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Gov Justia Case Law

gov_justia_case_law
Read-only

US court opinions (federal and state case law) by keyword: case name, court and citation string, docket number, date filed and argued, citations (official, neutral), how many later opinions cite it, publication status, judges, a text snippet and the opinion URL; plus the number of matches. Filter by court (e.g. scotus, ca9, cal, ny) and filing-date range; sort by relevance, newest, oldest or most cited. Use the returned next cursor for more. Price: $0.002 in USDC per successful call, paid with x402 (Base, Solana or Arc); failed calls are not charged.

Input Schema

NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
qYesSearch words; quotes for phrases, e.g. "qualified immunity" (required)
courtNoOptional CourtListener court IDs, space-separated, e.g. scotus, ca9, cal
orderNorelevance (default), newest, oldest or cited
cursorNoCursor from a previous answer's next field
filedAfterNoOptional earliest filing date YYYY-MM-DD
filedBeforeNoOptional latest filing date YYYY-MM-DD

Output Schema

NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
qNo
nextNo
casesNo
countNo
courtNo
orderNo
totalNo
sourceNo
checkedAtNo

Schema Changelog

Changes observed during successful MCP inspections.

  1. First observed

TDQS

A3.7/5.0
Behavior4/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

Annotations already cover the read-only/open-world profile, and the description adds substantive context beyond them: per-call cost ($0.002 USDC), the x402 payment paths (Base, Solana, Arc), and that failed calls are not charged. Pagination behavior via the next cursor is also disclosed. It stops short of describing rate limits or result caps.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness4/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The purpose is front-loaded in the opening clause, followed by filters, pagination and pricing in a logical order. It is dense but nearly every clause carries information; the long return-field enumeration is the only mildly padded portion.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

With six parameters, full schema coverage, an output schema and annotations present, the definition covers what the agent needs to call it correctly, including payment and pagination. The main remaining gap is the absence of any comparison to sibling case-law tools to confirm this is the right choice.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters3/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

Schema coverage is 100%, so the schema already documents all six parameters, including court IDs, order values and date formats. The description restates the same facts (court examples, sort options, cursor reuse) rather than adding syntax, defaults, or edge-case behavior, so baseline 3 is correct.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose4/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

States a specific verb and resource ('US court opinions (federal and state case law) by keyword') and enumerates the returned fields and filters, so the agent knows exactly what retrieval this performs. It does not explicitly distinguish itself from near-siblings such as gov_findlaw or gov_caselaw_access, leaving that inference to the caller.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

Usage is implied through concrete filter and sort options ('Filter by court (e.g. scotus, ca9, cal, ny) and filing-date range; sort by relevance, newest, oldest or most cited') and one explicit operational instruction ('Use the returned next cursor for more'). There is no when-to-use/when-not guidance and no disambiguation from competing case-law tools.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

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