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Openmeteo Get Climate

openmeteo_get_climate
Read-onlyIdempotent

Long-range climate projections from bias-corrected daily CMIP6 models, covering 1950-01-01 to 2050-12-31 at any coordinate. Answers "what will conditions look like through 2050?" — the future-projection counterpart to openmeteo_get_historical (the observed archive, what happened). Daily resolution only. Available models: CMCC_CM2_VHR4, FGOALS_f3_H, HiRAM_SIT_HR, MRI_AGCM3_2_S, EC_Earth3P_HR, MPI_ESM1_2_XR, NICAM16_8S. A model name outside that list is sent upstream rather than rejected here, so a model Open-Meteo adds later still works; if upstream rejects the request, the error names the offending model on its own rather than the whole requested list. With 2+ models each variable appears once per model with the model name as suffix (e.g. temperature_2m_max_CMCC_CM2_VHR4); a single or omitted model returns plain variable names. Not all models carry all variables — missing combinations return null. Multi-decade daily pulls across several models produce thousands of records and spill to a DataCanvas when canvas is enabled, returning canvas_id and table_name with truncated: true — inspect the staged columns with openmeteo_dataframe_describe, then query the full set with openmeteo_dataframe_query. With canvas disabled they return a bounded preview instead.

Input Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
modelsNoCMIP6 models to include: CMCC_CM2_VHR4, FGOALS_f3_H, HiRAM_SIT_HR, MRI_AGCM3_2_S, EC_Earth3P_HR, MPI_ESM1_2_XR, NICAM16_8S. With 2+ models each variable column is suffixed with the model name (e.g. temperature_2m_max_MRI_AGCM3_2_S). Omit to use the API default (a single model, unsuffixed columns). A name outside this list is sent upstream rather than rejected here.
end_dateYesEnd date (YYYY-MM-DD, inclusive, max 2050-12-31). Must be on or after start_date.
latitudeYesLatitude in decimal degrees. Use openmeteo_search_locations to resolve a place name to coordinates.
timezoneNoIANA timezone or "auto". Default "auto".auto
canvas_idNoDataCanvas token for multi-decade or multi-model queries. When a result is too large to return inline — driven by total payload size, so a wide multi-model pull can spill at any row count — it spills to this canvas: pass the returned token to openmeteo_dataframe_describe to list the staged table and its per-model columns, then to openmeteo_dataframe_query to run SQL against it. Omit to create a fresh canvas.
longitudeYesLongitude in decimal degrees.
start_dateYesStart date (YYYY-MM-DD, e.g., "2049-01-01"). CMIP6 projections cover 1950-01-01 to 2050-12-31.
daily_variablesNoDaily climate variables to fetch (e.g., ["temperature_2m_max", "temperature_2m_min", "precipitation_sum", "wind_speed_10m_mean", "shortwave_radiation_sum"]). Required — the Climate API is daily-only.
wind_speed_unitNoWind speed unit. Default "kmh".kmh
temperature_unitNoTemperature unit. Default "celsius".celsius
precipitation_unitNoPrecipitation unit. Default "mm".mm

