Logic-LM MCP Server

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that provides symbolic reasoning capabilities using Logic-LM framework and Answer Set Programming (ASP).

Attribution

This implementation is inspired by and builds upon the Logic-LLM framework:

Original Research:

Paper: Logic-LLM: Empowering Large Language Models with Symbolic Solvers for Faithful Logical Reasoning
Repository: teacherpeterpan/Logic-LLM
Authors: Liangming Pan, Alon Albalak, Xinyi Wang, William Yang Wang

This MCP server adapts the Logic-LLM approach for integration with Claude Code and other MCP clients, providing LLM-collaborative symbolic reasoning through Answer Set Programming.

🚀 Quick Start

Prerequisites

Python 3.8 or higher

Installation

Choose your preferred installation method:

Option 1: Install from PyPI (Recommended) ✅ LIVE ON PYPI

# Install with pip
pip install logic-lm-mcp-server

# Or install with uv (10-100x faster)
uv pip install logic-lm-mcp-server

📦 Package URL: https://pypi.org/project/logic-lm-mcp-server/

Option 2: Install with Clingo solver (for full functionality)

# Install with optional solver
pip install logic-lm-mcp-server[solver]

# Or with uv
uv pip install logic-lm-mcp-server[solver]

Option 3: Development Installation

git clone https://github.com/stevenwangbe/logic-lm-mcp-server.git
cd logic-lm-mcp-server
pip install -e .

Test Installation

logic-lm-mcp --help

Integration with Claude Code

After installing the package, add it to your Claude Code configuration:

Method 1: Using the console command (after PyPI installation)

claude mcp add logic-lm-mcp logic-lm-mcp

Method 2: Manual configuration

Edit ~/.config/claude/claude_desktop_config.json (create if it doesn't exist):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "logic-lm": {
      "command": "logic-lm-mcp"
    }
  }
}

Restart Claude Code to load the new MCP server.

Test the integration:

Try these commands in Claude Code:

Check Logic-LM server health
Translate this logic problem to ASP: "All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Can penguins fly?"

Alternative Integration (Other MCP Clients)

For other MCP-compatible tools, start the server manually:

python start_server.py

The server will run on stdio and provide these tools:

get_asp_guidelines - Get ASP translation guidelines
translate_to_asp_instructions - Get problem-specific ASP guidance
verify_asp_program - Execute ASP programs with Clingo
check_solver_health - Verify system health

Overview

Logic-LM MCP Server converts natural language logical problems into Answer Set Programming (ASP) format, solves them using the Clingo solver, and returns human-readable results. It provides a three-stage reasoning pipeline: Problem Formulation → Symbolic Reasoning → Result Interpretation.

Features

Natural Language Input: Convert English logical problems to formal representations
ASP-Based Reasoning: Uses Answer Set Programming for robust logical inference
Clingo Integration: Leverages the Clingo ASP solver for symbolic reasoning
Self-Refinement: Iterative improvement of solutions through multiple reasoning passes
Template Library: Reusable ASP patterns for common logical structures
Fallback Handling: Graceful degradation when solver components unavailable
FastMCP Integration: Modern MCP server implementation with type safety

Tools Provided

1. `get_asp_guidelines`

Get comprehensive ASP translation guidelines (cached for efficiency).

Parameters: None

Returns: Complete ASP Logic Translation Guidelines document with comprehensive instructions for translating natural language into Answer Set Programming format.

2. `translate_to_asp_instructions`

Get lightweight instructions for translating a specific natural language problem to ASP.

Parameters:

problem (string, required): Natural language logical problem to translate

Example:

{
  "problem": "All cats are mammals. Fluffy is a cat. Is Fluffy a mammal?"
}

Response:

{
  "success": true,
  "solution": "TRANSLATE TO ASP: All cats are mammals...\n\nINSTRUCTIONS:\n1. Call get_asp_guidelines() for complete patterns\n2. Analyze logical structure...",
  "confidence": 1.0,
  "method": "lightweight_translation_instructions",
  "metadata": {
    "problem_length": 58,
    "guidelines_cached": false,
    "next_steps": ["Call get_asp_guidelines() if needed", "Generate ASP code", "Call verify_asp_program()"]
  }
}

3. `verify_asp_program`

Directly verify and solve an ASP program using the Clingo solver.

Parameters:

program (string, required): ASP program code to verify and solve
max_models (integer, 1-100, default: 10): Maximum number of models to find

Example:

{
  "program": "% Facts\ncat(fluffy).\n\n% Rule: All cats are mammals\nmammal(X) :- cat(X).\n\n% Query\n#show mammal/1.",
  "max_models": 10
}

4. `check_solver_health`

Check Logic-LM server and Clingo solver health status.

