clinicaltrialsgov-mcp-server
Server Details
Search ClinicalTrials.gov — find studies, retrieve results, match patients to eligible trials.
- Status
- Healthy
- Last Tested
- Transport
- Streamable HTTP
- URL
- Repository
- cyanheads/clinicaltrialsgov-mcp-server
- GitHub Stars
- 80
- Server Listing
- clinicaltrialsgov-mcp-server
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Tool Definition Quality
Average 4.4/5 across 7 of 7 tools scored. Lowest: 3.6/5.
Each tool targets a distinct function: patient matching, field definitions, field values, study count, study record, study results, and search. No overlapping purposes, making selection unambiguous.
All tools follow a consistent 'clinicaltrials_verb_noun' snake_case pattern, e.g., 'clinicaltrials_find_eligible', 'clinicaltrials_get_study_count'. The naming is predictable and uniform.
With 7 tools, the set covers core functionalities for interacting with ClinicalTrials.gov: search, fetch details, results, counts, and field exploration. The scope is appropriate without being excessive.
The tools form a comprehensive surface for querying clinical trials: search with filters, individual study records, results data, patient eligibility matching, field definitions, and counts. No obvious gaps for a read-only API interface.
Available Tools
7 toolsclinicaltrials_find_eligibleClinicaltrials Find EligibleARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Match patient demographics and conditions to eligible recruiting clinical trials. Provide age, sex, conditions, and location to find studies with matching eligibility criteria, contact information, and recruiting locations. Results are re-ranked so studies whose own condition matches a requested condition surface above tangential matches from ClinicalTrials.gov's fuzzy condition search.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| age | Yes | Patient age in years. | |
| sex | Yes | Patient's biological sex. Use 'ALL' to include studies regardless of sex restrictions. | |
| location | Yes | Patient location as `{ country (required), state?, city? }`. Country is required; state/city narrow the match. For radius-based geographic search, use clinicaltrials_search_studies with geoFilter. | |
| conditions | Yes | Medical conditions or diagnoses, e.g. ["Type 2 Diabetes", "Hypertension"]. Each entry is matched as a condition (multi-word entries match as a phrase); multiple entries are combined with OR, so studies for any listed condition qualify. Returned studies are re-ranked so those whose own condition list names a requested condition rank above tangential matches the upstream fuzzy search pulls in via the MeSH umbrella. | |
| maxResults | No | Maximum results to return. | |
| recruitingOnly | No | Only include actively recruiting studies. | |
| healthyVolunteer | No | Whether the patient is a healthy volunteer. When true, only studies accepting healthy volunteers are queried. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| funnel | Yes | Match counts at each filter stage. Shows where the funnel collapsed — e.g., conditionMatched=298 but demographicsMatched=2 means age/sex/status are the constraint. |
| notice | No | Recovery guidance when no studies matched — identifies which filter stage collapsed and suggests how to broaden. Absent when results are returned. |
| studies | Yes | Matching studies with eligibility and location fields. |
| totalCount | No | Total matching studies from the API. |
| searchCriteria | Yes | Normalized search criteria applied to this eligibility query. |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnlyHint, openWorldHint, and idempotentHint. The description adds critical context about re-ranking: 'Results are re-ranked so studies whose own condition matches a requested condition surface above tangential matches.' This explains an important behavioral nuance beyond annotations.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is two sentences: the first states purpose and required inputs, the second explains re-ranking. It is front-loaded, concise, and contains no fluff. Every sentence adds value.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the tool's complexity (7 parameters, nested objects, output schema exists), the description adequately covers purpose, required inputs, key behaviors (eligibility, re-ranking), and uses annotations for safety. It is complete for an AI agent to select and invoke correctly.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100%, but the description adds meaningful extra context: for 'conditions', it explains OR logic and re-ranking; for 'location', it mentions that country is required and state/city narrow the match, and references an alternative for radius search. This goes beyond the schema alone.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states the tool's purpose: 'Match patient demographics and conditions to eligible recruiting clinical trials.' It specifies the verb 'Match', the resource 'clinical trials', and the context of demographics and conditions, distinguishing it from siblings by focusing on eligibility and recruiting.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description provides clear guidance on required inputs (age, sex, conditions, location) and explains the re-ranking behavior. However, it does not explicitly state when not to use this tool or compare it to alternatives like clinicaltrials_search_studies, leaving some ambiguity.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
clinicaltrials_get_field_definitionsClinicaltrials Get Field DefinitionsARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Resolve valid field names from the ClinicalTrials.gov data model — the canonical PascalCase identifiers (OverallStatus, EnrollmentCount, LeadSponsorName) accepted by the fields, advancedFilter, and sort parameters of other tools, and as input to clinicaltrials_get_field_values. Select a mode: "search" — keyword search returning ranked matches (pass query, e.g. "enrollment", "sponsor", "adverse events"); "drill" — drill into a specific section by dot-notation path (pass path, e.g. "protocolSection.designModule"); "overview" — top-level summary of all sections (no additional args).
