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1. Understanding the Architecture
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Step 2.1: Create the Language Module File
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Step 2.3: Implement <Lang>TreeSitterParser Class
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Step 2.4: Implement pre_scan_<lang> Function
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<h1 id="contributing-new-language-support-to-codegraphcontext">Contributing New Language Support to CodeGraphContext</h1>
<p>This document outlines the steps and best practices for adding support for a new programming language to CodeGraphContext. By following this guide, contributors can efficiently integrate new languages and leverage the Neo4j graph for verification.</p>
<h2 id="1-understanding-the-architecture">1. Understanding the Architecture</h2>
<p>CodeGraphContext uses a modular architecture for multi-language support:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Generic <code>TreeSitterParser</code> (in <code>graph_builder.py</code>):</strong> This acts as a wrapper, dispatching parsing tasks to language-specific implementations.</li>
<li><strong>Language-Specific Parser Modules (in <code>src/codegraphcontext/tools/languages/</code>):</strong> Each language (e.g., Python, JavaScript) has its own module (e.g., <code>python.py</code>, <code>javascript.py</code>) containing:<ul>
<li>Tree-sitter queries (<code><LANG>_QUERIES</code>).</li>
<li>A <code><Lang>TreeSitterParser</code> class that encapsulates language-specific parsing logic.</li>
<li>A <code>pre_scan_<lang></code> function for initial symbol mapping.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong><code>GraphBuilder</code> (in <code>graph_builder.py</code>):</strong> Manages the overall graph building process, including file discovery, pre-scanning, and dispatching to the correct language parser.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="2-steps-to-add-a-new-language-eg-typescript-ts">2. Steps to Add a New Language (e.g., TypeScript - <code>.ts</code>)</h2>
<h3 id="step-21-create-the-language-module-file">Step 2.1: Create the Language Module File</h3>
<ol>
<li>Create a new file: <code>src/codegraphcontext/tools/languages/typescript.py</code>.</li>
<li>Add the necessary imports: <code>from pathlib import Path</code>, <code>from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple</code>, <code>import logging</code>, <code>import ast</code> (if needed for AST manipulation).</li>
<li>Define <code>TS_QUERIES</code> (Tree-sitter queries for TypeScript).</li>
<li>Create a <code>TypescriptTreeSitterParser</code> class.</li>
<li>Create a <code>pre_scan_typescript</code> function.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="step-22-define-tree-sitter-queries-ts_queries">Step 2.2: Define Tree-sitter Queries (<code>TS_QUERIES</code>)</h3>
<p>This is the most critical and often iterative step. You'll need to define queries for:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>functions</code></strong>: Function declarations, arrow functions, methods.</li>
<li><strong><code>classes</code></strong>: Class declarations, class expressions.</li>
<li><strong><code>imports</code></strong>: ES6 imports (<code>import ... from ...</code>), CommonJS <code>require()</code>.</li>
<li><strong><code>calls</code></strong>: Function calls, method calls.</li>
<li><strong><code>variables</code></strong>: Variable declarations (<code>let</code>, <code>const</code>, <code>var</code>).</li>
<li><strong><code>docstrings</code></strong>: (Optional) How documentation comments are identified.</li>
<li><strong><code>lambda_assignments</code></strong>: (Optional, Python-specific) If the language has similar constructs.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Tips for Query Writing:</strong>
* <strong>Consult Tree-sitter Grammars:</strong> Find the <code>node-types.json</code> or grammar definition for your language (e.g., <code>tree-sitter-typescript</code>).
* <strong>Use <code>tree-sitter parse</code>:</strong> Use the <code>tree-sitter parse</code> command-line tool to inspect the AST of sample code snippets. This is invaluable for identifying correct node types and field names.
* <strong>Start Simple:</strong> Begin with basic queries and gradually add complexity.
* <strong>Test Iteratively:</strong> After each query, test it with sample code.</p>
<h3 id="step-23-implement-langtreesitterparser-class">Step 2.3: Implement <code><Lang>TreeSitterParser</code> Class</h3>
<p>This class (e.g., <code>TypescriptTreeSitterParser</code>) will encapsulate the language-specific logic.</p>
<ol>
<li><strong><code>__init__(self, generic_parser_wrapper)</code></strong>:<ul>
<li>Store <code>generic_parser_wrapper</code>, <code>language_name</code>, <code>language</code>, <code>parser</code> from the generic wrapper.</li>
<li>Load <code>TS_QUERIES</code> using <code>self.language.query(query_str)</code>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Helper Methods</strong>:<ul>
<li><code>_get_node_text(self, node)</code>: Extracts text from a tree-sitter node.</li>
<li><code>_get_parent_context(self, node, types=...)</code>: (Language-specific node types for context).</li>
<li><code>_calculate_complexity(self, node)</code>: (Language-specific complexity nodes).</li>
<li><code>_get_docstring(self, body_node)</code>: (Language-specific docstring extraction).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong><code>parse(self, path: Path, is_dependency: bool = False) -> Dict</code></strong>:<ul>
<li>Reads the file, parses it with <code>self.parser</code>.</li>
<li>Calls its own <code>_find_*</code> methods (<code>_find_functions</code>, <code>_find_classes</code>, etc.).</li>
<li>Returns a standardized dictionary format (as seen in <code>python.py</code> and <code>javascript.py</code>).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong><code>_find_*</code> Methods</strong>:
Implement these for each query type, extracting data from the AST and populating the standardized dictionary.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="step-24-implement-pre_scan_lang-function">Step 2.4: Implement <code>pre_scan_<lang></code> Function</h3>
<p>This function (e.g., <code>pre_scan_typescript</code>) will quickly scan files to build an initial <code>imports_map</code>.</p>
<ol>
<li>It takes <code>files: list[Path]</code> and <code>parser_wrapper</code> (an instance of <code>TreeSitterParser</code>).</li>
<li>Uses a simplified query (e.g., for <code>class_declaration</code> and <code>function_declaration</code>) to quickly find definitions.</li>
<li>Returns a dictionary mapping symbol names to file paths.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="step-25-integrate-into-graph_builderpy">Step 2.5: Integrate into <code>graph_builder.py</code></h3>
<ol>
<li><strong><code>GraphBuilder.__init__</code></strong>:<ul>
<li>Add <code>'.ts': TreeSitterParser('typescript')</code> to <code>self.parsers</code>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong><code>TreeSitterParser.__init__</code></strong>:<ul>
<li>Add an <code>elif self.language_name == 'typescript':</code> block to initialize <code>self.language_specific_parser</code> with <code>TypescriptTreeSitterParser(self)</code>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong><code>GraphBuilder._pre_scan_for_imports</code></strong>:<ul>
<li>Add an <code>elif '.ts' in files_by_lang:</code> block to import <code>pre_scan_typescript</code> and call it.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="3-verification-and-debugging-using-neo4j">3. Verification and Debugging using Neo4j</h2>
<p>After implementing support for a new language, it's crucial to verify that the graph is being built correctly.</p>
<h3 id="step-31-prepare-a-sample-project">Step 3.1: Prepare a Sample Project</h3>
<p>Create a small sample project for your new language (e.g., <code>tests/sample_project_typescript/</code>) with:
* Function declarations.
