MCP-Airflow-API

🚀 MCP-Airflow-API

Revolutionary Open Source Tool for Managing Apache Airflow with Natural Language

📋 Overview

Have you ever wondered how amazing it would be if you could manage your Apache Airflow workflows using natural language instead of complex REST API calls or web interface manipulations? MCP-Airflow-API is the revolutionary open-source project that makes this goal a reality.

🎯 What is MCP-Airflow-API?

MCP-Airflow-API is an MCP server that leverages the Model Context Protocol (MCP) to transform Apache Airflow REST API operations into natural language tools. This project hides the complexity of API structures and enables intuitive management of Airflow clusters through natural language commands.

🆕 Multi-Version API Support (NEW!)

Now supports both Airflow API v1 (2.x) and v2 (3.0+) with dynamic version selection via environment variable:

• API v1: Full compatibility with Airflow 2.x clusters (43 tools) - Documentation
• API v2: Enhanced features for Airflow 3.0+ including asset management for data-aware scheduling (45 tools) - Documentation

Key Architecture: Single MCP server with shared common tools (43) plus v2-exclusive asset tools (2) - dynamically loads appropriate toolset based on AIRFLOW_API_VERSION environment variable!

Traditional approach (example):

MCP-Airflow-API approach (natural language):

"Show me the currently running DAGs"

🚀 Installation & Quick Start

📝 Need a test Airflow cluster? Use our companion project Airflow-Docker-Compose with support for both Airflow 2.x and Airflow 3.x environments!

Option 1: Direct Installation from PyPI

Option 2: Docker Compose (Complete Demo Environment)

Option 3: MCP Client Integration (e.g. Claude-Desktop)

Local Access (stdio mode)

Remote Access (streamable-http mode without authentication)

Remote Access (streamable-http mode with Bearer token authentication - Recommended)

Multiple Airflow Clusters with Different Versions

💡 Pro Tip: Use the test clusters from Airflow-Docker-Compose for the above configuration - they run on ports 38080 (2.x) and 48080 (3.x) respectively!

Getting Started with OpenWebUI (Docker Option)

1. Access http://localhost:3002/
2. Log in with admin account
3. Go to "Settings" → "Tools" from the top menu
4. Add Tool URL: http://localhost:8002/airflow-api
5. Configure your LLM provider (Ollama, OpenAI, etc.)

🌟 Key Features

1. Natural Language Queries
   No need to learn complex API syntax. Just ask as you would naturally speak:
   • "What DAGs are currently running?"
   • "Show me the failed tasks"
   • "Find DAGs containing ETL"
2. Comprehensive Monitoring Capabilities
   Real-time cluster status monitoring:
   • Cluster health monitoring
   • DAG status and performance analysis
   • Task execution log tracking
   • XCom data management
3. Dynamic API Version Support
   Single MCP server adapts to your Airflow version:
   • API v1: 43 shared tools for Airflow 2.x compatibility
   • API v2: 43 shared tools + 2 asset management tools for Airflow 3.0+
   • Environment Variable Control: Switch versions instantly with AIRFLOW_API_VERSION
   • Zero Configuration Changes: Same tool names, enhanced capabilities
   • Efficient Architecture: Shared common codebase eliminates duplication
4. Comprehensive Tool Coverage
   Covers almost all Airflow API functionality:
   • DAG management (trigger, pause, resume)
   • Task instance monitoring
   • Pool and variable management
   • Connection configuration
   • Configuration queries
   • Event log analysis
5. Large Environment Optimization
   Efficiently handles large environments with 1000+ DAGs:
   • Smart pagination support
   • Advanced filtering options
   • Batch processing capabilities

🛠️ Technical Advantages

• Leveraging Model Context Protocol (MCP)
  MCP is an open standard for secure connections between AI applications and data sources, providing:
  • Standardized interface
  • Secure data access
  • Scalable architecture
• Support for Two Transport Modes
  • stdio mode: Direct MCP client integration for local environments
  • streamable-http mode: HTTP-based deployment for Docker and remote access