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| mode | Yes | Operation mode. "search" — keyword search (requires `query`); "drill" — drill into a section by path (requires `path`); "overview" — list all top-level sections (no other args needed). | |
| path | No | drill mode only. Dot-notation path to drill into — e.g., "protocolSection.designModule", "protocolSection.eligibilityModule", "resultsSection". Returns the section's individual fields. | |
| limit | No | search mode only. Maximum results to return. Default: 20. | |
| query | No | search mode only. Keyword to search field names by — e.g., "enrollment", "sponsor", "adverse events". Returns matching field names ranked by relevance with their full paths and data types. | |
| includeIndexedOnly | No | drill mode only. Only return indexed (searchable) fields. Default: false. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| cap | No | The limit cap applied to this search (search mode only). |
| shown | No | Number of fields returned (search mode only). |
| fields | Yes | Field definitions, ordered by relevance when mode is "search". |
| notice | No | Recovery guidance when search mode returns no matches, or a truncation note when results are capped. |
| truncated | No | True when the field list was capped by the limit parameter (search mode only). |
| searchQuery | No | Echo of the keyword used in search mode. Absent for drill and overview. |
| totalFields | Yes | Total fields returned. |
| resolvedPath | No | Resolved path when mode is "drill". |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnlyHint, openWorldHint, idempotentHint. The description adds behavioral context beyond annotations: it describes the nature of results (ranked matches for search, field list for drill, section summary for overview) and explains that it resolves field names from the data model, which is consistent with read-only, idempotent behavior.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is front-loaded with the core purpose and then details modes. While slightly long, every sentence earns its place by providing essential usage information. It could be slightly more compact, but the structure is logical and clear.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the tool's complexity (5 parameters, 1 required, output schema exists), the description is complete: it explains all modes, parameter dependencies (query required for search, path for drill), provides examples, and mentions integration with other tools. No gaps remain for an agent to effectively select and invoke the tool.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100%, but the description adds meaningful context: for 'query' it provides examples ('enrollment', 'sponsor'), for 'path' it gives dot-notation examples, and for 'mode' it clarifies conditional requirements. This enriches parameter understanding beyond the schema alone.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states it resolves valid field names from the ClinicalTrials.gov data model, listing example PascalCase identifiers. It distinguishes three modes (search, drill, overview) with specific behaviors, making the tool's purpose unambiguous and distinct from siblings.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description explicitly explains when to use each mode: search for keyword matching, drill for section path exploration, overview for top-level summary. It also notes that the output is used as input to other tools like clinicaltrials_get_field_values, providing clear usage context.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
clinicaltrials_get_field_valuesClinicaltrials Get Field ValuesARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Discover valid values for ClinicalTrials.gov fields with study counts per value. Use to explore available filter options before building a search — e.g., valid OverallStatus, Phase, InterventionType, StudyType, or LeadSponsorClass values.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| fields | Yes | PascalCase field name(s) to get value statistics for. Examples: OverallStatus, Phase, StudyType, Sex, LeadSponsorClass. Use clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions with a query to find more field names. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| fieldStats | Yes | One entry per requested field: canonical path, PascalCase piece name, data type, missing/unique counts, and top values with study counts (or trueCount/falseCount for BOOLEAN fields). |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
The description adds behavioral context beyond the annotations (readOnlyHint, openWorldHint, idempotentHint) by stating the tool returns 'study counts per value'. This aligns with the annotations and provides operational insight without contradicting them.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is two sentences with no wasted words. The first sentence immediately states the action and output, and the second provides concrete usage guidance and example fields, making it highly efficient.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the tool's simplicity (one parameter with full schema description, output schema present, and rich annotations), the description fully covers the needed context: what it does, when to use it, and what output to expect (values with counts). No gaps remain.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
