"""
Filament Profiles - Comprehensive settings for common filament types.
Based on research from Bambu Lab Wiki, Prusa Knowledge Base, and community testing.
Optimized for Bambu Lab A1 printer.
"""
import json
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from enum import Enum
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List, Tuple
class FilamentType(str, Enum):
"""Filament material types."""
PLA = "PLA"
PETG = "PETG"
PC = "PC" # Polycarbonate
TPU = "TPU"
ABS = "ABS"
ASA = "ASA"
NYLON = "NYLON"
PLA_CF = "PLA-CF"
PETG_CF = "PETG-CF"
class FlexRating(str, Enum):
"""How flexible a material is."""
RIGID = "rigid" # PLA, PETG, PC
SEMI_RIGID = "semi_rigid" # Some PETG blends
SEMI_FLEX = "semi_flex" # TPU 95A
FLEXIBLE = "flexible" # TPU 85A and softer
@dataclass
class TemperatureRange:
"""Temperature range with optimal value."""
min_temp: int
optimal: int
max_temp: int
def __str__(self) -> str:
return f"{self.optimal}°C ({self.min_temp}-{self.max_temp}°C)"
@dataclass
class FilamentProfile:
"""
Complete filament profile with printing parameters.
All temperatures in °C, speeds in mm/s, distances in mm.
"""
# Identification
name: str
brand: str
material_type: FilamentType
# Physical properties
density: float = 1.24 # g/cm³
diameter: float = 1.75 # mm
# Temperature settings
nozzle_temp: TemperatureRange = field(default_factory=lambda: TemperatureRange(200, 215, 230))
nozzle_temp_first_layer: Optional[int] = None # If different from optimal
bed_temp: TemperatureRange = field(default_factory=lambda: TemperatureRange(45, 55, 65))
bed_temp_first_layer: Optional[int] = None
max_hotend_temp: int = 300 # A1 max is 300°C
# Speed settings
max_print_speed: float = 200.0 # mm/s
recommended_speed: float = 100.0 # mm/s for quality
first_layer_speed: float = 30.0 # mm/s
max_volumetric_flow: float = 15.0 # mm³/s
# Retraction settings
retraction_length: float = 0.8 # mm (direct drive)
retraction_speed: float = 30.0 # mm/s
# Cooling
fan_min_speed: int = 80 # % (0-100)
fan_max_speed: int = 100
fan_first_layers: int = 0 # Layers before fan kicks in
# Mechanical properties (for design decisions)
flex_rating: FlexRating = FlexRating.RIGID
impact_resistance: str = "medium" # low, medium, high
heat_resistance: int = 60 # °C before deformation
uv_resistance: bool = False
water_resistance: bool = False
food_safe: bool = False
# Printing notes
requires_enclosure: bool = False
requires_hardened_nozzle: bool = False
ams_compatible: bool = True
bed_adhesion: str = "good" # poor, fair, good, excellent
warping_tendency: str = "low" # none, low, medium, high
stringing_tendency: str = "low" # none, low, medium, high
# Special considerations
notes: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
# Cost estimate
cost_per_kg: float = 25.0 # USD
@property
def is_flexible(self) -> bool:
"""Check if material is flexible (TPU, TPE)."""
return self.flex_rating in (FlexRating.FLEXIBLE, FlexRating.SEMI_FLEX)
@property
def is_abrasive(self) -> bool:
"""Check if material requires hardened nozzle (CF, GF)."""
return self.requires_hardened_nozzle
@property
def filament_type(self) -> FilamentType:
"""Alias for material_type for API consistency."""
return self.material_type
@property
def special_notes(self) -> str:
"""Get combined notes as a single string."""
return " | ".join(self.notes) if self.notes else ""
def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""Convert to dictionary."""