  Environment Variable Control:

  FASTMCP_TYPE=stdio # Default: Direct MCP client mode FASTMCP_TYPE=streamable-http # Docker/HTTP mode FASTMCP_PORT=8000 # HTTP server port (Docker internal)
• Comprehensive Airflow API Coverage
  Full implementation of official Airflow REST APIs:
  • API v1 Support: Based on Airflow 2.x REST API
  • API v2 Support: Based on Airflow 3.0+ REST API
  • Dynamic Version Selection: Runtime switching between API versions
  • Feature Parity: Complete endpoint coverage for both versions
• Complete Docker Support
  Full Docker Compose setup with 3 separate services:
  • Open WebUI: Web interface (port 3002)
  • MCP Server: Airflow API tools (internal port 8000, exposed via 18002)
  • MCPO Proxy: REST API endpoint provider (port 8002)

Use Cases in Action

⚙️ Advanced Configuration

Environment Variables

API Version Comparison

Official Documentation:

• API v1: Airflow 2.x REST API Reference
• API v2: Airflow 3.0+ REST API Reference

🔐 Security & Authentication

Bearer Token Authentication

For streamable-http mode, this MCP server supports Bearer token authentication to secure remote access. This is especially important when running the server in production environments.

Configuration

Enable Authentication:

Or via CLI:

Security Levels

1. stdio mode (Default): Local-only access, no authentication needed
2. streamable-http + REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=false: Remote access without authentication ⚠️ NOT RECOMMENDED for production
3. streamable-http + REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=true: Remote access with Bearer token authentication ✅ RECOMMENDED for production

Note: REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE defaults to false when undefined, empty, or null. Supported values are true/false, 1/0, yes/no, on/off (case insensitive).

Client Configuration

When authentication is enabled, MCP clients must include the Bearer token in the Authorization header:

Security Best Practices

• Always enable authentication when using streamable-http mode in production
• Use strong, randomly generated secret keys (32+ characters recommended)
• Use HTTPS when possible (configure reverse proxy with SSL/TLS)
• Restrict network access using firewalls or network policies
• Rotate secret keys regularly for enhanced security
• Monitor access logs for unauthorized access attempts

Error Handling

When authentication fails, the server returns:

• 401 Unauthorized for missing or invalid tokens
• Detailed error messages in JSON format for debugging

Custom Docker Compose Setup

Development Installation

🧪 Test Airflow Cluster Deployment

For testing and development, use our companion project Airflow-Docker-Compose which supports both Airflow 2.x and 3.x environments.

Quick Setup

1. Clone the test environment repository:
   git clone https://github.com/call518/Airflow-Docker-Compose.git cd Airflow-Docker-Compose

Option 1: Deploy Airflow 2.x (LTS)

For testing API v1 compatibility with stable production features:

Environment details:

• Image: apache/airflow:2.10.2
• Port: 38080 (configurable via AIRFLOW_WEBSERVER_PORT)
• API: /api/v1/* endpoints
• Authentication: Basic Auth
• Use case: Production-ready, stable features

Option 2: Deploy Airflow 3.x (Latest)

For testing API v2 with latest features including Assets management:

Environment details:

• Image: apache/airflow:3.0.6
• Port: 48080 (configurable via AIRFLOW_APISERVER_PORT)
• API: /api/v2/* endpoints + Assets management
• Authentication: JWT Token (FabAuthManager)
• Use case: Development, testing new features

Option 3: Deploy Both Versions Simultaneously

For comprehensive testing across different Airflow versions:

Key Differences

Cleanup

To stop and clean up the test environments:

🌈 Future-Ready Architecture

• Scalable design and modular structure for easy addition of new features
• Standards-compliant protocol for integration with other tools
• Cloud-native operations and LLM-ready interface
• Context-aware query processing and automated workflow management capabilities

🎯 Who Is This Tool For?