With 100% schema description coverage, the parameter is already well-documented. The tool description adds value by illustrating the purpose ('Discover valid values...with study counts per value') and giving usage examples, supplementing rather than repeating the schema.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description uses the specific verb 'Discover' and clearly identifies the resource as 'valid values for ClinicalTrials.gov fields with study counts per value'. It provides concrete examples (OverallStatus, Phase, etc.) and distinguishes itself from the sibling tool 'clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions' by focusing on values rather than field definitions.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description explicitly states usage context: 'Use to explore available filter options before building a search'. It gives examples of fields to query, implying when to use it. However, it does not explicitly state when not to use it or contrast with alternatives beyond the implied distinction from field definitions.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
clinicaltrials_get_study_countClinicaltrials Get Study CountARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Get total clinical trial study count from ClinicalTrials.gov matching a query, without fetching study data. Fast and lightweight. Use for quick statistics or to build breakdowns by calling multiple times with different filters (e.g., count by phase, count by status, count recruiting vs completed for a condition).
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| query | No | General free-text search across all fields. Plain words plus AND, OR, NOT. `[ ]` are reserved (advancedFilter AREA[] only); `( )` group sub-expressions and work when matched; `,` acts as AND. For field-scoped searches, use the dedicated *Query parameters (conditionQuery, interventionQuery, etc.) or advancedFilter with AREA[FieldName]value. | |
| titleQuery | No | Search within study titles and acronyms only. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| phaseFilter | No | Filter by trial phase. Values: EARLY_PHASE1, PHASE1, PHASE2, PHASE3, PHASE4, NA. | |
| outcomeQuery | No | Search within outcome measure fields. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| sponsorQuery | No | Sponsor/collaborator name search. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| statusFilter | No | Filter by study status. Values: RECRUITING, COMPLETED, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING, NOT_YET_RECRUITING, ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION, SUSPENDED, TERMINATED, WITHDRAWN, UNKNOWN, WITHHELD, NO_LONGER_AVAILABLE, AVAILABLE, APPROVED_FOR_MARKETING, TEMPORARILY_NOT_AVAILABLE. | |
| locationQuery | No | Location search — city, state, country, or facility name. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| advancedFilter | No | Advanced filter using AREA[FieldName]value syntax. Examples: "AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL", "AREA[EnrollmentCount]RANGE[100, 1000]", "AREA[Phase]PHASE2 AND AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL", "(AREA[Phase]PHASE3 OR AREA[Phase]PHASE4) AND AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL". AND/OR/NOT join complete AREA[FieldName]value expressions; parentheses group them. Call clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions to find AREA[]-compatible field names. | |
| conditionQuery | No | Condition/disease-specific search. E.g., "Type 2 Diabetes", "non-small cell lung cancer". Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| interventionQuery | No | Intervention/treatment search. E.g., "pembrolizumab", "cognitive behavioral therapy". Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| includeUnknownEnrollment | No | Include studies whose EnrollmentCount is the upstream "unknown" sentinel (99999999). Excluded by default — the sentinel pollutes RANGE[N, MAX] queries. Set true for data-quality audits. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| notice | No | Recovery guidance when totalCount is 0 — suggests how to broaden the query or filters. |
| totalCount | Yes | Total studies matching the query/filters. |
| searchCriteria | No | Echo of active query/filter criteria applied to this count, including sentinelFilterActive when the default unknown-enrollment exclusion is in effect. |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnlyHint, idempotentHint, and openWorldHint. The description adds that it is 'Fast and lightweight' and 'without fetching study data', providing useful behavioral context beyond the annotations.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is two sentences, front-loaded with the core purpose and usage advice. Every sentence is informative and there is no repetition or fluff.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the rich schema and annotations, the description covers the high-level use case and scenario. The output schema (mentioned) likely details return values, so the description is sufficiently complete for a well-documented tool.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100% with detailed descriptions for all 11 parameters, so the description adds limited additional value. It mentions using filters to build breakdowns, which guides parameter use, but this is not extensive.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states it 'Get total clinical trial study count' without fetching data, distinguishing it from sibling tools that retrieve records or results. It specifies the resource and action precisely.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description advises using it for quick statistics or building breakdowns by calling multiple times with different filters, providing clear context. However, it does not explicitly contrast with alternatives like clinicaltrials_search_studies, leaving some ambiguity.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
