# CloudStack MCP Server - Architecture Overview
**Complete API Coverage Implementation Architecture**
## 🏗️ System Architecture
### High-Level Architecture
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Claude Desktop Interface │
└─────────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
│ MCP Protocol
┌─────────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│ CloudStack MCP Server │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ 461 Existing │ │ 92 New APIs │ │ Security │ │
│ │ MCP Tools │ │ Implementation │ │ Middleware │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ Validation │ │ Formatting │ │ Audit │ │
│ │ Middleware │ │ Handlers │ │ Logging │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
│ CloudStack REST API
┌─────────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│ CloudStack Management Server │
│ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌───────────┐ │
│ │Infrastructure│ │ Network │ │ Storage │ │ Security │ │
│ │ Management │ │ Management │ │ Management │ │Management │ │
│ └─────────────┘ └─────────────┘ └─────────────┘ └───────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
## 📦 Implementation Architecture by Phase
### Phase 1: Core Infrastructure Foundation
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Phase 1 Components │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Image Store Management (20 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ S3 Backend │ │ Swift Backend │ │ NFS Backend │ │
│ │ Integration │ │ Integration │ │ Integration │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ Infrastructure APIs (25 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ Zone Mgmt │ │ Pod Mgmt │ │ Cluster Mgmt │ │
│ │ Enhancement │ │ New Impl │ │ Enhancement │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ Host Management Enhancement (8 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ HA Config │ │ Monitoring │ │ Degradation │ │
│ │ Management │ │ Enhancement │ │ Management │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
### Phase 2: Advanced Features
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Phase 2 Components │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Network Enhancement (8 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ IPv6 Prefix │ │ OpenDaylight │ │ BGP Peers │ │
│ │ Management │ │ Integration │ │ Management │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ Firewall Enhancement (4 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ Routing FW │ │ Advanced │ │
│ │ Rules │ │ Policies │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ Certificate Management (10 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ SSL Lifecycle │ │ CA Management │ │ Certificate │ │
│ │ Management │ │ │ │ Validation │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
### Phase 3: Specialized Services
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Phase 3 Components │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Router Enhancement (6 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ VR Elements │ │ Health Checks │ │
│ │ Management │ │ & Monitoring │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ System VM Enhancement (4 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ VM Scaling │ │ Patch Mgmt │ │
│ │ & Migration │ │ & Usage │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ Snapshot Enhancement (6 APIs) │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ Archive │ │ Copy & Sync │ │ Policy Mgmt │ │
│ │ Management │ │ Operations │ │ Enhancement │ │
│ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
## 🔧 Component Architecture
### MCP Tool Structure
```typescript
interface MCPTool {
name: string; // Kebab-case tool name
description: string; // Human-readable description
inputSchema: { // JSON Schema for parameters
type: 'object';
properties: Record<string, any>;
required?: string[];
};
}
interface ToolHandler {
handler: (args: any) => Promise<MCPResponse>;
formatter: (response: any) => string;
validator: (params: any) => void;
}
```
### Security Layer Architecture
```typescript
interface SecurityMiddleware {
dangerousActionConfirmation: {
severity: 'critical' | 'high' | 'medium' | 'low';
category: string;
warningMessage: string;
requiredConfirmation: string;
reversible: boolean;
impactScope: string;
};
auditLogging: {
operation: string;
user: string;
timestamp: Date;
parameters: Record<string, any>;
result: 'success' | 'failure';
};
validation: {
parameterValidation: (params: any) => ValidationResult;
credentialMasking: (data: any) => any;
inputSanitization: (input: string) => string;
};
}
```
## 🎯 Integration Patterns
### CloudStack Client Integration
```typescript
class CloudStackClient {
// Core pattern for all new APIs
public async newApiMethod(params: Record<string, any>): Promise<any> {
return this.makeRequest('newApiMethod', params);
}
// Authentication and request handling
private makeRequest(command: string, params: Record<string, any>): Promise<any> {
// HMAC-SHA1 signature generation
// HTTP client with retry logic
// Error handling and logging
}
}
```
### MCP Server Integration
```typescript