Returns:

Server status and component initialization status
Clingo availability and version information
System capabilities and configuration details
Basic functionality test results

Architecture

Core Components

LogicFramework: Main reasoning orchestrator
ClingoSolver: ASP solver interface and management
ASPTemplateLibrary: Reusable logical pattern templates
FastMCP Integration: Modern MCP server implementation

Processing Pipeline

Natural Language Input
         ↓
LLM Translation Instructions (Problem-specific guidance)
         ↓  
ASP Program Generation (LLM-driven with guidelines)
         ↓
Clingo Solver Execution
         ↓
Model Interpretation (Symbolic results)
         ↓
Human-Readable Output

Dependencies

Python 3.8+: Core runtime environment
FastMCP 2.0+: Modern MCP server framework
Pydantic 2.0+: Input validation and type safety
Clingo 5.8.0+: ASP solver (automatically detects if missing)

Installation

Option 1: Using pip

pip install -r requirements.txt

Option 2: Manual installation

pip install fastmcp>=2.0.0 pydantic>=2.0.0 clingo>=5.8.0

Option 3: Development setup

git clone <repository-url>
cd logic-lm-mcp-server
pip install -e .

Configuration

The server automatically handles:

Clingo solver installation detection
Template library loading
Environment-specific optimizations
Error recovery and fallback modes

Environment Variables

No environment variables required
Server runs with sensible defaults

Usage Examples

Basic Logical Reasoning

Input: "If it's raining, then the ground is wet. It's raining. Is the ground wet?"
Output: "Yes, the ground is wet. This conclusion follows from modus ponens..."

Syllogistic Reasoning

Input: "All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Can penguins fly?"
Output: "Based on the given premises, yes. However, this conflicts with real-world knowledge..."

Set-Based Logic

Input: "All members of set A are in set B. X is in set A. Is X in set B?"
Output: "Yes, X is in set B. This follows from set inclusion transitivity..."

Testing

Basic Functionality Test

logic-lm-mcp --help

Test MCP Integration

# Test with Claude Code
claude mcp get logic-lm

Error Handling

Clingo Unavailable: Provides informative error messages with installation guidance
Invalid ASP Programs: Syntax checking with detailed error messages
Solver Timeouts: Graceful handling of complex problems
Resource Constraints: Memory and time limit management

Performance

Simple Problems: 50-200ms response time
Complex Reasoning: 200-1000ms with self-refinement
Memory Usage: ~25MB base + ~1MB per concurrent request
Concurrent Support: Multiple simultaneous reasoning requests

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

"No module named 'pydantic'" or similar
- Install dependencies: pip install -r requirements.txt
"Clingo not available"
- Install Clingo: pip install clingo
- Server will run with limited functionality if Clingo is missing
Server fails to start
- Check Python version: python --version (requires 3.8+)
- Test installation: logic-lm-mcp --help
MCP connection issues
- Verify MCP server configuration: claude mcp get logic-lm
- Check installation: logic-lm-mcp --help

Getting Help

Test installation: logic-lm-mcp --help
Check the health endpoint: use check_solver_health tool
Enable debug traces: set include_trace=true in requests

FAQ - Common Setup Errors

"Missing required dependencies" on startup

Error:

❌ Missing required dependencies:
  - fastmcp>=2.0.0
  - pydantic>=2.0.0

Cause: Dependencies not properly installed or virtual environment not activated.

Solution:

# Option 1: Use virtual environment
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate  # On Windows: venv\Scripts\activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Option 2: Install globally
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Option 3: Use venv python directly
venv/bin/python start_server.py

"ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'fastmcp'"

Error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'fastmcp'

Cause: Virtual environment not properly activated or dependencies not installed.

Solution:

# Clean installation
rm -rf venv/
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

"ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pydantic'"

Error:

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pydantic'

Cause: Missing core dependency, often from incomplete installation.

Solution:

pip install pydantic>=2.0.0
# Or reinstall all dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt

Virtual environment using system Python instead of venv Python

Error: Virtual environment is using the system Python instead of the isolated venv Python.

Symptoms:

Packages installed globally instead of in venv
Permission errors during package installation
which python shows system path after activation
Inconsistent behavior between development and production

Causes:

Incorrect virtual environment activation
Shell aliases overriding PATH (alias python, alias python3)
Corrupted virtual environment
PATH configuration issues

Solutions:

Option 1: Verify and fix activation

# Check if activation worked properly
source venv/bin/activate
which python  # Should show venv/bin/python, not /usr/bin/python

# If still showing system python, check for aliases
alias python
alias python3

# Remove problematic aliases
unalias python
unalias python3

Option 2: Use explicit venv path (most reliable)

# Instead of relying on activation, use direct paths
venv/bin/python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)"
venv/bin/pip install package-name

# For our package specifically
venv/bin/python -c "from logic_lm_mcp import LogicFramework; print('✅ Works!')"

Option 3: Recreate virtual environment

# Clean recreation if venv is corrupted
rm -rf venv/
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
which python  # Verify it shows venv/bin/python
pip install logic-lm-mcp-server

Option 4: Use absolute paths in shell

# For Linux/Mac
/full/path/to/venv/bin/python script.py

# For Windows  
C:\full\path\to\venv\Scripts\python.exe script.py

"Clingo not available" but everything else works

Error:

"clingo_available": false

Cause: Clingo ASP solver not installed.