Output Schema

TableJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
dailyNoPer-day records with "time" (YYYY-MM-DD) + one key per requested variable — per-model suffixed keys when 2+ models were requested (e.g. temperature_2m_max_CMCC_CM2_VHR4). Null values mean the model does not carry that variable. When truncated, contains only a preview — query canvas_id for the full dataset when one is present.
errorNoPresent when the call failed. Absent on success.
modelsNoClimate models requested — echoes the models parameter. Absent when models was omitted (API default model; the response carries no provenance).
noticeNoEverything this response needs to say beyond the data, composed into one advisory: columns the endpoint returned with the unit "undefined" (a name it parsed but does not serve); recognized variables a selected model carries no values for, with the dates that do carry values; and, when the result spilled, either the canvas and table holding the full row set plus the two dataframe tools that read it, or — with DataCanvas disabled — why there is no canvas_id and how to reach the rows the preview omits.
latitudeNoSnapped latitude (Open-Meteo snaps to nearest grid point)
timezoneNoResolved IANA timezone
canvas_idNoDataCanvas token for the staged full dataset. Present only when truncated is true AND DataCanvas is enabled (CANVAS_PROVIDER_TYPE=duckdb) — absent otherwise, in which case the preview is all this response carries. Pass to openmeteo_dataframe_describe to list the staged table and its per-model columns, then to openmeteo_dataframe_query to run SQL against it.
elevationNoElevation at grid point (meters)
longitudeNoSnapped longitude
truncatedNoTrue when the response was too large to return inline, so daily carries a bounded preview rather than the full set. With DataCanvas enabled the complete data is staged at canvas_id. With it disabled there is no canvas_id, and the omitted rows are reached only by narrowing the request.
date_rangeNoDate range of returned data
table_nameNoDuckDB table name for the staged data — use as the FROM target in openmeteo_dataframe_query SQL; openmeteo_dataframe_describe lists its columns, which is the only way to learn the per-model suffixes this request produced. Present only alongside canvas_id.
daily_unitsNoColumn → unit string for daily data (e.g., {"temperature_2m_max_CMCC_CM2_VHR4": "°C"}).
record_countNoTotal number of daily records — the full upstream total when truncated is true, not the length of the daily preview.