class CloudStackMCPServer {
// Tool registration pattern
private setupToolHandlers(): void {
const tools: Tool[] = [
// Existing 461 tools
...this.existingTools,
// New 92 tools from development plan
...this.newImplementationTools
];
}
// Handler dispatch pattern
private async handleToolCall(name: string, args: any): Promise<any> {
switch (name) {
case 'new_api_tool':
return await this.handleNewApiTool(args);
// ... other handlers
}
}
}
```
## 🔄 Data Flow Architecture
### Request Flow
```
Claude Desktop → MCP Protocol → Tool Validation → Security Check →
Parameter Building → CloudStack API → Response Formatting →
Audit Logging → MCP Response → Claude Desktop
```
### Error Handling Flow
```
API Error → Error Classification → User-Friendly Message →
Audit Logging → Troubleshooting Hints → MCP Error Response
```
### Security Flow
```
Tool Request → Dangerous Action Check → Confirmation Required? →
User Confirmation → Audit Log → Proceed/Reject → Response
```
## 📊 Performance Architecture
### Caching Strategy
```typescript
interface CacheLayer {
// List operations cache (5 minutes)
listOperations: LRUCache<string, any>;
// Configuration cache (30 minutes)
configurationData: LRUCache<string, any>;
// Zone/Host/Cluster info cache (15 minutes)
infrastructureData: LRUCache<string, any>;
}
```
### Connection Pooling
```typescript
interface ConnectionManagement {
// HTTP connection pool
maxConnections: 50;
keepAliveTimeout: 30000;
requestTimeout: 30000;
// Retry strategy
maxRetries: 3;
retryDelay: 1000;
exponentialBackoff: true;
}
```
## 🛡️ Security Architecture
### Authentication Layer
```typescript
interface AuthenticationService {
// CloudStack API key management
apiKeyGeneration: () => { apiKey: string; secretKey: string };
signatureGeneration: (params: any) => string;
credentialValidation: (credentials: any) => boolean;
// Session management
sessionTracking: Map<string, SessionInfo>;
sessionTimeout: number;
sessionRotation: () => void;
}
```
### Authorization Layer
```typescript
interface AuthorizationService {
// Role-based access control
roleValidation: (user: User, operation: string) => boolean;
domainIsolation: (user: User, resource: any) => boolean;
projectAccess: (user: User, projectId: string) => boolean;
// Resource access control
resourceOwnership: (user: User, resourceId: string) => boolean;
crossDomainAccess: (user: User, targetDomain: string) => boolean;
}
```
## 📈 Monitoring Architecture
### Metrics Collection
```typescript
interface MetricsCollector {
// Performance metrics
apiResponseTimes: Histogram;
requestCounts: Counter;
errorRates: Counter;
// Business metrics
toolUsage: Counter;
userActiveSessions: Gauge;
cloudstackResourceCounts: Gauge;
// System metrics
memoryUsage: Gauge;
cpuUsage: Gauge;
networkLatency: Histogram;
}
```
### Health Monitoring
```typescript
interface HealthChecker {
// Component health checks
cloudstackConnectivity: () => HealthStatus;
mcpServerHealth: () => HealthStatus;
securityServiceHealth: () => HealthStatus;
// Performance health checks
responseTimeHealth: () => HealthStatus;
throughputHealth: () => HealthStatus;
errorRateHealth: () => HealthStatus;
}
```
## 🚀 Deployment Architecture
### Container Architecture
```dockerfile
# Multi-stage build
FROM node:18-alpine AS builder
# Build stage with TypeScript compilation
FROM node:18-alpine AS runtime
# Runtime stage with minimal dependencies
# Security hardening
# Health check configuration
```
### Service Architecture
```yaml
# Docker Compose / Kubernetes deployment
services:
cloudstack-mcp-server:
image: cloudstack-mcp-server:3.0
environment:
- CLOUDSTACK_API_URL
- CLOUDSTACK_API_KEY
- CLOUDSTACK_SECRET_KEY
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:3000/health"]
interval: 30s
timeout: 10s
retries: 3
```
## 📋 Quality Assurance Architecture
### Testing Architecture
```typescript
interface TestingFramework {
// Unit testing
unitTests: {
coverage: '95%+';
framework: 'Jest';
mocking: 'Comprehensive CloudStack API mocking';
};
// Integration testing
integrationTests: {
cloudstackIntegration: 'Mock CloudStack server';
mcpProtocolTesting: 'MCP client simulation';
endToEndWorkflows: 'Complete user journeys';
};
// Performance testing
performanceTests: {
loadTesting: 'Concurrent user simulation';
stressTesting: 'Resource exhaustion scenarios';
enduranceTesting: 'Long-running stability';
};
}
```
### Code Quality Architecture
```typescript
interface CodeQualityTools {
// Static analysis
typescript: 'Strict type checking';
eslint: 'Code style and best practices';
prettier: 'Code formatting standards';
// Security analysis
securityScanning: 'Dependency vulnerability scanning';
codeSecurityReview: 'SAST and DAST integration';
// Documentation
apiDocumentation: 'Comprehensive API documentation';
architectureDocumentation: 'System design documentation';
userDocumentation: 'End-user guides and examples';
}
```
This architecture overview provides the technical foundation for implementing the complete CloudStack API coverage according to the development plan. The modular, secure, and scalable architecture ensures enterprise-grade reliability while maintaining the flexibility for future enhancements.
