#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Example 3: Force, Energy, and Momentum Calculations
This example shows fundamental physics calculations useful for
engineering analysis, crash testing, and educational purposes.
"""
import asyncio
import math
from chuk_mcp_physics.providers.analytic import AnalyticProvider
from chuk_mcp_physics.models import (
ForceCalculationRequest,
KineticEnergyRequest,
MomentumRequest,
)
async def main():
"""Demonstrate force, energy, and momentum calculations."""
provider = AnalyticProvider()
print("=" * 60)
print("FORCE, ENERGY, AND MOMENTUM CALCULATIONS")
print("=" * 60)
print()
# Example 1: Force calculations (F = ma)
print("1. Force Calculations (F = ma)")
print("-" * 60)
# Car acceleration
request = ForceCalculationRequest(
mass=1500.0, # 1500 kg car
acceleration=[3.0, 0.0, 0.0], # 3 m/s² forward acceleration
)
result = await provider.calculate_force(request)
print("Scenario: Car accelerating")
print(f" Mass: {request.mass} kg")
print(f" Acceleration: {request.acceleration[0]} m/s²")
print(f" Force required: {result.force[0]:.0f} N ({result.magnitude:.0f} N magnitude)")
print()
# Rocket launch
request = ForceCalculationRequest(
mass=50000.0, # 50,000 kg rocket
acceleration=[0.0, 20.0, 0.0], # 20 m/s² upward (2g)
)
result = await provider.calculate_force(request)
print("Scenario: Rocket launch")
print(f" Mass: {request.mass:,} kg")
print(f" Acceleration: {request.acceleration[1]} m/s² (upward)")
print(f" Thrust required: {result.magnitude:,.0f} N")
print(f" That's {result.magnitude / 9.81 / 1000:.1f} metric tons of force!")
print()
# Braking force
request = ForceCalculationRequest(
mass=1500.0,
acceleration=[-8.0, 0.0, 0.0], # Hard braking (deceleration)
)
result = await provider.calculate_force(request)
print("Scenario: Emergency braking")
print(f" Mass: {request.mass} kg")
print(f" Deceleration: {abs(request.acceleration[0])} m/s²")
print(f" Braking force: {abs(result.force[0]):.0f} N")
print()
# Example 2: Kinetic Energy (KE = 0.5 * m * v²)
print("2. Kinetic Energy Calculations (KE = ½mv²)")
print("-" * 60)
# Car at highway speed
request = KineticEnergyRequest(
mass=1500.0,
velocity=[30.0, 0.0, 0.0], # 30 m/s (~67 mph)
)
result = await provider.calculate_kinetic_energy(request)
print("Scenario: Car at highway speed")
print(f" Mass: {request.mass} kg")
print(f" Speed: {result.speed} m/s ({result.speed * 2.237:.1f} mph)")
print(f" Kinetic energy: {result.kinetic_energy:,.0f} J")
print(f" Equivalent to lifting {result.kinetic_energy / 9.81:.0f} kg by 1 meter!")
print()
# Baseball pitch
request = KineticEnergyRequest(
mass=0.145, # 145g baseball
velocity=[40.0, 0.0, 0.0], # 40 m/s (~90 mph)
)
result = await provider.calculate_kinetic_energy(request)
print("Scenario: Baseball pitch")
print(f" Mass: {request.mass} kg")
print(f" Speed: {result.speed} m/s ({result.speed * 2.237:.1f} mph)")
print(f" Kinetic energy: {result.kinetic_energy:.1f} J")
print()
# Energy comparison at different speeds
print("Energy comparison (1500 kg car at different speeds):")
print(f"{'Speed (mph)':<15} {'Speed (m/s)':<15} {'Energy (J)':<15} {'Relative':<15}")
print("-" * 60)
speeds_mph = [10, 30, 50, 70, 90]
energies = []
for speed_mph in speeds_mph:
speed_ms = speed_mph / 2.237
request = KineticEnergyRequest(mass=1500.0, velocity=[speed_ms, 0.0, 0.0])
result = await provider.calculate_kinetic_energy(request)
energies.append(result.kinetic_energy)
relative = result.kinetic_energy / energies[0] if energies[0] > 0 else 1.0
print(
f"{speed_mph:<15} {speed_ms:<15.1f} {result.kinetic_energy:<15,.0f} {relative:<15.1f}x"
)
print("\nNote: Energy increases with the SQUARE of speed!")
