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Counties by Weeks in Drought

drought.county.weeks
Read-onlyIdempotent

Find US counties that experienced at least N weeks of drought at or above a specified drought severity level during a given time period, using data from the USDA/NOAA US Drought Monitor. Filter by state (or all states), drought level (D0–D4), minimum weeks threshold, and whether to count consecutive or total (non-consecutive) weeks. Returns a list of matching counties with their FIPS codes, state, and week counts. Useful for identifying persistent drought-affected regions, prioritizing disaster relief, analyzing multi-year drought patterns, and supporting agricultural or water resource planning.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
stateNoTwo-letter US state abbreviation to filter results to one state (e.g. "NE", "TX", "CA"). Leave empty to return counties from all states.
end_dateYesEnd date for the analysis period in YYYY-MM-DD format (e.g. "2023-01-01"). Maximum range is 1 year from start_date.
min_weeksYesMinimum number of weeks that a county must have been at or above the drought_level threshold to be included in results (e.g. 4 for counties with at least 4 weeks of drought).
start_dateYesStart date for the analysis period in YYYY-MM-DD format (e.g. "2022-01-01"). Maximum range is 1 year from start_date.
consecutiveNoIf true, counts only consecutive weeks in drought; if false or omitted (default), counts all weeks (consecutive + non-consecutive) spent at or above the threshold.
drought_levelYesMinimum drought severity level to count: 0=D0 Abnormally Dry, 1=D1 Moderate Drought, 2=D2 Severe Drought, 3=D3 Extreme Drought, 4=D4 Exceptional Drought.

Output Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
errorNoPresent only when the call failed. Includes error code, message, request_id, and any provider-specific extras.
resultNoTool response payload. Shape varies per tool — consult the tool description and inputSchema. May be an object, array, string, or number depending on the upstream provider response.

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

  1. Added
  2. Removed
  3. First observed

TDQS

A4.1/5.0
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations already declare readOnlyHint=true, openWorldHint=true, idempotentHint=true, and destructiveHint=false, so the safety profile is fully covered. The description adds behavioral context by specifying the data source, the counting modes (consecutive vs. total weeks), and the return content (FIPS codes, state, week counts). It does not mention rate limits or pagination, but the annotations cover the main behavioral concerns.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is a single, information-dense paragraph that front-loads the core function and data source, then lists filters and use cases. It is slightly longer than necessary—the use-case list could be trimmed—but every sentence adds value and there is no redundancy.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

The description covers the tool's purpose, filters, data source, and return fields, and the output schema exists to document return values. It does not mention the 1-year maximum range constraint (which is in the schema) or any pagination/limit behavior, but for a read-only query tool with a rich schema and annotations, the description is sufficiently complete.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema description coverage is 100%, so the schema already documents all six parameters thoroughly. The description adds a high-level summary of the filters (state, drought level, minimum weeks threshold, consecutive vs. total) but does not add new details beyond the schema. Baseline 3 is appropriate because the schema carries the parameter documentation burden.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description uses a specific verb ('Find') with a clear resource ('US counties that experienced at least N weeks of drought at or above a specified drought severity level during a given time period'), names the data source (USDA/NOAA US Drought Monitor), and lists the key filters. It distinguishes itself from sibling drought tools like drought.county.stats and drought.national.stats by focusing on county-level week counts with threshold and time-period filters.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description states the tool is 'Useful for identifying persistent drought-affected regions, prioritizing disaster relief, analyzing multi-year drought patterns, and supporting agricultural or water resource planning,' which gives clear context for when to use it. It does not explicitly name alternative tools or state when not to use it, but the use cases and the filter options make the intended usage clear.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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