• Data Engineers — Reduce debugging time, improve productivity, minimize learning curve
• DevOps Engineers — Automate infrastructure monitoring, reduce incident response time
• System Administrators — User-friendly management without complex APIs, real-time cluster status monitoring

🚀 Open Source Contribution and Community

Repository: https://github.com/call518/MCP-Airflow-API

How to Contribute

• Bug reports and feature suggestions
• Documentation improvements
• Code contributions

Please consider starring the project if you find it useful.

🔮 Conclusion

MCP-Airflow-API changes the paradigm of data engineering and workflow management:
No need to memorize REST API calls — just ask in natural language:

"Show me the status of currently running ETL jobs."

🏷️ Tags

#Apache-Airflow #MCP #ModelContextProtocol #DataEngineering #DevOps #WorkflowAutomation #NaturalLanguage #OpenSource #Python #Docker #AI-Integration

📚 Example Queries & Use Cases

This section provides comprehensive examples of how to use MCP-Airflow-API tools with natural language queries.

Basic DAG Operations

• list_dags: "List all DAGs with limit 10 in a table format." → Returns up to 10 DAGs
• list_dags: "List all DAGs a table format." → Returns up to All DAGs (WARN: Need High Tokens)
• list_dags: "Show next page of DAGs." → Use offset for pagination
• list_dags: "List DAGs 21-40." → list_dags(limit=20, offset=20)
• list_dags: "Filter DAGs whose ID contains 'tutorial'." → list_dags(id_contains="etl")
• list_dags: "Filter DAGs whose display name contains 'tutorial'." → list_dags(name_contains="daily")
• get_dags_detailed_batch: "Get detailed information for all DAGs with execution status." → get_dags_detailed_batch(fetch_all=True)
• get_dags_detailed_batch: "Get details for active, unpaused DAGs with recent runs." → get_dags_detailed_batch(is_active=True, is_paused=False)
• get_dags_detailed_batch: "Get detailed info for DAGs containing 'example' with run history." → get_dags_detailed_batch(id_contains="example", limit=50)
• running_dags: "Show running DAGs."
• failed_dags: "Show failed DAGs."
• trigger_dag: "Trigger DAG 'example_complex'."
• pause_dag: "Pause DAG 'example_complex' in a table format."
• unpause_dag: "Unpause DAG 'example_complex' in a table format."

Cluster Management & Health

• get_health: "Check Airflow cluster health."
• get_version: "Get Airflow version information."

Pool Management

• list_pools: "List all pools."
• list_pools: "Show pool usage statistics."
• get_pool: "Get details for pool 'default_pool'."
• get_pool: "Check pool utilization."

Variable Management

• list_variables: "List all variables."
• list_variables: "Show all Airflow variables with their values."
• get_variable: "Get variable 'database_url'."
• get_variable: "Show the value of variable 'api_key'."

Task Instance Management

• list_task_instances_all: "List all task instances for DAG 'example_complex'."
• list_task_instances_all: "Show running task instances."
• list_task_instances_all: "Show task instances filtered by pool 'default_pool'."
• list_task_instances_all: "List task instances with duration greater than 300 seconds."
• list_task_instances_all: "Show failed task instances from last week."
• list_task_instances_all: "List failed task instances from yesterday."
• list_task_instances_all: "Show task instances that started after 9 AM today."
• list_task_instances_all: "List task instances from the last 3 days with state 'failed'."
• get_task_instance_details: "Get details for task 'data_processing' in DAG 'example_complex' run 'scheduled__xxxxx'."
• list_task_instances_batch: "List failed task instances from last month."
• list_task_instances_batch: "Show task instances in batch for multiple DAGs from this week."
• get_task_instance_extra_links: "Get extra links for task 'data_processing' in latest run."
• get_task_instance_logs: "Retrieve logs for task 'create_entry_gcs' try number 2 of DAG 'example_complex'."

XCom Management

• list_xcom_entries: "List XCom entries for task 'data_processing' in DAG 'example_complex' run 'scheduled__xxxxx'."
• list_xcom_entries: "Show all XCom entries for task 'data_processing' in latest run."
• get_xcom_entry: "Get XCom entry with key 'result' for task 'data_processing' in specific run."
• get_xcom_entry: "Retrieve XCom value for key 'processed_count' from task 'data_processing'."

