vps-ops-mcp

A stdio MCP server that operates one VPS over SSH. Cursor and Codex start the process with bun and call read-only tools (host health, Unix debug, Docker, Compose, Swarm, firewall) plus mutation tools (restart, stop, start, prune). Mutations require an explicit confirmation.

Transport is stdio. Do not start the server as a long-lived process by hand: the client (Cursor or Codex) launches it.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md (branches, pull requests, verification) and ISSUE.md (how to file an issue).

Related MCP server: Secure VPS Operations MCP Server

Requirements

• Bun

• Python 3 (used by the registration scripts)

• OpenSSH client (ssh on PATH)

• A readable SSH private key with access to the remote user

• On the remote host: Docker (and passwordless sudo -n for ufw, fail2ban, sshd -T, ss, and dmesg if you use those tools)

Configuration

cp .env.example .env

Edit .env. The file is gitignored.

VPS_COMPOSE_DIR must be absolute and match /^[a-zA-Z0-9/_.-]+$/ (it must start with /).

Installation

bun install

npm package (requires Bun; the MCP Registry points at this artifact):

bunx @koller-nexus/vps-ops-mcp

MCP Registry name: io.github.koller-nexus/vps-ops-mcp. The registry publishes metadata only after the package exists on public npm.

Register with clients

The scripts write MCP config from variables already exported in the shell. They do not load .env themselves. If you skip the export, the scripts fall back to their defaults (host, user, port, and a local key path).

Do this once at the repository root before each script:

set -a
source .env
set +a

Each run backs up the destination file (*.bak.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS) and replaces only the vps-ops server. Other MCP servers stay in place.

Optional script variables:

VPS_COMPOSE_DIR is written into the client config only when it is set and non-empty.

Cursor

Global registration (applies in every workspace):

./scripts/register-cursor-mcp.sh

The script writes ~/.cursor/mcp.json in this shape:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "vps-ops": {
      "command": "bun",
      "args": ["/absolute/path/vps-ops-mcp/src/index.ts"],
      "env": {
        "VPS_HOST": "your.host",
        "VPS_USER": "ubuntu",
        "VPS_PORT": "22",
        "VPS_SSH_KEY_PATH": "/absolute/path/to/key",
        "VPS_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MS": "30000",
        "VPS_LOG_MAX_BYTES": "200000",
        "VPS_ALLOW_MUTATIONS": "true"
      }
    }
  }
}

To scope it to one project, point the script at that project's mcp.json:

CURSOR_MCP_JSON="/absolute/path/to/project/.cursor/mcp.json" ./scripts/register-cursor-mcp.sh

Then reload the Cursor window (Command Palette → Developer: Reload Window) or restart the server under Settings → MCP. The server appears as vps-ops.

Codex

./scripts/register-codex-mcp.sh

The script writes ~/.codex/config.toml:

[mcp_servers.vps-ops]
command = "bun"
args = ["/absolute/path/vps-ops-mcp/src/index.ts"]

[mcp_servers.vps-ops.env]
VPS_HOST = "your.host"
VPS_USER = "ubuntu"
VPS_PORT = "22"
VPS_SSH_KEY_PATH = "/absolute/path/to/key"
VPS_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MS = "30000"
VPS_LOG_MAX_BYTES = "200000"
VPS_ALLOW_MUTATIONS = "true"

Close and reopen the Codex session so it rereads config.toml. If the CLI is on PATH, codex mcp list should show vps-ops.

Verify

Test SSH outside MCP with the same flags the server uses:

ssh -i "$VPS_SSH_KEY_PATH" \
  -o BatchMode=yes \
  -o IdentitiesOnly=yes \
  -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new \
  -p "${VPS_PORT:-22}" \
  "${VPS_USER}@${VPS_HOST}" \
  'uname -a'

In Cursor or Codex, ask the client to call vps_ping. The response is JSON:

{
  "exit_code": 0,
  "stdout": "...",
  "stderr": "",
  "duration_ms": 0,
  "truncated": false
}

A non-zero exit_code is an MCP error. If the process exits immediately with VPS_SSH_KEY_PATH is required or missing or unreadable, the variable never reached the client env — rerun the registration script with .env exported.

Tools

Every call returns exit_code, stdout, stderr, duration_ms, and truncated.

Read-only

Container, service, image, and jail names must match ^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]*$.

Mutation

These require confirm: true. With VPS_ALLOW_MUTATIONS=false, all of them are rejected.

Security

• Remote commands are fixed. There is no free-form shell tool.

• Name and path arguments go through an allowlist and are quoted in the shell.

• SSH uses BatchMode=yes, IdentitiesOnly=yes, and StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new.

• A mutation without confirm: true is rejected. docker_rm asks for the name twice. Volume prune requires confirm_volumes: true.

• For a read-only client, register with VPS_ALLOW_MUTATIONS=false.