Filesystem MCP Server

Empower your AI agents with robust, platform-agnostic file system capabilities, now with STDIO & Streamable HTTP transport options.

This Model Context Protocol (MCP) server provides a secure and reliable interface for AI agents to interact with the local filesystem. It enables reading, writing, updating, and managing files and directories, backed by a production-ready TypeScript foundation featuring comprehensive logging, error handling, security measures, and now supporting both STDIO and HTTP transports.

Table of Contents

• Overview

• Features

• Installation

• Configuration

• Usage with MCP Clients

• Available Tools

• Project Structure

• Development

• License

Related MCP server: MCP Filesystem Server

Overview

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is a standard framework allowing AI models to securely interact with external tools and data sources (resources). This server implements the MCP standard to expose essential filesystem operations as tools, enabling AI agents to:

• Read and analyze file contents.

• Create, modify, or overwrite files.

• Manage directories and file paths.

• Perform targeted updates within files.

Built with TypeScript, the server emphasizes type safety, modularity, and robust error handling, making it suitable for reliable integration into AI workflows. It now supports both STDIO for direct process communication and HTTP for network-based interactions.

Architecture

The server employs a layered architecture for clarity and maintainability:

flowchart TB
    subgraph TransportLayer["Transport Layer"]
        direction LR
        STDIO["STDIO Transport"]
        HTTP["HTTP Transport (Express, JWT Auth)"]
    end

    subgraph APILayer["API Layer"]
        direction LR
        MCP["MCP Protocol Interface"]
        Val["Input Validation (Zod)"]
        PathSan["Path Sanitization"]

        MCP --> Val --> PathSan
    end

    subgraph CoreServices["Core Services"]
        direction LR
        Config["Configuration (Zod-validated Env Vars)"]
        Logger["Logging (Winston, Context-aware)"]
        ErrorH["Error Handling (McpError, ErrorHandler)"]
        ServerLogic["MCP Server Logic"]
        State["Session State (Default Path)"]

        Config --> ServerLogic
        Logger --> ServerLogic & ErrorH
        ErrorH --> ServerLogic
        State --> ServerLogic
    end

    subgraph ToolImpl["Tool Implementation"]
        direction LR
        FSTools["Filesystem Tools"]
        Utils["Core Utilities (Internal, Security, Metrics, Parsing)"]

        FSTools --> ServerLogic
        Utils -- Used by --> FSTools
        Utils -- Used by --> CoreServices
        Utils -- Used by --> APILayer
    end

    TransportLayer --> MCP
    PathSan --> FSTools

    classDef layer fill:#2d3748,stroke:#4299e1,stroke-width:3px,rx:5,color:#fff
    classDef component fill:#1a202c,stroke:#a0aec0,stroke-width:2px,rx:3,color:#fff
    class TransportLayer,APILayer,CoreServices,ToolImpl layer
    class STDIO,HTTP,MCP,Val,PathSan,Config,Logger,ErrorH,ServerLogic,State,FSTools,Utils component

• Transport Layer: Handles communication via STDIO or HTTP (with Express.js and JWT authentication).

• API Layer: Manages MCP communication, validates inputs using Zod, and sanitizes paths.

• Core Services: Oversees configuration (Zod-validated environment variables), context-aware logging, standardized error reporting, session state (like the default working directory), and the main MCP server instance.

• Tool Implementation: Contains the specific logic for each filesystem tool, leveraging a refactored set of shared utilities categorized into internal, security, metrics, and parsing modules.

Features

• Comprehensive File Operations: Tools for reading, writing, listing, deleting, moving, and copying files and directories.

• Targeted Updates: update_file tool allows precise search-and-replace operations within files, supporting plain text and regex.

• Session-Aware Path Management: set_filesystem_default tool establishes a default working directory for resolving relative paths during a session.

• Dual Transport Support:

  • STDIO: For direct, efficient communication when run as a child process.

  • HTTP: For network-based interaction, featuring RESTful endpoints, Server-Sent Events (SSE) for streaming, and JWT-based authentication.