return {
"name": self.name,
"brand": self.brand,
"material_type": self.material_type.value,
"temperatures": {
"nozzle": str(self.nozzle_temp),
"bed": str(self.bed_temp),
},
"speeds": {
"max": self.max_print_speed,
"recommended": self.recommended_speed,
"first_layer": self.first_layer_speed,
},
"retraction": {
"length": self.retraction_length,
"speed": self.retraction_speed,
},
"properties": {
"flex_rating": self.flex_rating.value,
"impact_resistance": self.impact_resistance,
"heat_resistance_c": self.heat_resistance,
},
"requirements": {
"enclosure": self.requires_enclosure,
"hardened_nozzle": self.requires_hardened_nozzle,
"ams_compatible": self.ams_compatible,
},
"notes": self.notes,
}
def to_json(self) -> str:
"""Serialize to JSON."""
return json.dumps(self.to_dict(), indent=2)
def get_slicer_params(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""Get parameters for slicer integration."""
return {
"nozzle_temperature": self.nozzle_temp.optimal,
"nozzle_temperature_initial_layer": self.nozzle_temp_first_layer or self.nozzle_temp.optimal,
"bed_temperature": self.bed_temp.optimal,
"bed_temperature_initial_layer": self.bed_temp_first_layer or self.bed_temp.optimal + 5,
"fan_min_speed": self.fan_min_speed,
"fan_max_speed": self.fan_max_speed,
"retraction_length": self.retraction_length,
"retraction_speed": self.retraction_speed,
}
def get_design_recommendations(self) -> List[str]:
"""Get design recommendations based on material properties."""
recs = []
if self.flex_rating == FlexRating.FLEXIBLE or self.flex_rating == FlexRating.SEMI_FLEX:
recs.append("Reduce infill to 15-25% for flexibility")
recs.append("Use 2-3 wall loops for TPU")
recs.append("Avoid thin walls < 1.2mm")
if self.warping_tendency in ("medium", "high"):
recs.append("Use brim (8mm+) for bed adhesion")
recs.append("Avoid large flat surfaces or add mouse ears")
if self.stringing_tendency in ("medium", "high"):
recs.append("Minimize travel moves between parts")
recs.append("Print one object at a time if possible")
if self.impact_resistance == "low":
recs.append("Increase wall loops to 4+ for strength")
recs.append("Use 30%+ infill for load-bearing parts")
if self.material_type == FilamentType.TPU:
recs.append("Disable dynamic flow calibration")
recs.append("Use direct extruder feed (no AMS)")
if self.requires_enclosure:
recs.append("⚠️ This material works best with an enclosed printer")
recs.append("Consider smaller parts to reduce warping")
return recs
# =============================================================================
# Pre-defined Filament Profiles for User's Materials
# =============================================================================
BAMBU_PLA = FilamentProfile(
name="Bambu Basic PLA",
brand="Bambu Lab",
material_type=FilamentType.PLA,
density=1.24,
nozzle_temp=TemperatureRange(190, 220, 230),
bed_temp=TemperatureRange(45, 55, 65),
max_print_speed=300.0, # A1 can go fast with PLA
recommended_speed=150.0,
first_layer_speed=30.0,
max_volumetric_flow=21.0, # Bambu PLA flows well
retraction_length=0.8,
retraction_speed=30.0,
fan_min_speed=80,
fan_max_speed=100,
fan_first_layers=1,
flex_rating=FlexRating.RIGID,
impact_resistance="medium",
heat_resistance=55,
uv_resistance=False,
water_resistance=False,
food_safe=False, # Check specific colors
requires_enclosure=False,
requires_hardened_nozzle=False,
ams_compatible=True,
bed_adhesion="excellent",
warping_tendency="none",
stringing_tendency="low",
notes=[
"Great all-around filament for most prints",
"Easy to print, minimal tuning needed",
"Good for functional prototypes and decorative items",
"Can use Cool Plate or Engineering Plate",
],
cost_per_kg=25.0,
)
BAMBU_PETG_TRANSLUCENT = FilamentProfile(
name="Bambu PETG Translucent",
brand="Bambu Lab",
material_type=FilamentType.PETG,
density=1.27,
nozzle_temp=TemperatureRange(230, 245, 260),
bed_temp=TemperatureRange(70, 80, 90),
bed_temp_first_layer=85,
max_print_speed=200.0,
recommended_speed=80.0, # Slower for quality with PETG
first_layer_speed=25.0,
max_volumetric_flow=12.0,
retraction_length=0.6, # Less retraction for PETG
retraction_speed=25.0,
fan_min_speed=50,
fan_max_speed=80, # Less cooling than PLA
fan_first_layers=3,
flex_rating=FlexRating.RIGID,
impact_resistance="high",
heat_resistance=75,
uv_resistance=True,
water_resistance=True,
food_safe=False,
requires_enclosure=False,
requires_hardened_nozzle=False,
ams_compatible=True,
bed_adhesion="good",
warping_tendency="low",
stringing_tendency="high", # PETG strings!