Solution:

# Option 1: Via pip
pip install clingo>=5.8.0

# Option 2: Via conda
conda install -c conda-forge clingo

# Option 3: Check installation
python -c "import clingo; print('Clingo available')"

Server starts but MCP tools not available

Error: MCP connection fails or tools not found.

Cause: Server not properly configured in Claude Code.

Solution:

Verify server is running: python start_server.py
Check Claude Code MCP configuration
Restart Claude Code if needed
Use absolute paths in configuration

Python version compatibility issues

Error:

SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Cause: Python version < 3.8.

Solution:

# Check Python version
python --version  # Must be 3.8+

# Use specific Python version
python3.8 -m venv venv
# or
python3.9 -m venv venv

Background process conflicts

Error: Server won't start, port already in use.

Cause: Previous server instance still running.

Solution:

# Kill existing processes
pkill -f start_server.py
pkill -f logic-lm

# Or find and kill specific process
ps aux | grep start_server
kill <process_id>

File permission errors

Error:

PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied

Cause: Insufficient file permissions.

Solution:

# Fix permissions
chmod +x start_server.py
chmod -R 755 src/

# Or run with appropriate permissions
sudo python start_server.py  # Not recommended

Import path issues

Error:

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'src'

Cause: Python can't find local modules.

Solution:

# Run from project root directory
cd /path/to/logic-lm-mcp-server
python start_server.py

# Or use absolute imports
export PYTHONPATH="${PYTHONPATH}:$(pwd)"

Cache or old dependency conflicts

Error: Server uses old logic after code changes.

Cause: Python bytecode cache or old dependencies.

Solution:

# Clear Python cache
find . -type d -name "__pycache__" -exec rm -rf {} +
find . -name "*.pyc" -delete

# Reinstall dependencies cleanly
rm -rf venv/
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Restart Claude Code

Memory or resource issues

Error: Server crashes or becomes unresponsive.

Cause: Insufficient system resources.

Solution:

Close other applications to free memory
Use smaller max_models parameter in requests
Check system requirements (25MB base memory)
Monitor server logs for resource warnings

Development

Project Structure

logic-lm-mcp-server/
├── src/
│   ├── __init__.py           # Package initialization
│   ├── logic_lm_mcp/
│   │   ├── __init__.py       # Package initialization
│   │   ├── main.py           # FastMCP server implementation
│   │   ├── logic_framework.py # Core Logic-LM framework
│   │   └── asp_templates.py   # ASP template library
├── pyproject.toml            # Modern Python packaging
├── requirements.txt          # Python dependencies
├── start_server.py          # Development server startup
└── README.md               # This documentation

Adding New Templates

Edit src/logic_lm_mcp/asp_templates.py
Add new template to _initialize_templates() method
Test with logic-lm-mcp --help and MCP tools

Extending Logic Framework

Edit src/logic_lm_mcp/logic_framework.py
Add new reasoning methods to LogicFramework class
Update FastMCP tools in src/logic_lm_mcp/main.py

Resources

ASP Templates

The server provides access to ASP templates via MCP resources:

asp-templates://list - List all available templates
asp-templates://info/{template_name} - Get template information
asp-templates://template/{template_name} - Get template code

Available Templates

universal: Universal quantification (All X are Y)
conditional: Conditional rules (If X then Y)
syllogism: Basic syllogistic reasoning
existential: Existential quantification (Some X are Y)
negation: Negation patterns (No X are Y)
set_membership: Set membership and relationships
transitive: Transitive relationships

License

MIT License - See LICENSE file for details.

Support

For issues, feature requests, or questions about Logic-LM reasoning capabilities, please:

Test installation: logic-lm-mcp --help
Check the troubleshooting section above
Open an issue in the repository with:
- Python version
- Operating system
- Error messages
- Installation method used (pip/uv)

This server cannot be installed

security - not tested

license - permissive license

quality - not tested

How are these scores calculated?

remote-capable server

The server can be hosted and run remotely because it primarily relies on remote services or has no dependency on the local environment.

Provides symbolic reasoning capabilities by converting natural language logical problems into Answer Set Programming (ASP) format and solving them using the Clingo solver. Enables users to perform formal logical reasoning, verify logical arguments, and get step-by-step explanations for complex logical problems.

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