• Security First:

  • Built-in path sanitization prevents directory traversal attacks.

  • JWT authentication for HTTP transport.

  • Input validation with Zod.

• Robust Foundation: Includes production-grade utilities, now reorganized for better modularity:

  • Internal Utilities: Context-aware logging (Winston), standardized error handling (McpError, ErrorHandler), request context management.

  • Security Utilities: Input sanitization, rate limiting, UUID and prefixed ID generation.

  • Metrics Utilities: Token counting.

  • Parsing Utilities: Natural language date parsing, partial JSON parsing.

• Enhanced Configuration: Zod-validated environment variables for type-safe and reliable setup.

• Type Safety: Fully implemented in TypeScript for improved reliability and maintainability.

Installation

Steps

1. Clone the repository:

   git clone https://github.com/cyanheads/filesystem-mcp-server.git
   cd filesystem-mcp-server

2. Install dependencies:

   npm install

3. Build the project:

   npm run build

   This compiles the TypeScript code to JavaScript in the dist/ directory and makes the main script executable. The executable will be located at dist/index.js.

Configuration

Configure the server using environment variables (a .env file is supported):

Core Server Settings:

• MCP_LOG_LEVEL (Optional): Minimum logging level (e.g., debug, info, warn, error). Defaults to debug.

• LOGS_DIR (Optional): Directory for log files. Defaults to ./logs in the project root.

• NODE_ENV (Optional): Runtime environment (e.g., development, production). Defaults to development.

Transport Settings:

• MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE (Optional): Communication transport (stdio or http). Defaults to stdio.

  • If http is selected:

    • MCP_HTTP_PORT (Optional): Port for the HTTP server. Defaults to 3010.

    • MCP_HTTP_HOST (Optional): Host for the HTTP server. Defaults to 127.0.0.1.

    • MCP_ALLOWED_ORIGINS (Optional): Comma-separated list of allowed CORS origins (e.g., http://localhost:3000,https://example.com).

    • MCP_AUTH_SECRET_KEY (Required for HTTP Auth): A secure secret key (at least 32 characters long) for JWT authentication. CRITICAL for production.

Filesystem Security:

• FS_BASE_DIRECTORY (Optional): Defines the root directory for all filesystem operations. This can be an absolute path or a path relative to the project root (e.g., ./data_sandbox). If set, the server's tools will be restricted to accessing files and directories only within this specified (and resolved absolute) path and its subdirectories. This is a crucial security feature to prevent unintended access to other parts of the filesystem. If not set (which is not recommended for production environments), a warning will be logged, and operations will not be restricted.

LLM & API Integration (Optional):

• OPENROUTER_APP_URL: Your application's URL for OpenRouter.

• OPENROUTER_APP_NAME: Your application's name for OpenRouter. Defaults to MCP_SERVER_NAME.

• OPENROUTER_API_KEY: API key for OpenRouter services.

• LLM_DEFAULT_MODEL: Default LLM model to use (e.g., google/gemini-2.5-flash-preview-05-20).

• LLM_DEFAULT_TEMPERATURE, LLM_DEFAULT_TOP_P, LLM_DEFAULT_MAX_TOKENS, LLM_DEFAULT_TOP_K, LLM_DEFAULT_MIN_P: Default parameters for LLM calls.

• GEMINI_API_KEY: API key for Google Gemini services.

OAuth Proxy Integration (Optional, for advanced scenarios):

• OAUTH_PROXY_AUTHORIZATION_URL, OAUTH_PROXY_TOKEN_URL, OAUTH_PROXY_REVOCATION_URL, OAUTH_PROXY_ISSUER_URL, OAUTH_PROXY_SERVICE_DOCUMENTATION_URL, OAUTH_PROXY_DEFAULT_CLIENT_REDIRECT_URIS: Configuration for an OAuth proxy.

Refer to src/config/index.ts and the .clinerules file for the complete list and Zod schema definitions.

