launches

Get Past Launches

get_past_launches

Read-onlyIdempotent

Fetch rocket launches that have already flown, sorted newest-first, from Launch Library 2. launches holds only those with a confirmed outcome — successful, failed or partial failure — so counting them answers "how many launches happened". A launch whose scheduled time has passed but whose outcome upstream has not yet confirmed is reported separately in unconfirmed with its current status, rather than being counted as flown. Use since and until to bound a window (ISO dates). Returns launch name, time, status, pad, rocket type, and mission description. Default 10 results.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema

Name	Required	Description
`limit`	No	Number of launches to return (default 10)
`since`	No	Optional. Only launches at or after this time (ISO 8601, e.g. "2026-08-01" or "2026-08-01T00:00:00Z"). Use with `until` to count launches in a window.
`until`	No	Optional. Only launches before this time (ISO 8601). Defaults to now, since this tool covers launches that have already happened.

Output Schema

TableJSON Schema

Name	Required	Description	Default
`total`	Yes	Total count of past launches available
`launches`	Yes	List of past launches

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

Changed3 schema fields changedAug 6, 2026

changedInput schema / examples

Previous value: -[
-  {
-    "limit": 10
-  },
-  {
-    "limit": 20
-  }
-]New value: +[
+  {
+    "limit": 10
+  },
+  {
+    "limit": 20
+  },
+  {
+    "limit": 50,
+    "since": "2026-07-30"
+  }
+]

addedInput schema / properties / since

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Optional. Only launches at or after this time (ISO 8601, e.g. \"2026-08-01\" or \"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z\"). Use with `until` to count launches in a window.",
+  "type": "string"
+}

addedInput schema / properties / until

Added value: +{
+  "description": "Optional. Only launches before this time (ISO 8601). Defaults to now, since this tool covers launches that have already happened.",
+  "type": "string"
+}

Changed2 schema fields changedMay 24, 2026

addedInput schema / examples

Added value: +[
+  {
+    "limit": 10
+  },
+  {
+    "limit": 20
+  }
+]

changedOutput schema / (root)

Previous value: -nullNew value: +{
+  "properties": {
+    "launches": {
+      "description": "List of past launches",
+      "items": {
+        "properties": {
+          "id": {
+            "description": "Launch Library 2 launch UUID",
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "location": {
+            "description": "Launch location/facility name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "location_country": {
+            "description": "Launch location country code",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "mission_description": {
+            "description": "Mission objectives and details",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "mission_name": {
+            "description": "Mission name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "mission_type": {
+            "description": "Mission type classification",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "name": {
+            "description": "Launch name",
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "net": {
+            "description": "Actual launch date/time (ISO 8601)",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "pad_name": {
+            "description": "Launch pad name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "rocket_name": {
+            "description": "Rocket full name or configuration name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "status": {
+            "description": "Launch status name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "status_description": {
+            "description": "Detailed status description",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "required": [
+          "id",
+          "name"
+        ],
+        "type": "object"
+      },
+      "type": "array"
+    },
+    "total": {
+      "description": "Total count of past launches available",
+      "type": "number"
+    }
+  },
+  "required": [
+    "total",
+    "launches"
+  ],
+  "type": "object"
+}

Changed2 schema fields changedMay 13, 2026

removedInput schema / examples

Removed value: -[
-  {
-    "limit": 10
-  },
-  {
-    "limit": 20
-  }
-]

changedOutput schema / (root)

Previous value: -{
-  "properties": {
-    "launches": {
-      "description": "List of past launches",
-      "items": {
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "description": "Launch Library 2 launch UUID",
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "location": {
-            "description": "Launch location/facility name",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "location_country": {
-            "description": "Launch location country code",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "mission_description": {
-            "description": "Mission objectives and details",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "mission_name": {
-            "description": "Mission name",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "mission_type": {
-            "description": "Mission type classification",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "name": {
-            "description": "Launch name",
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "net": {
-            "description": "Actual launch date/time (ISO 8601)",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "pad_name": {
-            "description": "Launch pad name",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "rocket_name": {
-            "description": "Rocket full name or configuration name",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "status": {
-            "description": "Launch status name",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          },
-          "status_description": {
-            "description": "Detailed status description",
-            "type": [
-              "string",
-              "null"
-            ]
-          }
-        },
-        "required": [
-          "id",
-          "name"
-        ],
-        "type": "object"
-      },
-      "type": "array"
-    },
-    "total": {
-      "description": "Total count of past launches available",
-      "type": "number"
-    }
-  },
-  "required": [
-    "total",
-    "launches"
-  ],
-  "type": "object"
-}New value: +null

Changed1 schema field changedMay 8, 2026

changedOutput schema / (root)

Previous value: -nullNew value: +{
+  "properties": {
+    "launches": {
+      "description": "List of past launches",
+      "items": {
+        "properties": {
+          "id": {
+            "description": "Launch Library 2 launch UUID",
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "location": {
+            "description": "Launch location/facility name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "location_country": {
+            "description": "Launch location country code",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "mission_description": {
+            "description": "Mission objectives and details",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "mission_name": {
+            "description": "Mission name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "mission_type": {
+            "description": "Mission type classification",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "name": {
+            "description": "Launch name",
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "net": {
+            "description": "Actual launch date/time (ISO 8601)",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "pad_name": {
+            "description": "Launch pad name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "rocket_name": {
+            "description": "Rocket full name or configuration name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "status": {
+            "description": "Launch status name",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          },
+          "status_description": {
+            "description": "Detailed status description",
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "required": [
+          "id",
+          "name"
+        ],
+        "type": "object"
+      },
+      "type": "array"
+    },
+    "total": {
+      "description": "Total count of past launches available",
+      "type": "number"
+    }
+  },
+  "required": [
+    "total",
+    "launches"
+  ],
+  "type": "object"
+}

Changed1 schema field changedMay 6, 2026

addedInput schema / examples

Added value: +[
+  {
+    "limit": 10
+  },
+  {
+    "limit": 20
+  }
+]

First observedApr 14, 2026

TDQS

A4.5/5.0

Behavior5/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Beyond the annotations (readOnlyHint, idempotentHint, etc.), the description adds meaningful behavioral details: the data source (Launch Library 2), sorting order, confirmed-outcome filtering, separate `unconfirmed` reporting, and the fact that `until` defaults to now. This significantly aids the agent in understanding tool behavior.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is front-loaded with the core purpose and each sentence adds value: clarifies confirmed/unconfirmed semantics, windowing, return fields, and default limit. It is detailed but not verbose.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness5/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

The description fully covers the tool's nuanced behavior (confirmed versus unconfirmed launches), which is essential for correct use. It also mentions return fields even though an output schema exists, providing a complete picture for the agent.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The input schema already provides 100% parameter coverage with detailed descriptions and examples. The description adds a brief reminder about using `since`/`until` for a window and the default limit, but this largely restates schema information without introducing new semantics.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool's function: 'Fetch rocket launches that have already flown, sorted newest-first, from Launch Library 2.' This is a specific verb+resource+scope that distinguishes it from sibling tools like get_upcoming_launches and search_launches.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description provides clear context on when to use the tool: for counting or listing launches with confirmed outcomes, and explains the distinction between `launches` and `unconfirmed`. It also explains how to use `since`/`until` for windowed queries, though it doesn't explicitly mention alternatives like get_upcoming_launches or search_launches.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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Get Past Launches

Input Schema

Output Schema

Schema Changelog

TDQS

Glama MCP Gateway

Resources