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

  1. Changed2 schema fields changed
    • addedInput schema / properties / canvas_id / pattern
      Added value: +"^[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10}$"
    • changedOutput schema / properties / error / properties / data / properties / reason / description
      Previous value: -"Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31 `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested `invalid_timezone`: timezone was blank, or upstream did not recognize the requested time zone `request_too_large`: Open-Meteo refused the request as asking for too much data in one call Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler."New value: +"Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31. `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date. `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty. `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested. `invalid_timezone`: timezone was blank, or upstream did not recognize the requested time zone. `request_too_large`: Open-Meteo refused the request as asking for too much data in one call. Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler."
  2. Changed3 schema fields changed
    • changedOutput schema / properties / error / properties / data / properties / reason / description
      Previous value: -"Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31 `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested `invalid_timezone`: timezone was blank, or upstream did not recognize the requested time zone Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler."New value: +"Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31 `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested `invalid_timezone`: timezone was blank, or upstream did not recognize the requested time zone `request_too_large`: Open-Meteo refused the request as asking for too much data in one call Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / error / properties / data / properties / reason / examples
      Previous value: -[
      -  "date_out_of_range",
      -  "date_order_invalid",
      -  "no_variables_requested",
      -  "invalid_variable",
      -  "invalid_timezone"
      -]New value: +[
      +  "date_out_of_range",
      +  "date_order_invalid",
      +  "no_variables_requested",
      +  "invalid_variable",
      +  "invalid_timezone",
      +  "request_too_large"
      +]
    • changedOutput schema / properties / notice / description
      Previous value: -"Everything this response needs to say beyond the data, composed into one advisory: columns the endpoint returned with the unit \"undefined\" (a name it parsed but does not serve); recognized variables a selected model carries no values for, with the dates that do carry values; and, when the result spilled, the canvas and table holding the full row set plus the two dataframe tools that read it."New value: +"Everything this response needs to say beyond the data, composed into one advisory: columns the endpoint returned with the unit \"undefined\" (a name it parsed but does not serve); recognized variables a selected model carries no values for, with the dates that do carry values; and, when the result spilled, either the canvas and table holding the full row set plus the two dataframe tools that read it, or — with DataCanvas disabled — why there is no canvas_id and how to reach the rows the preview omits."
  3. Changed4 schema fields changed
    • changedInput schema / properties / canvas_id / description
      Previous value: -"DataCanvas token for multi-decade or multi-model queries. When a result is too large to return inline — driven by total payload size, so a wide multi-model pull can spill at any row count — it spills to this canvas for SQL querying. Omit to create a fresh canvas."New value: +"DataCanvas token for multi-decade or multi-model queries. When a result is too large to return inline — driven by total payload size, so a wide multi-model pull can spill at any row count — it spills to this canvas: pass the returned token to openmeteo_dataframe_describe to list the staged table and its per-model columns, then to openmeteo_dataframe_query to run SQL against it. Omit to create a fresh canvas."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / canvas_id / description
      Previous value: -"DataCanvas token for the staged full dataset. Present only when truncated is true AND DataCanvas is enabled (CANVAS_PROVIDER_TYPE=duckdb) — absent otherwise, in which case the preview is all this response carries. Query with SQL using this token."New value: +"DataCanvas token for the staged full dataset. Present only when truncated is true AND DataCanvas is enabled (CANVAS_PROVIDER_TYPE=duckdb) — absent otherwise, in which case the preview is all this response carries. Pass to openmeteo_dataframe_describe to list the staged table and its per-model columns, then to openmeteo_dataframe_query to run SQL against it."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / notice / description
      Previous value: -"Warning that a requested variable came back with no data — names each column whose unit is \"undefined\", which is how the endpoint reports a name it parsed but does not serve."New value: +"Everything this response needs to say beyond the data, composed into one advisory: columns the endpoint returned with the unit \"undefined\" (a name it parsed but does not serve); recognized variables a selected model carries no values for, with the dates that do carry values; and, when the result spilled, the canvas and table holding the full row set plus the two dataframe tools that read it."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / table_name / description
      Previous value: -"DuckDB table name for the staged data — pass to openmeteo_dataframe_query. Present only alongside canvas_id."New value: +"DuckDB table name for the staged data — use as the FROM target in openmeteo_dataframe_query SQL; openmeteo_dataframe_describe lists its columns, which is the only way to learn the per-model suffixes this request produced. Present only alongside canvas_id."
  4. Changed2 schema fields changed
    • changedOutput schema / properties / error / properties / data / properties / reason / description
      Previous value: -"Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31 `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler."New value: +"Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31 `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested `invalid_timezone`: timezone was blank, or upstream did not recognize the requested time zone Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / error / properties / data / properties / reason / examples
      Previous value: -[
      -  "date_out_of_range",
      -  "date_order_invalid",
      -  "no_variables_requested",
      -  "invalid_variable"
      -]New value: +[
      +  "date_out_of_range",
      +  "date_order_invalid",
      +  "no_variables_requested",
      +  "invalid_variable",
      +  "invalid_timezone"
      +]
  5. Changed6 schema fields changed
    • changedInput schema / $schema
      Previous value: -"http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"New value: +"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema"
    • addedInput schema / additionalProperties
      Added value: +false
    • changedOutput schema / $schema
      Previous value: -"http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#"New value: +"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema"
    • addedOutput schema / anyOf
      Added value: +[
      +  {
      +    "not": {
      +      "required": [
      +        "error"
      +      ]
      +    },
      +    "required": [
      +      "latitude",
      +      "longitude",
      +      "elevation",
      +      "timezone",
      +      "date_range",
      +      "record_count",
      +      "daily",
      +      "truncated"