Usage with MCP Clients

To allow an MCP client (like an AI assistant) to use this server:

1. Run the Server: Start the server from your terminal:

   node dist/index.js
   # Or if you are in the project root:
   # npm start

2. Configure the Client: Add the server to your MCP client's configuration. The exact method depends on the client.

   For STDIO Transport (Default): Typically involves specifying:

   • Command: node

   • Arguments: The absolute path to the built server executable (e.g., /path/to/filesystem-mcp-server/dist/index.js).

   • Environment Variables (Optional): Set any required environment variables from the Configuration section.

   Example MCP Settings for STDIO (Conceptual):

   {
     "mcpServers": {
       "filesystem_stdio": {
         "command": "node",
         "args": ["/path/to/filesystem-mcp-server/dist/index.js"],
         "env": {
           "MCP_LOG_LEVEL": "debug"
           // Other relevant env vars
         },
         "disabled": false,
         "autoApprove": []
       }
     }
   }

   For HTTP Transport: The client will need to know the server's URL (e.g., http://localhost:3010) and how to authenticate (e.g., providing a JWT Bearer token if MCP_AUTH_SECRET_KEY is set). Refer to your MCP client's documentation for HTTP server configuration.

Once configured and running, the client will detect the server and its available tools.

Available Tools

The server exposes the following tools for filesystem interaction:

Refer to the tool registration files (src/mcp-server/tools/*/registration.ts) for detailed input/output schemas (Zod/JSON Schema).

Project Structure

The codebase is organized for clarity and maintainability:

filesystem-mcp-server/
├── dist/                 # Compiled JavaScript output (after npm run build)
├── logs/                 # Log files (created at runtime)
├── node_modules/         # Project dependencies
├── src/                  # TypeScript source code
│   ├── config/           # Configuration loading (index.ts)
│   ├── mcp-server/       # Core MCP server logic
│   │   ├── server.ts     # Server initialization, tool registration, transport handling
│   │   ├── state.ts      # Session state management (e.g., default path)
│   │   ├── tools/        # Individual tool implementations (one subdir per tool)
│   │   │   ├── readFile/
│   │   │   │   ├── index.ts
│   │   │   │   ├── readFileLogic.ts
│   │   │   │   └── registration.ts
│   │   │   └── ...       # Other tools (writeFile, updateFile, etc.)
│   │   └── transports/   # Communication transport implementations
│   │       ├── authentication/ # Auth middleware for HTTP
│   │       │   └── authMiddleware.ts
│   │       ├── httpTransport.ts
│   │       └── stdioTransport.ts
│   ├── types-global/     # Shared TypeScript types and interfaces
│   │   ├── errors.ts     # Custom error classes and codes (McpError, BaseErrorCode)
│   │   ├── mcp.ts        # MCP related types
│   │   └── tool.ts       # Tool definition types
│   ├── utils/            # Reusable utility modules, categorized
│   │   ├── internal/     # Core internal utilities (errorHandler, logger, requestContext)
│   │   ├── metrics/      # Metrics-related utilities (tokenCounter)
│   │   ├── parsing/      # Parsing utilities (dateParser, jsonParser)
│   │   ├── security/     # Security-related utilities (idGenerator, rateLimiter, sanitization)
│   │   └── index.ts      # Barrel export for all utilities
│   └── index.ts          # Main application entry point
├── .clinerules           # Cheatsheet for LLM assistants
├── .dockerignore
├── Dockerfile
├── LICENSE
├── mcp.json              # MCP server manifest (generated by SDK or manually)
├── package.json
├── package-lock.json
├── README.md             # This file
├── repomix.config.json
├── smithery.yaml         # Smithery configuration (if used)
└── tsconfig.json         # TypeScript compiler options

For a live, detailed view of the current structure, run: npm run tree (This script might need to be updated if src/scripts/tree.ts was part of the changes).

Developer Note: This repository includes a .clinerules file. This cheat sheet provides your LLM coding assistant with essential context about codebase patterns, file locations, and usage examples. Keep it updated as the server evolves!

License

This project is licensed under the Apache License 2.0. See the LICENSE file for details.