notes=[
"Higher impact resistance than PLA",
"Prone to stringing - tune retraction carefully",
"Translucent effect works well with internal lighting",
"Use Engineering Plate with glue stick for best adhesion",
"Let cool completely before removing from bed",
],
cost_per_kg=30.0,
)
PRUSA_PC_BLEND = FilamentProfile(
name="Prusament PC Blend",
brand="Prusa",
material_type=FilamentType.PC,
density=1.20,
nozzle_temp=TemperatureRange(265, 275, 285),
nozzle_temp_first_layer=280,
bed_temp=TemperatureRange(100, 110, 115),
bed_temp_first_layer=115,
max_print_speed=150.0,
recommended_speed=60.0, # Slow for PC
first_layer_speed=20.0,
max_volumetric_flow=8.0,
retraction_length=0.6,
retraction_speed=25.0,
fan_min_speed=0,
fan_max_speed=30, # Very low cooling
fan_first_layers=5,
flex_rating=FlexRating.RIGID,
impact_resistance="high",
heat_resistance=110,
uv_resistance=True,
water_resistance=True,
food_safe=False,
requires_enclosure=False, # PC Blend works on open frame
requires_hardened_nozzle=False,
ams_compatible=True,
bed_adhesion="fair", # Needs glue
warping_tendency="medium",
stringing_tendency="low",
notes=[
"⚠️ A1 can print PC Blend but with limitations",
"Use textured PEI plate with glue stick",
"Smaller parts work better on open-frame printers",
"Keep ambient temp > 18°C to avoid thermal runaway",
"May have some warping on larger parts (>10cm)",
"Add 4mm+ brim for parts larger than 5cm",
"Excellent strength and heat resistance",
],
cost_per_kg=45.0,
)
GENERIC_PETG = FilamentProfile(
name="Generic PETG",
brand="Generic",
material_type=FilamentType.PETG,
density=1.27,
nozzle_temp=TemperatureRange(220, 240, 260),
bed_temp=TemperatureRange(70, 80, 90),
max_print_speed=150.0,
recommended_speed=60.0,
first_layer_speed=20.0,
max_volumetric_flow=10.0,
retraction_length=0.8,
retraction_speed=25.0,
fan_min_speed=30,
fan_max_speed=70,
fan_first_layers=3,
flex_rating=FlexRating.RIGID,
impact_resistance="high",
heat_resistance=70,
uv_resistance=True,
water_resistance=True,
food_safe=False,
requires_enclosure=False,
requires_hardened_nozzle=False,
ams_compatible=True,
bed_adhesion="good",
warping_tendency="low",
stringing_tendency="high",
notes=[
"Third-party PETG may need temperature tuning",
"Start at 235°C and adjust in 5°C increments",
"Significant stringing is normal - use post-processing",
"Print temperature tower to find optimal settings",
],
cost_per_kg=25.0,
)
GENERIC_TPU_95A = FilamentProfile(
name="Generic TPU 95A",
brand="Generic",
material_type=FilamentType.TPU,
density=1.21,
nozzle_temp=TemperatureRange(210, 230, 240),
bed_temp=TemperatureRange(30, 45, 60),
max_print_speed=40.0, # TPU is SLOW
recommended_speed=25.0,
first_layer_speed=15.0,
max_volumetric_flow=3.2, # Very low for generic TPU
retraction_length=0.5, # Minimal retraction
retraction_speed=20.0, # Slow retraction
fan_min_speed=50,
fan_max_speed=80,
fan_first_layers=2,
flex_rating=FlexRating.SEMI_FLEX,
impact_resistance="high", # Absorbs impact
heat_resistance=80,
uv_resistance=True,
water_resistance=True,
food_safe=False,
requires_enclosure=False,
requires_hardened_nozzle=False,
ams_compatible=False, # TPU 95A doesn't work with AMS