clinicaltrials_get_study_recordClinicaltrials Get Study RecordARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Fetch a single clinical trial study by NCT ID from ClinicalTrials.gov. Returns the full study record including protocol details, eligibility criteria, outcomes, arms, interventions, contacts, and locations. Optional locationLimit / outcomeLimit / referenceLimit / nearLocation parameters trim locations, outcomes, and references — original totals are preserved in filtersApplied only when a cap actually trims the set.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| nctId | Yes | NCT identifier — format `NCT` followed by 8 digits (e.g., `NCT03722472`). | |
| nearLocation | No | Filter returned locations to those within radius of (lat, lon) and sort by distance. Adds distanceMi to each location. Locations without published coordinates are dropped — most US sites carry them; international sites less reliably so. Distances reflect ClinicalTrials.gov geocoding granularity — typically city-centroid, not facility-level — so multiple sites in the same city resolve to near-identical distances. For broader geographic filtering across studies, use clinicaltrials_search_studies with geoFilter. | |
| outcomeLimit | No | Optional cap on the number of secondary and other outcomes returned. Omit for no cap (full upstream lists). Primary outcomes are never capped. Original totals preserved in filtersApplied.totalSecondaryOutcomes / totalOtherOutcomes only when the cap trims a list. | |
| locationLimit | No | Optional cap on the number of locations returned. Omit for no cap (full upstream list). Pairs naturally with nearLocation for narrowing a large multi-site trial. Original total preserved in filtersApplied.totalLocations only when the cap trims the list. | |
| referenceLimit | No | Optional cap on the number of references returned. Omit for no cap (full upstream list). Original total preserved in filtersApplied.totalReferences only when the cap trims the list. seeAlsoLinks are never capped. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| study | Yes | Full study record with caller-requested filters already applied to locations and outcomes. Top-level keys: protocolSection (identification, status, sponsor, conditions, design, arms/interventions, outcomes, eligibility, contacts/locations), derivedSection (MeSH-normalized terms), hasResults, documentSection. The heavy resultsSection is omitted — see resultsSummary for counts and clinicaltrials_get_study_results for full results data. Use clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions to explore the schema. |
| filtersApplied | Yes | Metadata about the filtering applied to `study`. |
| resultsSummary | No | Compact counts of posted results, present when hasResults is true. The full resultsSection is intentionally omitted from this record-level tool — fetch it via clinicaltrials_get_study_results or the clinicaltrials://{nctId} resource. |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations indicate read-only, open-world, and idempotent behavior. The description adds value by explaining that limit parameters trim results and that original totals are preserved in filtersApplied only when a cap actually trims. It also discloses the caveat for nearLocation that locations without coordinates are dropped and that distances are city-centroid granular.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
The description is concise with two main sentences plus parameter details. It is front-loaded with the primary purpose, then expands on optional behavior. Every sentence contributes value without redundancy.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the tool's complexity (5 parameters, nested objects, output schema exists), the description covers all important aspects: main function, parameter behavior with caveats, and return structure (full record). The output schema handles return format details, so no further explanation needed.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
All parameters have schema descriptions (100% coverage). The description adds meaningful context beyond the schema: e.g., primary outcomes are never capped for outcomeLimit, nearLocation pairs naturally with locationLimit, and nearLocation explains coordinate and distance granularity. This fully compensates for any missing schema details.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states the tool fetches a single clinical trial study by NCT ID from ClinicalTrials.gov, returning the full study record. It uses specific verb ('Fetch') and resource ('study by NCT ID'), and distinguishes itself from siblings like clinicaltrials_search_studies which searches multiple studies.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description implicitly guides usage by specifying that it's for a single study. It also provides explicit context within the nearLocation parameter description, directing users to clinicaltrials_search_studies for broader geographic filtering. However, it lacks a general 'when to use' statement relative to all siblings.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
