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MCP Complete Implementation Guide

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list_directory

Lists the contents of a specified directory path to view files and subdirectories within a file system.

Instructions

List the contents of a directory

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
pathYesThe path to the directory to list

Implementation Reference

  • Implements the list_directory tool logic: reads directory using fs.readdir, formats items with name, type, path, returns as JSON text content.
    async listDirectory(dirPath) { try { const items = await fs.readdir(dirPath, { withFileTypes: true }); const listing = items.map(item => ({ name: item.name, type: item.isDirectory() ? 'directory' : 'file', path: path.join(dirPath, item.name), })); return { content: [ { type: 'text', text: JSON.stringify(listing, null, 2), }, ], }; } catch (error) { throw new Error(`Failed to list directory: ${error.message}`); } }
  • server.js:76-89 (registration)
    Registers the list_directory tool in the ListTools response, including name, description, and input schema.
    { name: 'list_directory', description: 'List the contents of a directory', inputSchema: { type: 'object', properties: { path: { type: 'string', description: 'The path to the directory to list', }, }, required: ['path'], }, },
  • Defines the input schema for list_directory tool: requires 'path' string.
    inputSchema: { type: 'object', properties: { path: { type: 'string', description: 'The path to the directory to list', }, }, required: ['path'], },
  • Python implementation of list_directory handler: uses Path.iterdir to list items, formats similarly, returns JSON text.
    async def list_directory(self, dir_path: str) -> list[types.TextContent]: """List directory contents""" try: path = Path(dir_path) items = [] for item in path.iterdir(): items.append({ "name": item.name, "type": "directory" if item.is_dir() else "file", "path": str(item), }) return [types.TextContent(type="text", text=json.dumps(items, indent=2))] except Exception as error: raise Exception(f"Failed to list directory: {str(error)}")
  • server.py:104-116 (registration)
    Registers list_directory tool using types.Tool in the list_tools handler.
    types.Tool( name="list_directory", description="List the contents of a directory", inputSchema={ "type": "object", "properties": { "path": { "type": "string", "description": "The path to the directory to list", } }, "required": ["path"], },

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