print("Doubling speed = 4x energy, tripling speed = 9x energy")
print()
# Example 3: Momentum (p = mv)
print("3. Momentum Calculations (p = mv)")
print("-" * 60)
# Truck vs car
scenarios = [
("Truck", 10000.0, [15.0, 0.0, 0.0]),
("Car", 1500.0, [30.0, 0.0, 0.0]),
("Motorcycle", 200.0, [40.0, 0.0, 0.0]),
]
print("Comparing momentum of different vehicles:")
print(f"{'Vehicle':<15} {'Mass (kg)':<15} {'Speed (m/s)':<15} {'Momentum (kg·m/s)':<20}")
print("-" * 60)
for name, mass, velocity in scenarios:
request = MomentumRequest(mass=mass, velocity=velocity)
result = await provider.calculate_momentum(request)
print(f"{name:<15} {mass:<15,.0f} {velocity[0]:<15.1f} {result.magnitude:<20,.0f}")
print()
print("Note: Truck has same momentum as car despite lower speed!")
print()
# Collision momentum conservation
print("4. Collision Analysis (Momentum Conservation)")
print("-" * 60)
# Two cars colliding
car1_mass = 1500.0
car1_velocity = [20.0, 0.0, 0.0]
car2_mass = 1200.0
car2_velocity = [-15.0, 0.0, 0.0]
# Calculate individual momenta
request1 = MomentumRequest(mass=car1_mass, velocity=car1_velocity)
result1 = await provider.calculate_momentum(request1)
request2 = MomentumRequest(mass=car2_mass, velocity=car2_velocity)
result2 = await provider.calculate_momentum(request2)
# Calculate total momentum (vector sum)
total_momentum = [
result1.momentum[0] + result2.momentum[0],
result1.momentum[1] + result2.momentum[1],
result1.momentum[2] + result2.momentum[2],
]
total_mass = car1_mass + car2_mass
# Final velocity (assuming they stick together)
final_velocity = [p / total_mass for p in total_momentum]
print("Before collision:")
print(
f" Car 1 ({car1_mass}kg at {car1_velocity[0]}m/s): momentum = {result1.magnitude:,.0f} kg·m/s"
)
print(
f" Car 2 ({car2_mass}kg at {car2_velocity[0]}m/s): momentum = {result2.magnitude:,.0f} kg·m/s"
)
print()
print("After collision (if stuck together):")
print(f" Total mass: {total_mass} kg")
print(f" Total momentum: {math.sqrt(sum(p**2 for p in total_momentum)):,.0f} kg·m/s")
print(f" Final velocity: {final_velocity[0]:.2f} m/s")
print()
# Calculate energy loss
ke1 = KineticEnergyRequest(mass=car1_mass, velocity=car1_velocity)
ke1_result = await provider.calculate_kinetic_energy(ke1)
ke2 = KineticEnergyRequest(mass=car2_mass, velocity=car2_velocity)
ke2_result = await provider.calculate_kinetic_energy(ke2)
initial_ke = ke1_result.kinetic_energy + ke2_result.kinetic_energy
final_ke_request = KineticEnergyRequest(mass=total_mass, velocity=final_velocity)
final_ke_result = await provider.calculate_kinetic_energy(final_ke_request)
energy_loss = initial_ke - final_ke_result.kinetic_energy
print("Energy analysis:")
print(f" Initial kinetic energy: {initial_ke:,.0f} J")
print(f" Final kinetic energy: {final_ke_result.kinetic_energy:,.0f} J")
print(
f" Energy lost to deformation/heat: {energy_loss:,.0f} J ({energy_loss / initial_ke * 100:.1f}%)"
)
print()
print("Momentum is conserved, but energy is not (inelastic collision)!")
print()
print("=" * 60)
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main())
