List all tables in a schema with row counts and sizes, or inspect a specific table's columns, types, constraints, and foreign keys.

Analyze index usage statistics to find unused indexes wasting space and missing indexes causing slow sequential scans. Also detects unindexed foreign keys.

Run EXPLAIN on a SQL query and return a formatted plan with cost estimates, node types, and optimization warnings. Optionally runs EXPLAIN ANALYZE for actual execution statistics (read-only queries only).

Analyze table bloat by checking dead tuple ratios (PostgreSQL) or InnoDB fragmentation (MySQL), vacuum history, and table sizes.

Find tables with high sequential scan counts and zero index usage, cross-referenced with unused indexes wasting space. Provides actionable CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX recommendations.

Find the slowest queries using pg_stat_statements (PostgreSQL) or performance_schema (MySQL). Shows execution times, call counts, and optimization recommendations. PostgreSQL requires the pg_stat_statements extension to be installed and listed in shared_preload_libraries — the tool returns setup instructions if the extension is missing. Not available for SQLite.

Analyze active database connections. Detects idle-in-transaction sessions and lock contention between sessions (PostgreSQL), long-running queries flagged at >30 seconds, and connection pool utilization. Idle-in-transaction and lock contention detection are not available on MySQL — use this tool's output to investigate PostgreSQL-specific blocking scenarios. Not available for SQLite.

Analyze foreign key relationships between tables. Builds a dependency graph showing entity connectivity, orphan tables (no FKs), cascading delete chains (shown at full depth), hub entities (tables with 5+ FK connections), and circular FK dependencies. Useful for understanding schema design, planning migrations, and impact analysis.

Analyze PostgreSQL VACUUM maintenance status. Checks dead tuple ratios, vacuum staleness, autovacuum configuration, and identifies tables needing manual VACUUM. PostgreSQL only.