EUR-Lex URL. total_found reports the full count; results is capped at limit. For the directive itself use eurlex_fetch/eurlex_metadata; regulations and decisions have no NIMs.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| limit | No | Maximum number of measures to return (1–100). The response also reports total_found (the full count). | |
| country | No | Optional filter: EU 2-letter member-state code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, except Greece which is "EL" in EU usage), e.g. "DE", "AT", "FR". Omit to return measures from all member states. | |
| celex_id | Yes | Sector-3 CELEX of the EU directive whose national transposition measures you want, e.g. "32022L2555" (NIS2) or "31995L0046" (Data Protection Directive). Member states transpose directives (CELEX type letter L); regulations and decisions generally have no national implementing measures. | |
| language | No | Sets the locale of each result's eurlex_url (as a Cellar 3-letter code, any of the 24 official EU languages). NOTE: a national implementing measure's title is stored only in the member state's own official language and is returned as-is — this field does NOT translate titles. | ENG |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| results | Yes | |
| celex_id | Yes | The directive CELEX that was queried |
| returned | Yes | Number of measures in `results` (<= limit) |
| total_found | Yes | Full number of matching measures; when > returned, `results` was truncated |
TDQS
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already indicate readOnlyHint, openWorldHint, idempotentHint, destructiveHint=false. The description adds that results are capped at limit, total_found reports full count, titles are in original language, and language only affects URL locale. It also notes that member states transpose directives only.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is a single paragraph with 4-5 sentences covering essential points without fluff. It could be more structured (e.g., separating input/output) but is still efficient and front-loaded.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the complexity (4 params, output schema exists), the description provides a thorough overview: it mentions response fields (member state, title, date, CELEX, URL, total_found, results capped), differentiates from siblings, and covers key constraints (titles not translated, directives only). It is complete for an agent to use correctly.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100% with descriptions for all parameters. The description adds useful context: celex_id must be sector-3 CELEX for directives, country codes are ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 with Greece as 'EL', and language does not translate titles. This goes beyond baseline 3.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states it lists national implementing measures for EU directives, specifies the input (celex_id for directives), and differentiates from siblings by noting that for the directive itself one should use eurlex_fetch/eurlex_metadata and that regulations/decisions have no NIMs.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
Explicitly says when to use (transposition/compliance tracking) and when not to (directive itself, regulations/decisions). Also mentions optional country filtering and the purpose of the language parameter.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
TDQS
Each tool targets a distinct aspect of EU legal research: concept search, full-text retrieval, case law, national implementation, structure, and summaries. No overlap in purpose.
All tools follow the 'eurlex_' prefix with a clear snake_case noun describing their function (e.g., eurlex_fetch, eurlex_case_law), providing a predictable pattern.
Six tools cover the essential needs of legal research without being overwhelming. Each tool serves a unique and necessary role, well-scoped for the domain.
Covers core operations: search, retrieval, case law, implementation tracking, structure navigation, and summaries. Minor gap: no general keyword search, but concept search and citation lookup mitigate this.
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