clinicaltrials_get_study_resultsClinicaltrials Get Study ResultsARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Fetch clinical trial results data from ClinicalTrials.gov for completed studies — outcome measures with statistics, adverse events, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and results metadata (limitations & caveats, certain-agreement disclosure restrictions, results point of contact). Only available for studies where hasResults is true. Use clinicaltrials_search_studies first to find studies with results.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| nctIds | Yes | One or more NCT IDs (max 20). E.g., "NCT12345678" or ["NCT12345678", "NCT87654321"]. Use summary=true for large batches to avoid large payloads. | |
| summary | No | Return condensed summaries instead of full data. Reduces payload from ~200KB to ~5KB per study. Summaries include outcome titles, types, timeframes, group counts, and top-level stats — omitting individual measurements, analyses, and per-group data. | |
| sections | No | Filter which sections to return. Values: outcomes, adverseEvents, participantFlow, baseline, moreInfo. Omit for all sections. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| results | Yes | Results per study. |
| fetchErrors | No | Studies that could not be fetched. |
| studiesWithoutResults | No | NCT IDs that do not have results data. |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnly, openWorld, and idempotent hints. The description complements this by detailing the data content and the availability condition. It adds behavioral context without contradiction, though it omits some specifics like payload sizes for summary.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
Two sentences with front-loaded core purpose and immediate usage guidance. No unnecessary words; every sentence adds value.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
With an output schema present, the description covers purpose, usage condition, and prerequisite. It misses mentioning the summary parameter's benefit (payload reduction) which is only in the schema, but overall is fairly complete.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100% with detailed parameter descriptions. The description does not add significant meaning beyond the schema, except for mentioning sections briefly. Baseline 3 is appropriate.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description clearly states that the tool fetches clinical trial results data from ClinicalTrials.gov for completed studies, listing specific data types (outcome measures, adverse events, etc.). It distinguishes from sibling tools by mentioning precondition (hasResults true) and suggesting use of clinicaltrials_search_studies first.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description provides explicit guidance on when to use ('only available for studies where hasResults is true') and a prerequisite action ('Use clinicaltrials_search_studies first'). It does not explicitly state when not to use or list alternatives for other data, but the context is clear.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
clinicaltrials_search_studiesClinicaltrials Search StudiesARead-onlyIdempotentInspect
Search for clinical trial studies from ClinicalTrials.gov. Supports full-text and field-specific queries, status/phase/geographic filters, pagination, sorting, and field selection. Use the fields parameter to reduce payload size — full study records are ~70KB each.
| Name | Required | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| sort | No | Sort order. Format: FieldName:asc or FieldName:desc. E.g., "LastUpdatePostDate:desc", "EnrollmentCount:desc". Max 2 fields comma-separated. For "largest trials" queries, pair EnrollmentCount:desc with advancedFilter "AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL" — the top enrollment counts are observational registry/claims studies enrolling tens of millions. Enrollment counts are sponsor-reported and not validated upstream beyond the unknown-enrollment sentinel exclusion. Use clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions to find sortable field names. | |
| query | No | General free-text search across all fields. Plain words plus AND, OR, NOT. `[ ]` are reserved (advancedFilter AREA[] only); `( )` group sub-expressions and work when matched; `,` acts as AND. For field-scoped searches, use the dedicated *Query parameters (conditionQuery, interventionQuery, etc.) or advancedFilter with AREA[FieldName]value. | |
| fields | No | PascalCase leaf names to return; strongly recommended since full records are ~70KB. Common leaves: NCTId, BriefTitle, BriefSummary, OverallStatus, Phase, LeadSponsorName, Condition. Call clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions with a concept query (e.g., "adverse events", "eligibility") to find the exact leaf for any concept. | |
| nctIds | No | Filter to specific NCT IDs for batch lookups. | |