      +    ]
      +  },
      +  {
      +    "required": [
      +      "error"
      +    ]
      +  }
      +]
    • addedOutput schema / properties / error
      Added value: +{
      +  "additionalProperties": {},
      +  "description": "Present when the call failed. Absent on success.",
      +  "properties": {
      +    "code": {
      +      "description": "JSON-RPC error code for this failure.",
      +      "maximum": 9007199254740991,
      +      "minimum": -9007199254740991,
      +      "type": "integer"
      +    },
      +    "data": {
      +      "additionalProperties": {},
      +      "properties": {
      +        "reason": {
      +          "description": "Machine-readable failure mode. Declared by this tool: `date_out_of_range`: start_date predates 1950-01-01 or end_date is after 2050-12-31 `date_order_invalid`: end_date is before start_date `no_variables_requested`: daily_variables was not provided or is empty `invalid_variable`: An unknown variable name or unsupported climate model was requested Other values are possible when a failure originates below the handler.",
      +          "examples": [
      +            "date_out_of_range",
      +            "date_order_invalid",
      +            "no_variables_requested",
      +            "invalid_variable"
      +          ],
      +          "type": "string"
      +        },
      +        "recovery": {
      +          "additionalProperties": {},
      +          "description": "Actionable next step for the caller.",
      +          "properties": {
      +            "hint": {
      +              "type": "string"
      +            }
      +          },
      +          "required": [
      +            "hint"
      +          ],
      +          "type": "object"
      +        },
      +        "retryable": {
      +          "description": "Whether retrying may succeed.",
      +          "type": "boolean"
      +        }
      +      },
      +      "type": "object"
      +    },
      +    "message": {
      +      "description": "Human-readable description of what went wrong.",
      +      "type": "string"
      +    }
      +  },
      +  "required": [
      +    "code",
      +    "message"
      +  ],
      +  "type": "object"
      +}
    • removedOutput schema / required
      Removed value: -[
      -  "latitude",
      -  "longitude",
      -  "elevation",
      -  "timezone",
      -  "date_range",
      -  "record_count",
      -  "daily",
      -  "truncated"
      -]
  6. Changed1 schema field changed
    • changedInput schema / properties / models / description
      Previous value: -"CMIP6 models to include: \"CMCC_CM2_VHR4\", \"FGOALS_f3_H\", \"HiRAM_SIT_HR\", \"MRI_AGCM3_2_S\", \"EC_Earth3P_HR\", \"MPI_ESM1_2_XR\", \"NICAM16_8S\". With 2+ models each variable column is suffixed with the model name (e.g. temperature_2m_max_MRI_AGCM3_2_S). Omit to use the API default (a single model, unsuffixed columns)."New value: +"CMIP6 models to include: CMCC_CM2_VHR4, FGOALS_f3_H, HiRAM_SIT_HR, MRI_AGCM3_2_S, EC_Earth3P_HR, MPI_ESM1_2_XR, NICAM16_8S. With 2+ models each variable column is suffixed with the model name (e.g. temperature_2m_max_MRI_AGCM3_2_S). Omit to use the API default (a single model, unsuffixed columns). A name outside this list is sent upstream rather than rejected here."
  7. Changed1 schema field changed
    • addedOutput schema / properties / notice
      Added value: +{
      +  "description": "Warning that a requested variable came back with no data — names each column whose unit is \"undefined\", which is how the endpoint reports a name it parsed but does not serve.",
      +  "type": "string"
      +}
  8. Changed6 schema fields changed
    • changedInput schema / properties / latitude / description
      Previous value: -"Latitude in decimal degrees. Use openmeteo_geocode to resolve a place name to coordinates."New value: +"Latitude in decimal degrees. Use openmeteo_search_locations to resolve a place name to coordinates."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / canvas_id / description
      Previous value: -"DataCanvas token — present only when truncated is true (data spilled). Query with SQL using this token."New value: +"DataCanvas token for the staged full dataset. Present only when truncated is true AND DataCanvas is enabled (CANVAS_PROVIDER_TYPE=duckdb) — absent otherwise, in which case the preview is all this response carries. Query with SQL using this token."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / daily / description
      Previous value: -"Per-day records with \"time\" (YYYY-MM-DD) + one key per requested variable — per-model suffixed keys when 2+ models were requested (e.g. temperature_2m_max_CMCC_CM2_VHR4). Null values mean the model does not carry that variable. When truncated, contains only a preview; query canvas_id for the full dataset."New value: +"Per-day records with \"time\" (YYYY-MM-DD) + one key per requested variable — per-model suffixed keys when 2+ models were requested (e.g. temperature_2m_max_CMCC_CM2_VHR4). Null values mean the model does not carry that variable. When truncated, contains only a preview — query canvas_id for the full dataset when one is present."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / record_count / description
      Previous value: -"Total number of daily records in this response"New value: +"Total number of daily records — the full upstream total when truncated is true, not the length of the daily preview."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / table_name / description
      Previous value: -"DuckDB table name for the staged data — pass to openmeteo_dataframe_query. Present only when truncated is true."New value: +"DuckDB table name for the staged data — pass to openmeteo_dataframe_query. Present only alongside canvas_id."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / truncated / description
      Previous value: -"True when the response was too large to return inline and data spilled to canvas_id. Query the canvas for the full dataset."New value: +"True when the response was too large to return inline, so daily carries a bounded preview rather than the full set. With DataCanvas enabled the complete data is staged at canvas_id. With it disabled there is no canvas_id, and the omitted rows are reached only by narrowing the request."
  9. Changed2 schema fields changed
    • changedInput schema / properties / canvas_id / description
      Previous value: -"DataCanvas token for multi-decade or multi-model queries. When a query exceeds ~500 records, results spill to this canvas for SQL querying. Omit to create a fresh canvas."New value: +"DataCanvas token for multi-decade or multi-model queries. When a result is too large to return inline — driven by total payload size, so a wide multi-model pull can spill at any row count — it spills to this canvas for SQL querying. Omit to create a fresh canvas."
    • changedOutput schema / properties / truncated / description
      Previous value: -"True when the response exceeded inline record limit and data spilled to canvas_id. Query the canvas for the full dataset."New value: +"True when the response was too large to return inline and data spilled to canvas_id. Query the canvas for the full dataset."
  10. Changed3 schema fields changed
    • removedInput schema / properties / daily_variables / minItems
      Removed value: -1
    • changedInput schema / required
      Previous value: -[
      -  "latitude",
      -  "longitude",
      -  "start_date",
      -  "end_date",
      -  "daily_variables"
      -]New value: +[
      +  "latitude",
      +  "longitude",
      +  "start_date",
      +  "end_date"
      +]
    • addedOutput schema / properties / table_name
      Added value: +{
      +  "description": "DuckDB table name for the staged data — pass to openmeteo_dataframe_query. Present only when truncated is true.",
      +  "type": "string"
      +}
  11. Added