Configuration Management

• get_config: "Show all Airflow configuration sections and options." → Returns complete config or 403 if expose_config=False
• list_config_sections: "List all configuration sections with summary information."
• get_config_section: "Get all settings in 'core' section." → get_config_section("core")
• get_config_section: "Show webserver configuration options." → get_config_section("webserver")
• search_config_options: "Find all database-related configuration options." → search_config_options("database")
• search_config_options: "Search for timeout settings in configuration." → search_config_options("timeout")

Important: Configuration tools require expose_config = True in airflow.cfg [webserver] section. Even admin users get 403 errors if this is disabled.

DAG Analysis & Monitoring

• get_dag: "Get details for DAG 'example_complex'."
• get_dags_detailed_batch: "Get comprehensive details for all DAGs with execution history." → get_dags_detailed_batch(fetch_all=True)
• get_dags_detailed_batch: "Get details for active DAGs with latest run information." → get_dags_detailed_batch(is_active=True)
• get_dags_detailed_batch: "Get detailed info for ETL DAGs with recent execution data." → get_dags_detailed_batch(id_contains="etl")

Note: get_dags_detailed_batch returns each DAG with both configuration details (from get_dag()) and a latest_dag_run field containing the most recent execution information (run_id, state, execution_date, start_date, end_date, etc.).

• dag_graph: "Show task graph for DAG 'example_complex'."
• list_tasks: "List all tasks in DAG 'example_complex'."
• dag_code: "Get source code for DAG 'example_complex'."
• list_event_logs: "List event logs for DAG 'example_complex'."
• list_event_logs: "Show event logs with ID from yesterday for all DAGs."
• get_event_log: "Get event log entry with ID 12345."
• all_dag_event_summary: "Show event count summary for all DAGs."
• list_import_errors: "List import errors with ID."
• get_import_error: "Get import error with ID 67890."
• all_dag_import_summary: "Show import error summary for all DAGs."
• dag_run_duration: "Get run duration stats for DAG 'example_complex'."
• dag_task_duration: "Show latest run of DAG 'example_complex'."
• dag_task_duration: "Show task durations for latest run of 'manual__xxxxx'."
• dag_calendar: "Get calendar info for DAG 'example_complex' from last month."
• dag_calendar: "Show DAG schedule for 'example_complex' from this week."

Date Calculation Examples

Tools automatically base relative date calculations on the server's current date/time:

The server always uses its current date/time for these calculations.

Asset Management (API v2 Only)

Available only when AIRFLOW_API_VERSION=v2 (Airflow 3.0+):

• list_assets: "Show all assets registered in the system." → Lists all data assets for data-aware scheduling
• list_assets: "Find assets with URI containing 's3://data-lake'." → list_assets(uri_pattern="s3://data-lake")
• list_asset_events: "Show recent asset events." → Lists when assets were created or updated
• list_asset_events: "Show asset events for specific URI." → list_asset_events(asset_uri="s3://bucket/file.csv")
• list_asset_events: "Find events produced by ETL DAGs." → list_asset_events(source_dag_id="etl_pipeline")

Data-Aware Scheduling Examples:

• "Show me which assets trigger the customer_analysis DAG."
• "List all assets created by the data_ingestion DAG this week."
• "Find assets that haven't been updated recently."
• "Show the data lineage for our ML training pipeline."

Contributing

🤝 Got ideas? Found bugs? Want to add cool features?

We're always excited to welcome new contributors! Whether you're fixing a typo, adding a new monitoring tool, or improving documentation - every contribution makes this project better.

Ways to contribute:

• 🐛 Report issues or bugs
• 💡 Suggest new Airflow monitoring features
• 📝 Improve documentation
• 🚀 Submit pull requests
• ⭐ Star the repo if you find it useful!

Pro tip: The codebase is designed to be super friendly for adding new tools. Check out the existing @mcp.tool() functions in airflow_api.py.

License

Freely use, modify, and distribute under the MIT License.