| pageSize | No | Results per page, 1–200. | |
| geoFilter | No | Geographic proximity filter. Format: distance(lat,lon,radius). E.g., "distance(47.6062,-122.3321,50mi)" for studies within 50 miles of Seattle. | |
| pageToken | No | Pagination cursor from a previous response. | |
| countTotal | No | Include total study count in response. Only computed on the first page. | |
| titleQuery | No | Search within study titles and acronyms only. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| phaseFilter | No | Filter by trial phase. Values: EARLY_PHASE1, PHASE1, PHASE2, PHASE3, PHASE4, NA. | |
| outcomeQuery | No | Search within outcome measure fields. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| sponsorQuery | No | Sponsor/collaborator name search. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| statusFilter | No | Filter by study status. Values: RECRUITING, COMPLETED, ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING, NOT_YET_RECRUITING, ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION, SUSPENDED, TERMINATED, WITHDRAWN, UNKNOWN, WITHHELD, NO_LONGER_AVAILABLE, AVAILABLE, APPROVED_FOR_MARKETING, TEMPORARILY_NOT_AVAILABLE. | |
| locationQuery | No | Location search — city, state, country, or facility name. Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| advancedFilter | No | Advanced filter using AREA[FieldName]value syntax. Examples: "AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL", "AREA[EnrollmentCount]RANGE[100, 1000]", "AREA[Phase]PHASE2 AND AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL", "(AREA[Phase]PHASE3 OR AREA[Phase]PHASE4) AND AREA[StudyType]INTERVENTIONAL". AND/OR/NOT join complete AREA[FieldName]value expressions; parentheses group them. Call clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions to find AREA[]-compatible field names. | |
| conditionQuery | No | Condition/disease-specific search. E.g., "Type 2 Diabetes", "non-small cell lung cancer". Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| interventionQuery | No | Intervention/treatment search. E.g., "pembrolizumab", "cognitive behavioral therapy". Plain words plus AND/OR/NOT. `[ ]` are reserved; `( )` group sub-expressions when matched; `,` acts as AND. | |
| includeUnknownEnrollment | No | Include studies whose EnrollmentCount is the upstream "unknown" sentinel (99999999). Excluded by default — the sentinel pollutes RANGE[N, MAX] queries and EnrollmentCount:desc sorts. Set true for data-quality audits or when targeting unknown-enrollment studies specifically. |
Output Schema
| Name | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| notice | No | Recovery guidance when no studies matched — echoes the constraint and suggests how to broaden. Absent on pages with results. |
| studies | Yes | Matching studies. Each entry is a nested ClinicalTrials.gov study record — top-level keys: protocolSection, derivedSection, hasResults, resultsSection, documentSection. Use clinicaltrials_get_field_definitions to explore the schema. |
| totalCount | No | Total matching studies (first page only when countTotal=true). |
| nextPageToken | No | Token for the next page. Absent on last page. |
| searchCriteria | No | Echo of active query/filter criteria applied to this search, including sentinelFilterActive when the default unknown-enrollment exclusion is in effect. Present on every response. |
| requestedFields | No | Echo of the explicit fields parameter — present only when the caller passed fields. Lifts the default truncation cap so all requested leaves render in full. |
Tool Definition Quality
Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?
Annotations already declare readOnly, openWorld, and idempotent. The description adds useful behavioral context, notably the ~70KB record size and the recommendation to use the fields parameter to reduce payload. No contradictions.
Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.
Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?
Three sentences: purpose, capabilities, and a concise tip. Every sentence adds value. No fluff.
Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.
Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?
Given the complexity (18 parameters, no required, output schema present), the description provides a sufficient overview. It highlights the key payload consideration. The schema covers remaining details.
Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.
Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?
Schema coverage is 100% with detailed parameter descriptions. The description adds no significant meaning beyond the schema, just a high-level summary. Baseline applies.
Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.
Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?
The description states the tool searches for clinical trial studies from ClinicalTrials.gov and lists key capabilities. However, it does not explicitly differentiate from sibling tools like clinicaltrials_find_eligible.
Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.
Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?
The description provides no guidance on when to use this tool versus alternatives or when not to use it. No exclusions or context for sibling tools are mentioned.
Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.
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