bed_adhesion="good",
warping_tendency="none",
stringing_tendency="high",
notes=[
"⚠️ Do NOT use with AMS - feed directly",
"Disable dynamic flow calibration in Bambu Studio",
"Print one object at a time to minimize travel",
"Use low retraction (0.5mm) and slow speed (20mm/s)",
"Max volumetric flow is 3.2 mm³/s for generic TPU",
"Avoid excessive travel moves",
"95A is semi-flexible, good for phone cases, grips",
],
cost_per_kg=35.0,
)
# =============================================================================
# Profile Registry
# =============================================================================
FILAMENT_PROFILES: Dict[str, FilamentProfile] = {
"bambu_pla": BAMBU_PLA,
"bambu_basic_pla": BAMBU_PLA,
"bambu_petg": BAMBU_PETG_TRANSLUCENT,
"bambu_petg_translucent": BAMBU_PETG_TRANSLUCENT,
"prusa_pc": PRUSA_PC_BLEND,
"prusa_pc_blend": PRUSA_PC_BLEND,
"prusament_pc": PRUSA_PC_BLEND,
"generic_petg": GENERIC_PETG,
"petg": GENERIC_PETG,
"generic_tpu": GENERIC_TPU_95A,
"tpu_95a": GENERIC_TPU_95A,
"tpu": GENERIC_TPU_95A,
}
def get_filament_profile(name: str) -> Optional[FilamentProfile]:
"""Get a filament profile by name."""
key = name.lower().replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_")
return FILAMENT_PROFILES.get(key)
def list_filament_profiles() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""List all available filament profiles."""
seen = set()
profiles = []
for profile in FILAMENT_PROFILES.values():
if profile.name not in seen:
seen.add(profile.name)
profiles.append({
"name": profile.name,
"brand": profile.brand,
"type": profile.material_type.value,
"use_cases": _get_use_cases(profile),
})
return profiles
def _get_use_cases(profile: FilamentProfile) -> List[str]:
"""Get typical use cases for a filament."""
uses = []
if profile.material_type == FilamentType.PLA:
uses = ["Prototypes", "Decorative items", "Low-stress parts", "General purpose"]
elif profile.material_type == FilamentType.PETG:
uses = ["Functional parts", "Outdoor use", "Water-resistant items", "Food containers (check food-safe)"]
elif profile.material_type == FilamentType.PC:
uses = ["High-strength parts", "Heat-resistant items", "Mechanical components", "Protective gear"]
elif profile.material_type == FilamentType.TPU:
uses = ["Phone cases", "Gaskets/seals", "Flexible hinges", "Shoe insoles", "Grips"]
return uses
def suggest_filament(
needs_strength: bool = False,
needs_flexibility: bool = False,
needs_heat_resistance: bool = False,
needs_outdoor: bool = False,
needs_water_resistance: bool = False,
) -> List[str]:
"""Suggest filaments based on requirements."""
suggestions = []
if needs_flexibility:
suggestions.append("generic_tpu")
return suggestions # TPU is the only flexible option
if needs_heat_resistance and needs_strength:
suggestions.append("prusa_pc")
elif needs_outdoor and needs_strength:
suggestions.append("bambu_petg")
suggestions.append("prusa_pc")
elif needs_water_resistance:
suggestions.append("bambu_petg")
suggestions.append("generic_petg")
elif needs_strength:
suggestions.append("bambu_petg")
suggestions.append("prusa_pc")
else:
suggestions.append("bambu_pla") # Default choice
return suggestions