* Class declarations (including inheritance).
* Various import types (if applicable).
* Function calls.
* Variable declarations.</p>
<h3 id="step-32-index-the-sample-project">Step 3.2: Index the Sample Project</h3>
<ol>
<li><strong>Delete existing data (if any):</strong>
```bash
# Replace with your sample project path
<tool_code>print(default_api.delete_repository(repo_path='/path/to/your/sample_project'))</tool_code></li>
<li><strong>Index the project:</strong>
```bash
# Replace with your sample project path
<tool_code>print(default_api.add_code_to_graph(path='/path/to/your/sample_project'))</tool_code></li>
<li><strong>Monitor job status:</strong>
```bash
# Use the job_id returned by add_code_to_graph
<tool_code>print(default_api.check_job_status(job_id='<your_job_id>'))</tool_code></li>
</ol>
<h3 id="step-33-query-the-neo4j-graph">Step 3.3: Query the Neo4j Graph</h3>
<p>Use Cypher queries to inspect the generated graph.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>Check for Files and Language Tags:</strong>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">File</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STARTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'/path/to/your/sample_project'</span>
<span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lang</span>
</code></pre></div>
<em>Expected:</em> All files from your sample project should be listed with the correct <code>lang</code> tag.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Check for Functions:</strong>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">File</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">CONTAINS</span><span class="o">]-></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fn</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STARTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'/path/to/your/sample_project'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lang</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'<your_language_name>'</span>
<span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FileName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FunctionName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">line_number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Line</span>
</code></pre></div>
<em>Expected:</em> All functions from your sample project should be listed.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Check for Classes:</strong>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">File</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">CONTAINS</span><span class="o">]-></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Class</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STARTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'/path/to/your/sample_project'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lang</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'<your_language_name>'</span>
<span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FileName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ClassName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">line_number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Line</span>
</code></pre></div>
<em>Expected:</em> All classes from your sample project should be listed.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Check for Imports (Module-level):</strong>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">File</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">IMPORTS</span><span class="o">]-></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STARTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'/path/to/your/sample_project'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lang</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'<your_language_name>'</span>
<span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FileName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ImportedModule</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">full_import_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FullImportName</span>
</code></pre></div>
<em>Expected:</em> All module-level imports should be listed.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Check for Function Calls:</strong>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">CALLS</span><span class="o">]-></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">callee</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STARTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'/path/to/your/sample_project'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lang</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'<your_language_name>'</span>
<span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Caller</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">callee</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Callee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CallerFile</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">callee</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CalleeFile</span>
</code></pre></div>
<em>Expected:</em> All function calls should be correctly linked.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Check for Class Inheritance:</strong>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Class</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">INHERITS</span><span class="o">]-></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">Class</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STARTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'/path/to/your/sample_project'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lang</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'<your_language_name>'</span>
<span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ChildClass</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ParentClass</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ChildFile</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ParentFile</span>
</code></pre></div>
<em>Expected:</em> All inheritance relationships should be correctly linked.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="step-34-debugging-common-issues">Step 3.4: Debugging Common Issues</h3>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>NameError: Invalid node type ...</code></strong>: Your tree-sitter query is using a node type that doesn't exist in the language's grammar. Use <code>tree-sitter parse</code> to inspect the AST.</li>
<li><strong>Missing Relationships (e.g., <code>CALLS</code>, <code>IMPORTS</code>)</strong>:<ul>
<li><strong>Check <code>_find_*</code> methods</strong>: Ensure your <code>_find_*</code> methods are correctly extracting the necessary data.</li>
<li><strong>Check <code>imports_map</code></strong>: Verify that the <code>pre_scan_<lang></code> function is correctly populating the <code>imports_map</code>.</li>
<li><strong>Check <code>local_imports</code> map</strong>: Ensure the <code>local_imports</code> map (built in <code>_create_function_calls</code> and <code>_create_inheritance_links</code>) is correctly resolving symbols.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Incorrect <code>lang</code> tags</strong>: Ensure <code>self.language_name</code> is correctly passed and stored.</li>
</ul>
<p>By following these steps, contributors can effectively add and verify new language support.</p>
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