TDQS

A5/5.0
Behavior5/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations only state readOnlyHint and idempotentHint, but the description goes far beyond: unknown model names are passed upstream rather than rejected, per-model variable suffixes, nulls for missing combinations, DataCanvas spill behavior with truncated: true, and bounded preview when canvas is disabled. This is rich behavioral context that fully compensates for what annotations do not cover.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is long, but every sentence earns its place. It is front-loaded with the core purpose, then progressively covers models, variable naming, edge cases, and spill behavior. No filler or repetition of schema information is present.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness5/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given 11 parameters, an output schema, and sibling tools, the description is complete: it covers the temporal range, resolution, model list, naming conventions, null behavior, error handling, and the spill-to-DataCanvas pathway. Nothing an agent needs to invoke the tool correctly is missing.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters5/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The schema already covers all parameters, but the description adds meaningful semantics: it explains what happens with 2+ models versus a single model, clarifies that daily_variables is required because the Climate API is daily-only, and details the canvas_id spill workflow. This goes well beyond the baseline for high schema coverage.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description opens with a specific verb and resource – 'Long-range climate projections from bias-corrected daily CMIP6 models' – and immediately distinguishes itself from openmeteo_get_historical ('future-projection counterpart'). It also states the date coverage and resolution, so an agent can clearly identify what this tool does and how it differs from siblings.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines5/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

It explicitly tells the agent when to use this tool: to answer 'what will conditions look like through 2050?', and contrasts it with openmeteo_get_historical for observed events. It further provides a follow-up workflow for large results (openmeteo_dataframe_describe and openmeteo_dataframe_query), giving clear operational context beyond mere selection.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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